Environmental Technology : Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Environmental Technology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, June 22–26, 1987

Five billion people, at present the world population, inevitably affect the quality of the environment. The general public in an increasing number of countries is getting more and more concerned about this deterioration in quality. As a result many people cast doubts upon the desirability of the increase in energy consumption, the production of superfluous goods, ever-growing waste flows, harmful emissions of industrial processes, and so on. Actually, no one can simply ignore these issues. For instance, the authorities could introduce more environmental legislation aiming at a healthy environment; industries could change to cleaner production processes; the public at large should assume an even more conservation-minded attitude rather than confine themselves to shaking a finger at 'the industry'. In short, in all sectors of society there are often numerous ways and means of curbing environmental pollution. Clearly, environmental technology - the development and application of techniques to identify, quantify and reduce environmental problems - can make a substantial contribution here in many situations. Until now a large number of such new techniques have been developed. Many of these techniques not only appear to add greatly to reducing the burden on the environment, they sometimes also offer interesting economic advantages (savings in raw material and energy, etc.). Front Matter....Pages I-XVIII Introduction....Pages 1-2 Front Matter....Pages 3-3 Combined-Cycle Power Generation — A Promising Alternative for the Generation of Electric Power from Coal....Pages 5-17 A Proposal for the Energy Infra-Structure of Atatürk Organized Industrial District in Izmir....Pages 18-27 Fluidized Bed Combustion Technology for Low Grade Lignite Utilization in Turkey....Pages 28-36 Pressurised Combustion - A New Tool in Emission Abatement....Pages 37-42 Safety Assessment and the Selection of Detergent Raw Materials....Pages 43-48 Thermodynamic Analysis of Solar Powered Absorption Refrigeration Systems for Comparison of Working Fluids....Pages 49-51 Front Matter....Pages 53-53 Process Integrated Environmental Technology a Must to Survive....Pages 55-66 The Development of Clean Technology Phosphate Fertilizer Production Processes....Pages 67-68 Hydrolysis of Waste Paper....Pages 69-76 The effect of processing on the heavy metal content in compost....Pages 77-86 Autothermal Incineration of Waste Water Sludge in a Fluid Bed Furnace....Pages 87-95 Dealing with Environmental Affairs in the Dutch Sugar Industry....Pages 96-109 Removal of Nitrogen Compounds from Waste Water....Pages 110-113 Cleaner Technologies in Denmark - Examples and Experiences....Pages 114-120 The Application of the Best Practicable Environmental Option to Pollution Control In 1987....Pages 121-144 Removal of Cadmium by Anion Exchange in a Wet Phosphoric Acid Process....Pages 145-147 Cadmium Incorporation in Calcium Sulfate Modifications....Pages 148-150 Removal of Cadmium from Phosphoric Acid Solutions by Selective Coprecipitation in a Minor Amount of Anhydrite....Pages 151-152 A Clean Technology Phosphoric Acid Process....Pages 153-154 Front Matter....Pages 155-155 Abatement of HCL and HF Emissions from Waste Incinerators by Injection of Hydrated Lime....Pages 157-164 Residual products from flue gas desulphurization by spray-dryer method - technical and economic aspects of their disposal and recovery for utilization....Pages 165-181 Treatment of industrial emissions and waste “Flue gas treatment according to the BF/UHDE process”....Pages 182-193 Technical/Economical Developments of Fluegas Desulphurization (FGD) Installations....Pages 194-210 The Bischoff Flue Gas Desulfurization Process in the Power Plants of Borssele and Maasvlakte in the Netherlands....Pages 211-223 The Biological Treatment of Waste Gases from Small Urban Sources (Emission of Volatile Organic Compounds)....Pages 224-230 Biofiltration - A Relatively Cheap and Effective Method of Waste Gas Treatment....Pages 231-237 Experience with Full-Scale Biopaq — U.A.S.B.—Plants Treating Various Types of Effluent....Pages 238-246 Wet Air Oxidation of Toxic Wastewater....Pages 247-255 Thermochemical Treatment of Solid Waste Obtained from Pulp and Paper Factory with 15% Acetic Acid and NaOH for Conversion to Crudes....Pages 256-262 Ozonation of The Aqueous Layers Obtained from Thermochemical Treatment of Solid Waste with 15% Acetic Acid and NaOH....Pages 263-274 Chloroff, A Non-Destructive Dechlorination Process....Pages 275-283 Electrochemical Treatment of Organohalogens in Process Waste Waters....Pages 284-293 Recovery of Heavy Metals by Crystallization in the Pelletreactor....Pages 294-303 Removal of Arsenic from Waste Waters of the Lead Glass Industry....Pages 304-313 Mercury Removal by Activated Carbon Process....Pages 314-322 Fate of Some Trace Elements in Combustion and Gasification Processes....Pages 323-333 Reduction of the Cadmium Content of Waste Gypsum Produced by the DSM-Phosphoric Acid Plant at Pernis....Pages 334-336 Investigations of the Adsorptive Removal and Recovery of Halocarbons....Pages 337-339 The Use of Zoogloae ramigera for Removal and Recovery of Cr +6 Ions from Industrial Waste Waters....Pages 340-342 Front Matter....Pages 155-155 Inactivation of Sewage Sludges with Calcium Oxide Prior to Agricultural Uses....Pages 343-348 Fly-Ashes in Soil Improvement....Pages 349-351 Vegetation Establishment on Fly Ash Ponds by Means of Hydroseeding....Pages 352-354 Atmospheric Probing with Lidar....Pages 355-357 VT-Biofilter....Pages 358-360 Removal of Heavy Metals and Dioxins in Flue Gases from Waste to Energy Plants....Pages 361-363 Front Matter....Pages 365-365 Designing of Products in View of Recycling....Pages 367-376 Electrodeposited Aluminium by the SIGAL R -process. A superior coating for corrosion protection as an alternative to cadmium and zinc coatings....Pages 377-382 Economic Aspects of Environmental Product Design....Pages 383-390 Waste Prevention in the Ecological Building Project of Delft University of Technology....Pages 391-396 Front Matter....Pages 397-397 Application of Some Waste Materials in Hydraulic Engineering....Pages 399-410 The Processing of Industrial Waste for Immobilization and/or Recycling Applying Pozzolanic Reactions....Pages 411-421 Utilization of Industrial Waste Gypsum for the Manufacture of Gypsum-Bonded Particleboards in a Semi-Dry Process....Pages 422-430 The Use of Concrete and Masonry Waste as Aggregates for Concrete Production in Het Netherlands....Pages 431-440 Utilization of Residues of Desulphurization and Denitrification Technologies....Pages 441-447 Glass-Recycling....Pages 448-456 Photometric Sorting of cullet....Pages 457-465 The Use of Off-Gas C0 2 in Greenhouses. Removal of NO x and Ethylene....Pages 466-475 Product Development Needs of Waste Management....Pages 476-478 Front Matter....Pages 479-479 Review of Soil Treatment Techniques in the Netherlands....Pages 481-492 Front Matter....Pages 479-479 In Situ Remedial Action Techniques for Treatment of Contaminated Soil and Groundwater by Means of Groundwater Extraction and Infiltration Techniques....Pages 493-501 Cleaning Soils Contaminated with Heavy Metals....Pages 502-512 Steam Stripping Organic Compounds from Contaminated Waters....Pages 513-519 Extractive Cleaning of Heavy Metal Contaminated Clay Soils....Pages 520-528 Characterization and Remidiation of Coking Plant Sites in the Ruhr Territory....Pages 529-538 In Situ Remedial Action of Cadmium Polluted Soil....Pages 539-548 Need and Availability of Cover Material for Landfill Sites in South Wales....Pages 549-558 Development of Technology for Contaminated Dredged Material Remediation....Pages 559-567 Research on Polluted Sediment....Pages 568-576 Cone Penetration Testing in Relation to Environmental Problems....Pages 577-586 Re-Infiltration of Waste Tip Leachate: An Inexpensive Alternative....Pages 587-592 Nitrate Removal from Ground Water....Pages 593-603 Nitrates in Groundwater....Pages 604-609 INDAVER N.V. — A New Industrial Waste Treatment Plant in Belgium....Pages 610-613 Methodological Evaluation of Containment Strategies....Pages 614-616 The Use of Diaphragm Walls of Over 50 Meter Deep to Stop Spreading of Contamination....Pages 617-618 Leaching of Cyanides....Pages 619-621 Polymeric flocculants in waste water treatment and in sludge dewatering - technical and economical aspects....Pages 622-623 On-Site Application of Trickling Filter and Rotating Biocontactor in Treatment of Groundwater, Polluted with Chlorinated Hydrocarbons....Pages 624-626 Pollution-Controlling Effect of Adsorbing Materials on the Leaching of Pollutants from Dredging Spoil Depots....Pages 627-629 Front Matter....Pages 479-479 Characterization and Environmental Effects of Sludges Produced by Metallurgical Factory....Pages 630-634 Recovery of Chemical Wastes - Results of a Danish Case Study and Implications for Other Countries....Pages 635-637 Waste Management....Pages 638-640 Front Matter....Pages 641-641 Implementation of energysaving and environmental technologies....Pages 643-652 Innovative Strategies in the Environmental Industry -An International Comparison....Pages 653-661 Risk Analysis as a Rational Basis for Soil Protection and Contaminated Land Clean Up....Pages 662-670 Methods for Assessing the Risk of Environmental Contamination....Pages 671-681 Risk Analysis and Risk Policy in the Netherlands....Pages 682-689 Growth of Environmental Technology as Foreseen by the Recent Administrative and Legislative Developments....Pages 690-697 Development of Appropriate Technology and Way Out for Environmentral Protection of China—A Way for the Developing Countries Like China....Pages 698-706 Surabaya Indonesia: Options in Solid Waste Management....Pages 707-715 Application of The UASB-Process for Anaerobic Treatment of Municipal Wastewater under (Sub)Tropical Conditions....Pages 716-728 Wastewater Treatment Technology for Developing Countries....Pages 729-739 A Waste Reduction Program and Assessment of Current Status for Illinois....Pages 740-749 Towards a Network for Environmental Transfer....Pages 750-754 Research and Development of Environmental Biotechnology in the Netherlands....Pages 755-762 American Nongovernmental Organizations’ Role in Promoting Waste Reduction and Clean Technology Transfer....Pages 763-772 The Waste Water Sanitation Program of Gist-Brocade N.V. Location Delft....Pages 773-776 Environmental Technology and Ecologization....Pages 777-783 Optimization of Environmental Policy by Integrated Environmental Research....Pages 784-787 Front Matter....Pages 641-641 National Environmental Centre....Pages 788-794 Environmental Care Programme: Exploring the market for environmental technology....Pages 795-805 Innovation and Pollution Abatement....Pages 806-808 A Micro-Computer Package for Calculating the Cost of Waste Management Options....Pages 809-811 Hazardous Waste Management on the Regional, Macroregional and National Levels....Pages 812-816 Siting of Industries and Status of Wetland Ecosystem on the Indian Coast....Pages 817-817 Back Matter....Pages 819-826