Enzymology and Molecular Biology of Carbonyl Metabolism 5

Since the inception of these meetings in 1982, they have always been a satellite of the International Society for Biomedical Research on Alcoholism meeting. At our 1992 meeting in Dublin we learned that the next ISBRA meeting would be held in Brisbane, of all our previous meetings, I was very concerned Australia. As the scientific organizer about holding a meeting in the Southern Hemisphere for fear that many of our potential participants would not travel that far. I am pleased to say that I was proven to be incorrect. Nearly 90 scientists from a dozen countries participated at our seventh conference. At this meeting, like at all our previous ones, much new information about the three enzyme systems was presented. Of equal importance was, like at all our previous meetings, the extreme openness of the participants to discuss ideas, future directions and unpublished data. On behalf of all the participants I wish to express our sincere thanks to our Massey University colleagues for the excellent organization of this Palmerston North, New Zealand meeting. These included Kathryn Kitson, Michael Hardman, Paul Buckley, Trevor Kitson and Len Blackwell. At this meeting a few new innovations were introduced. Though posters are common at many meetings, bush walks and visits to nature preserves to see kiwi birds Our hosts were able to secure support from the International Union of Biochemistry are not. Front Matter....Pages i-xi Site Directed Mutagenesis to Probe for Active Site Components of Liver Mitochondrial Aldehyde Dehydrogenase....Pages 1-7 Substrate Binding Pocket Structure of Human Aldehyde Dehydrogenases....Pages 9-16 Human Class 1 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase....Pages 17-23 Nitrate Esters as Inhibitors and Substrates of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase....Pages 25-34 Use of a Chromophoric Reporter Group to Probe the Active Site of Cytosolic Aldehyde Dehydrogenase....Pages 35-43 Studies of the Esterase Activity of Cytosolic Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Using Sterically Hindered and Cyclic Substrates....Pages 45-52 The Reduction of Propionic Anhydride by Aldehyde Dehydrogenase-NADH Mixtures at pH 7....Pages 53-60 Cloning and Characterisation of the cDNA for Sheep Liver Cytosolic Aldehyde Dehydrogenase....Pages 61-66 Crystallization of Sheep Liver Cytosolic Aldehyde Dehydrogenase in a form Suitable for High Resolution X-Ray Structural Analysis....Pages 67-70 Progress Toward the Tertiary Structure of (Class 3) Aldehyde Dehydrogenase....Pages 71-77 UDP-Glucose Dehydrogenase....Pages 79-84 Kinetic Studies on Class 3 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase from Bovine Cornea....Pages 85-92 Covalent Modification of Class 2 and Class 3 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase by 4-Hydroxynonenal....Pages 93-101 Constitutive and Overexpressed Human Cytosolic Class-3 Aldehyde Dehydrogenases in Normal and Neoplastic Cells/Secretions....Pages 103-114 Metabolism of Cyclophosphamide by Aldehyde Dehydrogenases....Pages 115-122 Tissue-Specific Expression and Preliminary Functional Analysis of the 5’ Flanking Regions of the Human Mitochondrial Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ( ALDH2 ) Gene....Pages 123-130 Transgenesis of the Aldehyde Dehydrogenase-2 ( ALDH2 ) Locus in a Mouse Model and in Cultured Human Cells....Pages 131-136 Class 3 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase....Pages 137-141 Studies on the Induction of Rat Class 3 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase....Pages 143-149 Mouse Class 3 Aldehyde Dehydrogenases....Pages 151-158 Cloning and Characterization of Genes Encoding Four Additional Human Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Isozymes....Pages 159-168 New Human Aldehyde Dehydrogenases....Pages 169-172 Retinoic Acid Synthesizing Enzymes in the Embryonic and Adult Vertebrate....Pages 173-183 Retinoic Acid Synthesis in the Developing Spinal Cord....Pages 185-192 Structure and Mechanism of Aldehyde Reductase....Pages 193-201 Expression of Human and Rat Carbonyl Reductase in E. Coli....Pages 203-209 Molecular Cloning and Sequencing of Mouse Hepatic 11ß-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase/Carbonyl Reductase....Pages 211-221 Molecular Modelling Calculations on the Binding of D- and L-Xylose to Wild-Type Aldose Reductase and its H110Q and H110A Mutants....Pages 223-227 Stopped-Flow Studies of Human Aldose Reductase Reveal which Enzyme form Predominates During Steady-State Turnover in Either Reaction Direction....Pages 229-240 Lysine Residues in the Coenzyme-Binding Region of Mouse Lung Carbonyl Reductase....Pages 241-248 Substrate Specificity and Kinetic Mechanism of Tetrahymena 20α-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase....Pages 249-258 Purification and Characterization of Recombinant Human Placental and Rat Lens Aldose Reductases Expressed in Escherichia Coli....Pages 259-268 Rat and Human Bile Acid Binders are Members of the Monomeric Reductase Gene Family....Pages 269-280 The Alcohol Dehydrogenase System....Pages 281-294 Promoters of the Mammalian Class III Alcohol Dehydrogenase Genes....Pages 295-300 Class I and Class IV Alcohol Dehydrogenase (Retinol Dehydrogenase) Gene Expression in Mouse Embryos....Pages 301-313 Molecular Evolution of Class I Alcohol Dehydrogenases in Primates....Pages 315-320 The Role of Leucine 116 in Determining Substrate Specificity in Human B 1 Alcohol Dehydrogenase....Pages 321-325 Mutations of Human Class III Alcohol Dehydrogenase....Pages 327-330 Human and Rat Class IV Alcohol Dehydrogenases....Pages 331-339 Cloning and Expression of a Human Stomach Alcohol Dehydrogenase Isozyme....Pages 341-347 Purification and Properties of Murine Corneal Alcohol Dehydrogenase....Pages 349-354 Mammalian Class VI Alcohol Dehydrogenase....Pages 355-364 Crystallizations of Novel Forms of Alcohol Dehydrogenase....Pages 365-371 Human Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Gene....Pages 373-381 Short-Chain Dehydrogenases/Reductases....Pages 383-395 Zinc Binding of Alcohol and Sorbitol Dehydrogenases....Pages 397-406 Horse Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase-Catalyzed Aldehyde Oxidation....Pages 407-415 Analytical Approaches to Alcohol Dehydrogenase Structures....Pages 417-426 Purification and Characterization of S -Formylglutathione Hydrolase from Human, Rat and Fish Tissues....Pages 427-433 Useful Mutants of Zymomonas Mobilis Alcohol Dehydrogenase-2 Obtained by the Use of Polymerase Chain Reaction Random Mutagenesis....Pages 435-440 Back Matter....Pages 441-442