Essentials of RF and Microwave Grounding (Artech House Microwave Library)

grounding Is A Widespread And Serious Problem In Microwave And Rf Engineering, And Up Until Now, There Hasn't Been A Practical, Authoritative Resource Dedicated To The Topic. This First-of-its-kind Book Offers A Comprehensive Understanding Of The Proper Grounding Techniques To Use When Working On Various Microwave Circuit And Antenna Design Projects. Practitioners Learn What Problems Can Occur When Grounding Design Is Inadequate, And How To Avoid Them. This Book Covers Grounding As It Pertains To A Wide Range Of Critical Topics, Including. Supported With More Than 174 Illustrations And Utilizing Simple Derivations And Results From Numerical Electromagnetic Simulations Of Real Components, This Single Resource Provides Broad, Intuitive Know-how That Helps Practitioners Overcome Design Challenges With Speed And Confidence. Essentials of RF and Microwave Grounding......Page 1 Contents......Page 7 Preface xi......Page 11 1.1 Grounding for DC and Low-Frequency AC Circuits 1......Page 15 1.2 RF Grounding 6......Page 20 1.3 Why RF Grounding Is Important 9......Page 23 References......Page 24 2.1 Microwave Engineering—Focus on the Electromagnetic Field 11......Page 25 2.2.1 Coulomb’s Postulate and the Electrostatic Field 12......Page 26 2.2.2 Conductors 15......Page 29 2.2.3 Semiconductors and Dielectrics 17......Page 31 2.2.4 DC Ground 19......Page 33 2.3 Magnetostatics 20......Page 34 2.4.1 Maxwell’s Equations 23......Page 37 2.5 Electromagnetic Radiation and Antennas 28......Page 42 References......Page 47 3.1 Fundamental Theory 35......Page 49 3.2 Coaxial Transmission Line 41......Page 55 3.3 Wire Transmission Lines 48......Page 62 3.4 Waveguides 51......Page 65 3.5 Planar Transmission Lines 56......Page 70 3.5.1 Microstrip 57......Page 71 3.5.2 Stripline 59......Page 73 3.5.3 Coplanar Waveguide and Slot Line 60......Page 74 3.6 DC Short Circuits and Via Holes 61......Page 75 3.7 RF Short and Open Circuits 67......Page 81 3.8 Printed Circuit Boards 70......Page 84 3.8.1 Layer Definition and Grounding 72......Page 86 3.8.2 Decoupling Methods 74......Page 88 References......Page 96 4.1 Fundamentals and Applications 85......Page 99 4.2.1 Edge-Mounted Transitions 89......Page 103 4.2.2 Vertical Mounted Transitions 97......Page 111 4.3 Waveguide to Microstrip Transitions 101......Page 115 4.3.1 Orthogonal Transitions 102......Page 116 4.3.2 End-Launched Transitions 107......Page 121 4.4 Microstrip Transitions to Other Planar Transmission Lines 109......Page 123 4.5 Transitions in Microwave Test Circuits 112......Page 126 References......Page 128 5.1 Introduction 115......Page 129 5.2.1 Diode Operation 116......Page 130 5.2.2 Varactors 120......Page 134 5.2.3 Diode Limiters and Switches 123......Page 137 5.2.4 Diode Mixers 126......Page 140 5.3 Microwave Transistors 128......Page 142 5.3.1 Operational Fundamentals 130......Page 144 5.3.2 Source Resistance and DC Grounding 131......Page 145 5.3.3 Source Inductance, Feedback, and RF Grounding 133......Page 147 5.3.4 Examples 136......Page 150 5.4.1 Unpackaged MMIC Grounding 139......Page 153 5.4.2 Packaged MMIC Grounding 143......Page 157 5.5.1 Grounding of Microwave Modules 145......Page 159 5.5.2 Active Device Grounding in Mixed Signal Printed Circuit Boards 146......Page 160 5.5.3 Grounding of Amplifier Chains 149......Page 163 5.5.4 Example: A Multilayer Circuit Board Transceiver 155......Page 169 References......Page 171 6.1 Fundamental Concepts 159......Page 173 6.2 Interaction Between Ground Planes and Radiating Sources 165......Page 179 6.2.1 Perfectly Conducting, Infinite Ground Planes 166......Page 180 6.2.2 Imperfect Ground Planes 172......Page 186 6.2.3 Finite Ground Planes 174......Page 188 6.3.1 Fundamentals 175......Page 189 6.3.2 Monopoles and Dipoles over Ground 177......Page 191 6.4.1 Fundamentals 182......Page 196 6.4.2 Horn Antennas over Ground 183......Page 197 6.4.3 Horn Antennas and Edge Diffraction 185......Page 199 6.4.4 Patch Antennas 188......Page 202 6.5 Connecting Antennas to Microwave Circuits 193......Page 207 References......Page 212 About the Author 201......Page 215 Index 203......Page 217