Ethnozoology : animals in our lives

Ethnozoology: Animals In Our Lives Represents The First Book About This Discipline, Providing A Discussion On Key Themes On Human-animal Interactions And Their Implications, Along With Recent Major Advances In Research. Humans Share The World With A Bewildering Variety Of Other Animals, And Have Interacted With Them In Different Ways. This Variety Of Interactions (both Past And Present) Is Investigated Through Ethnozoology, Which Is A Hybrid Discipline Structured With Elements From Both The Natural And Social Sciences, As It Seeks To Understand How Humans Have Perceived And Interacted With Faunal Resources Throughout History. In A Broader Context, Ethnozoology, And Its Companion Discipline, Ethnobotany, Form Part Of The Larger Body Of The Science Of Ethnobiology. In Recent Years, The Importance Of Ethnozoological/ethnobiological Studies Has Increasingly Been Recognized, Unsurprisingly Given The Strong Human Influence On Biodiversity. From The Perspective Of Ethnozoology, The Book Addresses All Aspects Of Human Connection, Animals And Health, From Its Use In Traditional Medicine, To Bioprospecting Derivatives Of Fauna For Pharmaceuticals, With Expert Contributions From Leading Researchers In The Field. Edited By Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega Alves, Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Cover ETHNOZOOLOGY ANIMALS IN OUR LIVES Copyright Contents List of Contributors 1 - Introduction: Animals in Our Lives Introduction Investigating Animals and Their Interactions With Humans Why This Book Acknowledgments References 2 - Ethnozoology: Conceptual and Historical Aspects* Introduction Historical Considerations About Human and Fauna Interactions The Origin and History of Ethnozoology Ethnozoology: What Are the Marching Orders Final Considerations References 3 - Zooarcheology: Investigating Past Interactions Between Humans and Other Animals Introduction Data Quality Quality Assurance Rule 1: Each Specimen Should be Identified on its Own Merits Rule 2: Set the Universe Rule 3: Set Diagnostic Criteria Rule 4: Anticipate Difficult to Separate Taxa Rule 5: Write a Systematic Paleontology Rule 6: Make Data Accessible Moving From Quality Control to Quality Assessment Taphonomic Analysis Quantification A Theoretical Framework The Optimality Assumption Foraging at the Shag River Mouth Site Applied Zooarcheology Conclusion References1 4 - Studying Ethnozoology in Historical Documents Introduction Historical Records of the Relationships Between Human Society and Animals How Can Ethnozoological Information Be Found in Historical Documents Investigating the Historical Implications of Human Exploitation of Fauna Whaling in Brazil Reflection on Historical Ethnozoology References 5 - Imaginary Zoology: Mysterious Fauna in the Reports of Ancient Travelers and Chroniclers Introduction A Garden in the Orient Something More in Song of the Muses The Gifts of the Nile A World of Imagination and Fantasy A Look at Paradise References Further Reading 6 - Ethnotaxomy as a Methodological Tool for Studies of the Ichthyofauna and Its Conservation Implications: A Review Introduction Historical Aspects of Ethnotaxonomy The Hierarchization of Ethnotaxonomy Application of the Berlinian Model Analogies Between Folk and Scientific Taxonomic Classification Systems Correspondence Between Generic Folk Taxa and Scientific Species Final Considerations References 7 - The Importance of Hunting in Human Societies Introduction Brief History of Hunting Motivation to Hunt: Beyond Meat Hunting Techniques Traps Importance and Implications of Hunting Final Consideration References 8 - People and Fishery Resources: A Multidimensional Approach Introduction When Did Humans Start Fishing A Brief Historical Introduction Fishing and Fisheries Definitions Fishery Resources and Their Uses Fishery Resources as Food—And for What Else A Brief Overview of Fishing Gears and Techniques Animals Used in Fisheries: An Ancient Traditional Technique Still Used Today Fishing: Importance, Impacts, and Socio-Environmental Concerns Ethnozoology and Its Role in Fishery Studies References 9 - Animal Domestication and Ethnozootechny Introduction Taming and Domestication Historical Aspects of Domestication Theories on Domestication Intraspecific Diversity of Livestock Species Ethnozootechny or Ethnozoology Conclusion References Further Reading 10 - Wild Fauna on the Menu Introduction Freshwater and Marine Animals Used as Food Reptiles and Amphibians Served on the Menu Terrestrial Animals Feeding Humans Challenges and Opportunities for Wild Animals to Continue to Feed Humans Ecological Impacts of Current Harvest Levels Nutrition and Zootherapeutic Benefits Related to Consuming Wild Animals Zootherapeutic Uses and Sanitary Concerns The Place of Wild Animal Foods in a World Dominated by Domestic Sources of Meat Conclusions: The Future of Wild Animal Foods References 11 - Insects as Human Food Introduction History Nomenclature of Edible Insects Importance of Edible Insects in Diets Totems and Taboos Harvesting Practices Using Light or Sound Harvesting From Nesting Structures Exploring Hibernation or Aestivation Sites Facilitating Collection Exploring Certain Habitats Gender Participation in Collection and Marketing Habitat Destruction Agricultural Pests as Food Medicinal Uses From Harvesting and Semidomestication to Farming Conclusions References 12 - Current Levels, Recent Historical Trends, and Drivers of Wildmeat Trade in the Amazon Tri-Frontier Region Between Colombia, Peru, and Brazil Introduction Wildmeat Trade in the Tri-Frontier Region Between Brazil, Colombia, and Peru Description of the Social and Ecological Context Approach Used to Understand the Wildmeat Trade System Structure of the Wildmeat Trade Socioecological System Historical Changes Observed in the Wildmeat Trade System Since 1995 Contemporary Wildmeat Trade Volumes in the Tri-Frontier Region Between Brazil, Colombia, and Peru Participatory Quantitative Assessment of Contemporary Wildmeat Trade Current Wildmeat Trade Levels Species Sold and Prices Will the Demise of Wildmeat Take Place in the Tri-Frontier Between Peru, Brazil, and Colombia What Is the Effect of Urbanization Is Law Enforcement Helping to Reduce the Trade Is the Level of Trade Ecologically Unsustainable References Further Reading 13 - Animals and Human Health: Where Do They Meet* Introduction Animals as Cause/Disseminator of Disease in Humans and Vice Versa Animal as Sentinels of Human Health Traditional Medicine Biotherapy Hirudotherapy Maggot Therapy Apitherapy—Bee Venom Therapy Ichthyotherapy Helminth Therapy Animal-Assisted Therapy Fauna as Source of Drugs Animals in Biomedical Research Conclusions References 14 - Use and Commercialization of Animals as Decoration* Introduction The Main Taxa and Derived Products Used for Decoration Terrestrial Taxa Marine Taxa Conclusions References 15 - The Role of Animals in Human Culture* Introduction Animals in Religious Practices Animals in Mythology Animals in Art and Literature Animals in Symbolism Final Remarks References 16 - Fauna at Home: Animals as Pets Introduction Animals Kept as Pets Why Do Humans Keep Pets Problems Associated With Keeping Pets Final remarks References 17 - What About the Unusual Soldiers Animals Used in War Introduction Brief History Fauna Used in War and Their Functions Final Remarks References 18 - The Ethnozoological Role of Working Animals in Traction and Transport* Introduction A Brief History of the Use of Working Animals for Traction and Transport Working Animals and Their Uses The Welfare of Working Animals Final Remarks References 19 - Wildlife Attractions: Zoos and Aquariums Introduction Brief History of Zoos and Aquariums Zoos and Aquariums: Tourism and Entertainment Zoos and Aquariums as Scientific and Educational Institutions The Role of Zoos and Aquariums in Animal Conservation The Controversial Debate on the Role of Zoos and Aquariums Final Remarks References 20 - From Roman Arenas to Movie Screens: Animals in Entertainment and Sport Introduction Using Animals as Entertainment Sport Hunting and Fishing Watching Animals Promoting Animal Fights Animal Racing Entertainment Shows With Trained Animals Animals in Documentaries, Cartoons, Films, and Television Series Miscellaneous Animal Welfare and Entertainment Conclusion References 21 - Animals as Ethnozooindicators of Weather and Climate Introduction Natural Weather Forecasting: A Brief History The Use of Local Ecological Knowledge in Forecasting Ethnozooindicators: Animals as Climate Indicators Invertebrates Vertebrates Final Remarks References 22 - Understanding Human–Wildlife Conflicts and Their Implications Introduction The Principal Taxa Involved in Conflicts Factors That Lead to Conflict Attacks on Human Beings Reduction of Natural Prey and Habitat Loss Marine Environment Conflicts Associated With Transportation Systems Competition for Resources and Poaching Management of Domestic Animals Intolerance Implications for Conservation of Species Proposals for Conflict Mitigation Final Considerations References 23 - Biological Predispositions and Individual Differences in Human Attitudes Toward Animals How Does Evolution Shape Human Attitudes to Animals Coevolution With Snakes Enhances Visual Attention to Dangerous Stimuli Aesthetic Preferences for Animals Why Are Some Animals Ugly Why Certain Harmless Animals Are Considered Ugly Why Certain Animals Are Considered Cute The Role of Colors in Attitudes Toward Animals Rarity and Attitudes Toward Animals Gender Differences in Preferences for Animals Developmental Aspects and Correlates With Animal Attitudes Companion Animals Influences of Keeping Animals as Pets on Attitudes Toward Animals Influences of Meat Consumption on Attitudes Toward Animals Human Emotions and Animal Conservation Attitude Change: The Role of Education Conclusion Acknowledgments References Further Reading 24 - The Role of Ethnozoology in Animal Studies Introduction Use of Traditional Knowledge in Ecological/Zoological Studies How Can Local Ecological Knowledge Help in Faunistic Surveys and Taxonomic Studies Discovering New Species Through Ethnozoological Studies LEK as Source of Scientific Insights Relevance of Local Ecological Knowledge in Studies on the Conservation and Management of Fauna Final Remarks References 25 - Ethnozoology and Animal Conservation* Introduction The Role of Ethnobiology in Biodiversity Conservation Human Influence on Animal Biodiversity The Role of Ethnozoology in Animal Conservation Final Considerations References 26 - The Use of Traditional Ecological Knowledge in the Context of Participatory Wildlife Management: Examples From Indigenous Communities in Puerto Nariño, Amazonas-Colombia Introduction Study Site Description of the Study Location History of Cultural Transformation Among the Ticuna Contemporary Livelihoods in Indigenous Communities From Puerto Nariño Taboos and Beliefs Affecting the Use of Wildlife Studying Taboos and Beliefs in Indigenous Communities From Puerto Nariño Taboos Regulating the Use of Wildlife in Puerto Nariño Implications of Taboos for Wildlife Management Monitoring Wildlife Populations Using a Traditional Practice to Imitate the Animals The Traditional Practice of Calling Animals Studying “Animal Calls” in Indigenous Communities From Puerto Nariño Local Knowledge on the Call of Forest Animals Species Called Different Types of Animal Calls Most Suitable Time and Place for Calling Animals Adaptation of the Call of Agouti to the Context of Participatory Monitoring Discussion and Conclusions Acknowledgments References 27 - Ethnozoology: An Overview and Current Perspectives Introduction Collecting Data Concerning Ethnozoological Publications Global Scientific Production in Ethnozoology Final Considerations References Index A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z Back Cover