Ethics and the politics of food : preprints of the 6th Congress of the European Society for Agricultural and Food Ethics, EurSAFE 2006, Oslo, Norway, June 22-24, 2006

Food has emerged as a political topic par excellence. It is increasingly involved in controversies at a transnational level, in relation to issues of access, dominance, trade and control in a shared global environment. At the same time, innovations in biotechnology and animal domestication have brought ethics to the forefront of food debates. Thus, we live in an era when the ethics and the politics of food must come together. This book addresses the ethics and the politics of food from a broad range of academic disciplines, including sociology, philosophy, nutrition, anthropology, ethics, political science and history. The chapters expose novel problem areas, and suggest guidelines for approaching them. Topics range from fundamental issues in philosophy to sustainability, from consumer trust in food to ethical toolkits. Transparency, power and responsibility are key concerns, and special attention is given to animal welfare, emerging technologies in food production and marine domestication. Together, the chapters represent a wide range of academic responses to the fundamental dilemmas posed by food production and food consumption in the contemporary world Preface: Ethics and the politics of food / Matthias Kaiser and Marianne Elisabeth Lien Political consumerism: why the market is an arena for politics / Michele Micheletti Whales as persons / Paola Cavalieri Can food safety policy-making be both scientifically and democratically legitimated? If so, how? / Erik Millstone Pt. 1. Politics and ethics of transparency Consumer concerns and ethical traceability: outline of a liberal argument / Volkert Beekman Ethical traceability / Christian Coff Towards value based autonomy in livestock farming? / Karel de Greef ... [et al.] Participatory methods and food policy: different approaches for different purposes / Jon Fixdal Farmers markets as a new arena for communication on food / Anne Moxnes Jervell, Hanne Torjusen and Eivind Jacobsen Consumer information about farm animal welfare: a study of national differences / Unni Kjœrnes and Randi Lavik The presence of animal welfare-friendly bodies: an organised to disorganised achievement in the food supply chain / Emma Roe and Marc Higgin Private regulatory approaches and the challenge of pesticide use / Nicolien van der Grijp Organic values and animal production / Henk Verhoog and Jan de Wit Pt. 2. Foundational issues in philosophy and ethics Biotechnology, disagreement and the limitations of public debate / Bernice Bovenkerk Cynicism and corporate integrity: obstacles and possibilities for moral communication / Erik de Bakker Protecting future generations through submajority rule / Kristian Skagen Ekeli Scientific advice and the ideal of certainty / Anna Paldam Folker and Peter Sandøe Controlling biodiversity? Ethical analysis of the case of swine fever and wild boar in Denmark / Christian Gamborg and Peter Sandøe The moral basis of vegetarianism / Espen Gamlund Problems of principlism / Laurens Landeweerd Passive nature and safe food? / Svein Anders Noer Lie The human and social sciences in interdisciplinary biotechnology research: Trojan horses or useful idiots? / Bjørn Myskja and Reidun Heggem Moral co-responsibility in food production and consumption / Hilde W. Nagell Genetically modified foods between ethics and public policy / Assya Pascalev Pt. 3. Trust in food Food safety in Europe: new policy and shifting responsibilities / Lotte Holm and Bente Halkier Politicising consumer trust in food: a socio-institutional explanation to variations in trust / Unni Kaœrnes, Alan Warde and Mark Harvey Why increasing predictability cannot do the job alone when we aim to establish trust in the agri-food sector / Franck L. B. Meijboom Pt. 4. Ethics and safety in food discourse GMO controversy in Japan over test growing of PEPC transgenic rice plants / Mamoru Fukamizu, Seiko Yoshida, Kohji Ishihara Uncertainty and precaution; challenges and implications for science and policy of DNA vaccines in aquaculture / Frøydis Gillund and Anne Ingeborg Myhr Heuristics of precaution: towards a substantial consideration of ethics in the regulation of agri-food biotechnology risks / Andoni Ibarra and Hannot Rodriguez Negotiating signs of pleasure and pain: towards a democratic-deliberative model of animal welfare monitoring / Mara Miele and Adrian Bruce Evans A critical appraisal of the UNESCO version of teh precautionary principle / Bjørn Myskja and Anne Ingeborg Myhr Biosecurity research and agroterrorism: are there ethical issues at stake? / Matias Pasquali Pt. 5. Sustainability in food production No-one at the helm: world trade, sustainability and farm animal welfare / Michael C. Appleby Integrative sustainability concept: operationalisation for the food and agriculture sector / Rolf Meyer Ethical and organic? Exploring the contradictions from a local community of small family farmers of southern Brazil / Raquel Moreno-Peñaranda The new scientific totalitarianism: an overview on the discourse over genetically modified crops / Asterios Tsioumanis and G. Perentzis Pt. 6. The tool-box for assessing ethical issues Development of an animal disease intervention matrix (ADIM) / Stefan Aerts, Johan Evers and Dirk Lips Ethics and the politics of food The process of developing and implementing criteria for sustainable agriculture: a cross-case analysis / Menno Binnekamp, Paul Ingenbleek and Silvia Goddijn 'Animal ethics dilemma': a computer supported learning tool / Trine Dich ... [et al.] Giving ethical advice in a pluralist context: what is the problem? / Ellen-Marie Forsberg Values behind biodiversity: a study of environmental controversies related to salmon farming / Arne Sveinson Haugen Pt. 7. Cultural values in food production and consumption Factors influencing halal meat consumption: an application of the theory of planned behaviour / Karijn Bonne ... [et al.] Ethics and transformation of Polish food chain / Marek Gaworski Innocent food and dirty money: the moral economy of food production / Stig S. Gezelius The cultural taste of Gamalost fra Vik: reflections about the meanings of a local cheese / Atle Wehn Hegnes, Virginie Amilien and Hanne Torjusen Slow food lessons for a fast food nation / Christopher D. Merrett ... [et al.] Olive oil and the cultural politics of 'Denominaciones de Origen' in Andalusia / Nefissa Naguib Lookin' for some down-home cookin'? A case study of household pork production in the Czech Republic / Zbynek Ulcak How animal friendly should our agricultural practice become? A moral anti-realist argumentation for veganism / Tatjana Visak Pt. 8. Emerging technologies in food production Genetics and tailor-made diets: some ethical issues / Angus Dawson Nanofood: lessons to be learnt from the debate on GM crops? / Mette Ebbesen Farm animal cloning: the role of the concept of animal integrity in debating and regulating the technology / Mickey Gjerris and Peter Sandøe The transatlantic conflict over GM food: cultural background / Tatiana Kochetkova Nutrigenomics: a bridge too far, for now? / Albert E. J. McGill The transatlantic rift in genetically modified food policy / Celina Ramjoué The ethical landscape of non surgical embryo-transfer in pigs: an explorative study of public concerns / Frans Stafleu, Dorothé Ducro-Steverink and Jan Merks Agricultural animals as targets of genetic progress: engaging with animal scientists about the impact of genomics / Richard Twine Pt. 9. Nutrition, equality and global food security Free vs. paid school fruit: big difference with respect to social inequality / Elling Bere and Knut-Inge Klepp Who's responsible for school meals? / Astrid Dahl Technological interventions for global food security / Albert E. J. McGill Urban challenges and solutions for ethical eating / Albert E. J. McGill Governance of healthy eating: the changing role of governments in promoting healthy dietary habits and its implications for consumers and civil society / Bent Egberg Mikkelsen Food system policies in rich countries and consequences in poor ones: ethical considerations / Per Pinstrup-Andersen Advertising social responsibility and moral myopia: an overview on the fast food industry / Athanasios Vlachos and Asterios Tsioumanis Pt. 10. Who is responsible? corporate responsibility and political governance Re-doing responsibilities: re-doing the state politics of food and the political market-place / Kristin Asdal The responsibility of food corporations for their customers' health / Tal Caspi and Yotam Lurie Governing sustainable food and farming production futures using integrated risk assessment approaches / A. H. Gesche and A. Haslberger Ethical principles and practice in organic processing: governance and corporate responsibility / Mette Weinreich Hansen, Thorkild Nielsen and Niels Heine Kristensen Corporate responsibility / Karsten Klint Jensen For public prevention or on private plates? The ethical evaluation of personal diets and the shift towards market applications / Franck L. B. Meijboom, Marcel F. Verweij and Frans W. A. Brom Can the freedom to choose between gm-free and gm-products be guaranteed by voluntary GM-free regional co-operations in the long-run? / Frauke Pirscher Pt. 11. Critical issues in aquatic production systems Turning cheap fish into expensive fish? The ethical examination of an argument about feed conversion rates / Matthias Kaiser A warm heart for a cold fish: moral obligations and welfare considerations in fish farming / Vonne Lund and Cecilie M. Mejdell The implications of the use of GM in aquaculture: issues for international development and trade / Kate Millar and Sandy Tomkins Economic values of fish welfare and application of market experiments / Ingrid Olesen ... [et al.] A story of two fishes / Guro Ådnegard Skarstad The ethical slaughter of farmed fish / Ambrose Tinarwo Consumer perception about ethical and sustainability issues of fish / Filiep Vanhonacker, Wim Verbeke and Isabelle Sioen Pt. 12. Politics of consumption The political-commercial framing of ethical consumption / Eivind Jacobsen and Arne Dulsrud Safer than ever? Trust and gender in relation to meat provisioning in Norway / Marianne Elisabeth Lien and Randi Lavik The citizen goes shopping: what do the peers have to say about it? / Tassos Michalopoulos Mobilising for the animal cause as consumers: an analysis of strategies and practices in Netherlands and Norway / Laura Terragni ... [et al.] Pt. 13. Animal welfare and food production Animal welfare differences between Caesarean section and natural delivery in Belgian Blue cattle / Stefan Aerts ... [et al.] Stakeholder's attitudes to and engagement for animal welfare: to participation and cocreation / Stefan Aerts and Dirk Lips Ethics, bioethics and animal welfare: at what cost / Salvatore Barbera Importance of emotional experiences for societal perception of farm animal welfare: a quantitative study in the Netherlands / Birgit K. Boogaard, Simon J. Oosting and Bettina B. Bock Animal welfare in animal husbandry: how to put moral responsibility for livestock into practice / Herwig Grimm Competing conceptions of animal welfare and their ethical implications for the treatment of non-human animals? / Richard P. Haynes Animals and the harm of death / Frederike Kaldewaij Tail docking in horses: tradition, economy, welfare and the future of the Belgian draft horse / Dirk Lips and Stefan Aerts All animals are equal but some animals are more equal than others: a cross-cultural comparison of human-animal relationships in Netherlands and Norway Liesbeth Schipper ... [et al.] Vethics: vets for ethics in food / Erik Schmid Robustness of laying hens: an ethical approach / Laura Star ... [et al.] Attitudes of organic pig farmers towards animal welfare / Marjolein van Huik and Bettina Bock Defining the concept of animal welfare: integrating the opinion of citizens and other stakeholders / Els Van Poucke ... [et al.] Pt. 14. Other contributions Comparative analysis of ethical assessment of agricultural biotechnology: committees functioning and philosophical presuppositions / Catherine Baudoin Pigs breeding outdoors and weighing stress: an automatic station for feed distribution and weigh taking / Paolo Cornale and Salvatore Barbera Dairy cows systems and natural resources utilization for a sustainable and ethical production in NW Italy / Marcella Gentile, Salvatore Barbera and Luca Battaglini Pesticide residues in drinking water versus other beverages: a case of an unjustified discrepancy? / Khara Grieger and Stefan Trapp Presentation of the computer programme 'Animal Ethics Dilemma' / Tina Hansen ... [et al.] A project looking for novel perspectives in agricultural science communication / Matias Pasquali The ethical Delphi. A new tool for ethical assessments / Erik Thorstensen and Matthias Kaiser Defining animal welfare from a citizen and consumer perspective: exploratory findings from Belgium / Filiep Vanhonacker ... [et al.] Ethical questions, technological solutions? / Ineke Widdershoven-Heerding.