Erich Hückel (1896-1980): From Physics to Quantum Chemistry (Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science Book 283)

This study, the first comprehensive account of Erich Hückel's career, examines his scientific work as well as his importance for the emergence of quantum chemistry as an independent discipline in Germany during the 1930s. Hückel began his career by studying quantum physics in Göttingen, but his background in chemistry led him to take up pioneering research on the physics of chemical bonding. Drawing on a variety of sources, Andreas Karachalios offers a probing account of fast-breaking developments in quantum theory that paved the way for Hückel's research. In Göttingen and later in Leipzig, Hückel interacted with leading figures not only in quantum physics and physical chemistry but also with others in nearby fields, including organic chemistry and mathematics. During his later career in Marburg, Hückel clashed with Linus Pauling over the properties of the benzine molecule. In order to appreciate this controversy, Karachalios gives a brief account of the mathematical formalism of spin invariants, with both Hückel and Pauling used in their analyses, though with different interpretations. This serves not only to clarify their differences but also to illustrate the importance of the quantum-mechanical theory of resonance for chemistry at this time.

This study, the first comprehensive account of Erich Hückel's career, examines his scientific work as well as his importance for the emergence of quantum chemistry as an independent discipline in Germany during the 1930s. Hückel began his career by studying quantum physics in Göttingen, but his background in chemistry led him to take up pioneering research on the physics of chemical bonding.

Drawing on a variety of sources, Andreas Karachalios offers a probing account of fast-breaking developments in quantum theory that paved the way for Hückel's research. In Göttingen and later in Leipzig, Hückel interacted with leading figures not only in quantum physics and physical chemistry but also with others in nearby fields, including organic chemistry and mathematics.

During his later career in Marburg, Hückel clashed with Linus Pauling over the properties of the benzine molecule. In order to appreciate this controversy, Karachalios gives a brief account of the mathematical formalism of spin invariants, with both Hückel and Pauling used in their analyses, though with different interpretations. This serves not only to clarify their differences but also to illustrate the importance of the quantum-mechanical theory of resonance for chemistry at this time.

Front Matter....Pages i-xvii Erich Hückel’s Education and Scientific Awakening: The Path to Quantum Chemistry....Pages 1-48 Erich Hückel’s Research Agenda During the 1930s: Underpinning Organic Chemistry with Quantum Theory....Pages 49-113 The Controversy Between Erich Hückel and Linus Pauling over the Benzene Problem....Pages 115-139 Linus Pauling’s Breakthrough to the Theory of Aromatic Compounds and Hückel’s Reaction....Pages 141-149 Hückel’s Efforts to Disseminate His Theory and Its Reception....Pages 151-159 Hückel’s Professional Career in National Socialist Germany....Pages 161-169 The Postwar Years....Pages 171-173 Summary and Concluding Remarks....Pages 175-177 Back Matter....Pages 179-200 This comprehensive account of Huckel’s career examines his scientific work and his key role in the emergence of quantum chemistry as an independent discipline. It also covers his clash with Linus Pauling over the properties of the benzene molecule.