Estimation of Natural Groundwater Recharge (Nato Science Series C:, 222)

In view of the rapidly expanding urban, industrial and agri­ cultural water requirements in many areas and the normally associated critical unreliability of surface water supplies in arid and semi-arid zones, groundwater exploration and use is of fundamental importance for logical economic development. Two interrelated facets should be evident in all such groundwater projects : (a) definition of groundwater recharge mechanisms and characteristics for identified geological formations, in order to determine whether exploitation in the long-term involves 'mining' of an es­ sentially 'fossil' resource or withdrawal from a dynamic supply. A solution to this aspect is essential for development of a re­ source management policy: (b) determination of recharge variability in time and space to thus enable determination of total aquifer input and to quantify such practical aspects as 'minimum risk' waste disposal locations and artificial recharge potential via (e.g.) devegetation or engi­ neering works. However, current international developments relating to natural recharge indicate the following 'problems' ; no single comprehensive estimation technique can yet be iden­ tified from the spectrum of methods available; all are reported to give suspect results. Front Matter....Pages i-xiii Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Groundwater Recharge Concepts....Pages 3-9 An Unexpected Factor Affecting Recharge from Ephemeral River Flows in SWA/Namibia....Pages 11-28 On the Continuity of Aquifer Systems on the Crystalline Basement of Burkina Faso....Pages 29-45 Front Matter....Pages 47-47 A Review of Some of the Physical, Chemical and Isotopic Techniques Available for Estimating Groundwater Recharge....Pages 49-72 Evaporation in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions....Pages 73-88 Satellite Remote Sensing and Energy Balance Modelling for Water Balance Assessment in (Semi-) Arid Regions....Pages 89-116 A Proposed Study of Recharge Processes in Fracture Aquifers of Semi-Arid Botswana....Pages 117-124 Estimation of Natural Groundwater Recharge under Saudi Arabian Arid Climatic Conditions....Pages 125-138 Solute Profile Techniques for Recharge Estimation in Semi-Arid and Arid Terrain....Pages 139-157 Recharge Estimation from the Depth-Distribution of Environmental Chloride in the Unsaturated Zone — Western Australian Examples....Pages 159-173 Natural Recharge Measurements in the Hard Rock Regions of Semi-Arid India Using Tritium Injection — A Review....Pages 175-194 Comparison of Recharge Estimates from Injected Tritium Technique and Regional Hydrological Modelling in the Case of a Granitic Basin in Semi-Arid India....Pages 195-204 Studies on Natural Recharge to the Groundwater by Isotope Techniques in Arid Western Rajasthan, India....Pages 205-220 Front Matter....Pages 221-221 Numerical and Conceptual Models for Recharge Estimation in Arid and Semi-Arid Zones....Pages 223-238 Methods for Estimation of Natural Groundwater Recharge Directly from Precipitation — Comparative Studies in Sandy Till....Pages 239-270 The Principles of Inverse Modelling for Estimation of Recharge from Hydraulic Head....Pages 271-282 Estimating Natural Recharge of Ground Water by Moisture Accounting and Convolution....Pages 283-299 Natural Ground Water Recharge Estimation Methodologies in India....Pages 301-311 BALSEQ — A Model for the Estimation of Water Balances, Including Aquifer Recharges, Requiring Scarce Hydrologic Data....Pages 313-319 Front Matter....Pages 321-321 Quantification of Groundwater Recharge in Arid Regions: A Practical View for Resource Development and Management....Pages 323-338 Front Matter....Pages 321-321 Groundwater Recharge Studies in Semi-Arid Botswana-A Review....Pages 339-347 Rainfall — Runoff — Recharge Relationships in the Basement Rocks of Zimbabwe....Pages 349-365 Recharge Characteristics of Aquifers of Jeddah-Makkah Taif Region....Pages 367-375 Groundwater Recharge and Subsurface Flow in the Comodoro Rivadavia Area, Chubut Province, Argentina. Isotopic and Hydrochemical Study....Pages 377-393 Groundwater Recharge over Western Saudi Arabia....Pages 395-403 Natural Recharge of Karst Aquifers in Western Taurus Region (Southwestern Turkey)....Pages 405-422 Estimation of Recharge of Sand Aquifer of the Island of Mannar Sri Lanka....Pages 423-434 Groundwater Recharge from Three Cheap and Independent Methods in the Small Watersheds of the Rain Forest Belt of Nigeria....Pages 435-447 Quantitative Estimation of Ground-Water Recharge in Dolomite....Pages 449-460 Quantitative Estimation of Ground-Water Recharge in the Pretoria-Rietondale Area....Pages 461-476 Analysis of Long-Duration Piezometric Records from Burkina Faso Used to Determine Aquifer Recharge....Pages 477-489 Front Matter....Pages 491-491 Humid and Arid Zone Groundwater Recharge — A Comparative Analysis....Pages 493-504 Back Matter....Pages 505-510 Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Estimation of Natural Recharge of Groundwater (with special reference to Arid and Semi-Arid Regions), Antalya, Side, Turkey, March 8-15, 1987