Esau’s tears : modern anti-semitism and the rise of the Jews, 1870-1933

Esau's Tears Explores The Remarkable And Revealing Variety Of Modern Anti-semitism, From Its Emergence In The 1870s In A Racial-political Form To The Eve Of The Nazi Takeover, In The Major Countries Of Europe And In The United States. Previous Histories Have Generally Been More Concerned With Description Than Analysis, And Most Of The Interpretations In Those Histories Have Been Lacking In Balance. The Evidence Presented In This Book Suggests That Anti-semitism In These Years Was More Ambiguous Than Usually Presented, Less Pervasive And Central To The Lives Of Both Jews And Non-jews, And By No Means Clearly Pointed To A Rising Hatred Of Jews Everywhere, Even Less To The Likelihood Of Mass Murder. Similarly, Jew-hatred Was Not As Mysterious Or Incomprehensible As Often Presented; Its Strength In Some Countries And Weakness In Others May Be Related To The Fluctuating And Sometimes Quite Different Perceptions In Those Countries Of The Meaning Of The Rise Of The Jews In The Late Nineteenth And Early Twentieth Centuries. Anti-semitism Before The Modern Period: Overview And Definition -- Modern Times (1700 To The 1870s) -- Germans And Jews (1870-1890) -- Anti-semitic Ideology And Movement In Germany (1879 To The 1890s) -- Socialists, Jews, And Anti-semites -- Austria-hungary: Radical Radicalism And Schlamperei -- France: Liberty, Equality, And Fraternity -- A Sweet Exile? -- The Failures: Russia And Romania -- The Ambiguities Of Failure In The Belle Epoque: Germany And Austria -- The Ambiguous Successes: Great Britain And The United States -- World War I -- Jews And Revolution (1917-1934) -- Fascism And Anti-semitism. Albert S. Lindemann. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Preface Part I. The Long-Range Background: 1. Anti-Semitism before the modern period: overview and definition 2. Modern times (1700 to the 1870s) Part II. The Appearance of Modern Anti-Semitism (1870-90): 3. Germans and Jews (1870-1980) 4. Anti-Semitic ideology and movement in Germany (1879 to the 1890s) 5. Socialists, Jews, and anti-Semites 6. Austria-Hungary: radical radicalism and Schlamperei 7. France: Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity 8. A sweet exile? Part III. The Belle Epoque (1890-1914): 9. The failures: Russia and Romania 10. The ambiguities of 'failure' in the Belle Epoque: Germany and Austria 11. The ambiguous successes: Great Britain and the United States Part IV. A Decade of War and Revolution (1914-24): 12. World War I 13. Jews and revolution (1917-34) Part V. The Fascist Era: Europe between the Wars: 14. Fascism and Anti-Semitism Epilogue Conclusions. Tracing the development of modern anti-Semitism from the 1870s to the Nazi takeover, the author maintains that it was less sinister and less influential over the lives of Jews and gentiles than some historians have suggested. UP. Lindemann explores the remarkable and revealing variety of modern anti-Semitism, from its emergence in the 1870s in a racial-political form to the eve of the Nazi takeover in the major countries of Europe and in the United States Dictionary-style definitions of anti-Semitism ("hostility to Jews") are usually not much help, in part because their brevity and abstractness are inadequate to this particular protean phenomenon.