Epidemiology of Obesity in Children and Adolescents: Prevalence and Etiology (Springer Series on Epidemiology and Public Health Book 2)

Epidemiology of Obesity in Children and Adolescents Luis Moreno, Iris Pigeot, and Wolfgang Ahrens, editors Despite adults’ best preventive efforts, childhood obesity is on the rise in most areas of the world, and with it the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and other formerly adult-onset conditions. Epidemiology of Obesity in Children and Adolescents takes the global ecological approach that is needed to understand the scope of the problem and its multiple causes and mechanisms, and to aid in developing more effective prevention and intervention programs. In the book’s first half, experts present a descriptive summary of youth obesity trends in ten world regions, broken down by age group, gender, socioeconomic status, and risk factors. Complementing these findings, part two reviews the evidence base regarding the variables, separately and in combination, having the most significant impact on young people’s development of obesity, including: • Genetic and nutrigenomic factors. • Environmental and psychosocial factors, such as family shopping and eating habits and access to healthful foods. • Neuroendocrine regulation. • Prenatal and neonatal factors (e.g., gestational diabetes of the mother). • Dietary factors, from nutrient content to young people’s food preferences. • Physical activity versus sedentary behavior. Epidemiology of Obesity in Children and Adolescents is necessary reading for the range of professionals involved in curtailing this epidemic, including public health specialists, epidemiologists, pediatricians, nurses, nutritionists, psychologists, health educators, and policymakers. Introduction / Iris Pigeot, Luis A. Moreno, and Wolfgang Ahrens Ethics and Public Policy / Dita Wickins-Drazilova and Garrath Williams Methodological Aspects for Childhood and Adolescence Obesity Epidemiology / Gerardo Rodríguez ... [et al.] Part I. Descriptive Epidemiology Childhood Obesity in the WHO European Region / Yannis Manios and Vassiliki Costarelli The Epidemiology of Childhood Obesity in Canada, Mexico and the United States / Cynthia L. Ogden ... [et al.] Epidemiology of Obesity in Children in South America / Cecilia Albala and Camila Corvalan Epidemiology of Obesity in Children and Adolescents in Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Region / Kylie Hesketh, Karen Campbell, and Rachael Taylor Prevalence and Etiology : Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Countries / Hafez Elzein and Sima Hamadeh Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Japan / Masao Yoshinaga, Tomoko Ichiki, and Yoshiya Ito Social Epidemiology of Nutritional Burden Among Children and Adolescents in India / Jessica M. Perkins and S.V. Subramanian Epidemiology of Obesity in Children and Adolescents in China / Youfa Wang ... [et al.] Epidemiology and Clinical Profile of Obesity in Children and Adolescents: South-East Asia and Singapore / Ting Fei Ho Childhood Obesity : Prevalence Worldwide - Synthesis Part I / Wolfgang Ahrens, Luis A. Moreno, and Iris Pigeot Part II. Etiological Factors Genetic Factors / Paola Russo, Fabio Lauria, and Alfonso Siani Genetics and Nutrigenomics of Obesity / Andreu Palou ... [et al.] Neuroendocrine Regulation / Vicente Barrios ... [et al.] Perinatal and Infant Determinants of Obesity / Debbie A. Lawlor, George Davey Smith, and Richard Martin Food Patterns and Nutrient Intake in Relation to Childhood Obesity / Gerardo Rodríguez ... [et al.] Physical Activity, Fitness and Fatness in Children and Adolescents / David Jiménez-Pavón ... [et al.] Sedentary Behaviors and Obesity in Children and Adolescents / J.P. Rey-López ... [et al.] Socio-Economic Status and Obesity in Childhood / Fiona Johnson, Michelle Pratt, and Jane Wardle Environmental Factors : Opportunities and Barriers for Physical Activity, and Healthy Eating / Inge Huybrechts, Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij, and Stefaan De Henauw Psychosocial Aspects of Childhood Obesity / Amy E. Sgrenci and Myles S. Faith Consumer Behavior in Childhood Obesity Research and Policy / Lucia A. Reisch, Wencke Gwozdz, and Suzanne Beckmann Eating Behavior and Weight in Children / Clare Llewellyn, Susan Carnell, and Jane Wardle Childhood Obesity : Etiology - Synthesis Part II / Luis A. Moreno, Iris Pigeot, and Wolfgang Ahrens. Front Matter....Pages i-ix Introduction....Pages 1-6 Ethics and Public Policy....Pages 7-20 Methodological Aspects for Childhood and Adolescence Obesity Epidemiology....Pages 21-40 Front Matter....Pages 41-41 Childhood Obesity in the WHO European Region....Pages 43-68 The Epidemiology of Childhood Obesity in Canada, Mexico and the United States....Pages 69-93 Epidemiology of Obesity in Children in South America....Pages 95-110 Epidemiology of Obesity in Children and Adolescents in Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Region....Pages 111-125 Prevalence and Etiology: Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Countries....Pages 127-152 Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Japan....Pages 153-162 Social Epidemiology of Nutritional Burden Among Children and Adolescents in India....Pages 163-181 Epidemiology of Obesity in Children and Adolescents in China....Pages 183-194 Epidemiology and Clinical Profile of Obesity in Children and Adolescents: South-East Asia and Singapore....Pages 195-217 Childhood Obesity: Prevalence Worldwide - Synthesis Part I....Pages 219-235 Front Matter....Pages 237-237 Genetic Factors....Pages 239-252 Genetics and Nutrigenomics of Obesity....Pages 253-290 Neuroendocrine Regulation....Pages 291-309 Perinatal and Infant Determinants of Obesity....Pages 311-328 Food Patterns and Nutrient Intake in Relation to Childhood Obesity....Pages 329-346 Physical Activity, Fitness and Fatness in Children and Adolescents....Pages 347-366 Sedentary Behaviors and Obesity in Children and Adolescents....Pages 367-376 Front Matter....Pages 237-237 Socio-Economic Status and Obesity in Childhood....Pages 377-390 Environmental Factors: Opportunities and Barriers for Physical Activity, and Healthy Eating....Pages 391-418 Psychosocial Aspects of Childhood Obesity....Pages 419-429 Consumer Behavior in Childhood Obesity Research and Policy....Pages 431-454 Eating Behavior and Weight in Children....Pages 455-482 Childhood Obesity: Etiology - Synthesis Part II....Pages 483-492 Back Matter....Pages 493-500 Despite adults' best preventive efforts, childhood obesity is on the rise in most areas of the world and with it the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and other formerly adult-onset conditions. Epidemiology of Obesity in Children and Adolescents takes the global ecological approach that is needed to understand the scope of the problem and its multiple causes and mechanisms, and to aid in developing more effective prevention and intervention programs. In the book's first half, experts present a descriptive summary of youth obesity trends in ten world regions, broken down by age group, gender, socioeconomic status, and risk factors. Complementing these findings, part two reviews the evidence base regarding the variables, separately and in combination, having the most significant impact on young people's development of obesity, including: Genetic and nutrigenomic factors. Environmental and psychosocial factors, such as family shopping and eating habits and access to healthful foods. Neuroendocrine regulation. Prenatal and neonatal factors (e.g., gestational diabetes of the mother). Dietary factors, from nutrient content to young people's food preferences. Physical activity versus sedentary behavior. Epidemiology of Obesity in Children and Adolescents is necessary reading for the range of professionals involved in curtailing this epidemic, including public health specialists, epidemiologists, pediatricians, nurses, nutritionists, psychologists, health educators, and policymakers. -- Provided by publisher