Environmental Security Assessment and Management of Obsolete Pesticides in Southeast Europe (NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security)

The present work is a fine contribution to the broad field of environmental security in the context of risk assessment and management of obsolete pesticides for the region of Southeast Europe. The purpose of this book is to evaluate the existing knowledge of improper disposal of obsolete pesticides in the region, to estimate the associated impact on environmental health, and to develop recommendations to mitigate or eliminate threats posed to the environment, biodiversity and human life. The issues discussed in the book include: reviews of the transport and fate of pesticides and associated contaminated materials in different environmental media and identification of the principal sources, emission routes and patterns of environmental pollution with pesticides; a recognition of the most suitable methods for environmental sampling analysis and sample preparation; an evaluation of the current methods and techniques for chemical and mass analysis of environmental and biological samples and discussion of the metrological and quality aspects of trace analyses; a characterization of the environmental and human health impacts of pesticide pollution, the health effects associated with acute and chronic exposure and the use of epidemiological data for risk assessment; a revision of the existing chemical safety regulations and strategies for protection and management of obsolete pesticide stocks; a survey of the international conventions, directives and standards concerning pesticide use. Front Matter....Pages i-xvii Obsolete Pesticides – A Threat to Environment, Biodiversity and Human Health....Pages 1-21 Designing Good Sampling Plans for Characterizing Pesticide Pollution....Pages 23-36 Analytical Approaches for Sampling and Sample Preparation for Pesticides Analysis in Environmental, Food and Biological Samples....Pages 37-54 The Problem of Seeking Environmentally Sound Development: The Case of Obsolete Pesticides Assessment Models....Pages 55-68 Exposure Assessment to Hazardous Pesticides – Strategies to Reduce Human and Environmental Risks....Pages 69-83 Psychosomatic and Psychosocial Aspects of Risk Perception....Pages 85-90 Enantioselectivity of Chiral Pesticides in the Environment....Pages 91-102 Health Effects Associated with Acute and Chronic Exposure to Pesticides....Pages 103-110 Pollutants Biotransformation....Pages 111-117 The History, Toxicity and Adverse Human Health and Environmental Effects Related to the Use of Agent Orange....Pages 119-130 The History of Organic Arsenical Pesticides and Health Risks Related to the Use of Agent Blue....Pages 131-138 Neurodevelopmental and Neurobehavioral Effects of Organophosphate Pesticides Exposure in Newborns and Children....Pages 139-145 Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure in Humans – Is Prevention Possible?....Pages 147-154 Degradation of Pesticides by TiO 2 Photocatalysis....Pages 155-163 Safe Management and Disposal of Obsolete Pesticides (DDT) from the Institute of Public Health....Pages 165-172 Pesticides Mechanisms of Action in Living Organisms....Pages 173-184 Factors Influencing Pesticide Risks for Children....Pages 185-200 Chromatographic Methods for Determination of Chlorophenols as Biomarkers of Exposure to Pesticides and Organochlorine Substances....Pages 201-207 Environmental and Health Situation with Obsolete Pesticides in Egypt....Pages 209-218 Analytical Method for Determination of Some Priority Substances in Surface and Ground Water Samples by Liquid Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry....Pages 219-227 Structural Changes of Biological Compartments in Danube Delta Systems Due to Persistent Organic Pollutants and Toxic Metals....Pages 229-248 Quantitative Fire Risk Assessment Procedure at Pesticide Storage Facilities in Romania....Pages 249-256 Distribution and Quantification of Pesticides in Processed Wheat Grain Fractions....Pages 257-264 Organochlorine and Organophosphate Pesticides Determination in Plants Used for Cosmetic Purposes....Pages 265-270 Green Chemistry Protocols: Specific Ionic Liquids as Recyclable Reagents, Catalysts, Solvents and Extractors....Pages 271-286 Relative Liver Weight in Rats Subacutely Exposed to Polychlorinated Biphenyls....Pages 287-294 Analysis of Organochlorine Pesticides in Black Sea Sediments....Pages 295-300 Pesticides and Residues in Different Media with Especial Regard to Waters in Hungary....Pages 301-309 Possible Use of Certain Mineral Raw Materials of Moldova for DDTs and HCHs Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions....Pages 311-321 Inventory and Status of Persistent Organic Pollutants – Pesticides in Croatia....Pages 323-332 Some Institutional Aspects and Technological Approaches to Cleaning of Polluted Territories from Obsolete Pesticides in the Russian Federation Under the Framework of Synergism Between the Basel, Stockholm and Rotterdam Conventions....Pages 333-350 Environmental Security Assessment Based on the Cytogenetic Estimation of Mutagenicity and Human Health in Ukraine....Pages 351-364 Method Validation for Pesticides Identification....Pages 365-379 Analytical Study of Obsolete Pesticides Stockpiles in the Republic of Moldova into Nato Science for Peace Project “Clean-Up Chemicals – Moldova”....Pages 381-395 Definition of the Tasks for the Eu-Phare Danube Regional Pesticide Study Project 1995–1997....Pages 397-404 The Danube Regional Pesticide Study Project 1995–1997: A Brief Synthesis of the Results....Pages 405-411 Principles and Application of the Integrated Pest Management Approach. Biological Pesticides....Pages 413-432 Initiatives and Actions on the Elimination of Obsolete Pesticides Risks/Hazards in the Republic of Moldova....Pages 433-448 General Approaches and Procedures for Pesticide Legislation....Pages 449-470 Back Matter....Pages 471-475