Entrepreneurship Education: A Lifelong Learning Approach (contributions To Management Science) Hardcover

"This book explores how entrepreneurship education can be embedded throughout the learner's lifetime. To date, entrepreneurship education has tended to begin on an ad hoc basis at the higher education level: some institutions offer it as an elective or compulsory course, while others offer it as a degree program. In most countries, entrepreneurship has not yet been widely adopted in the core curriculum, and formal entrepreneurship education is almost exclusively offered to young learners. In addition to presenting critical views on who can benefit from entrepreneurship education, including children/schoolchildren, students in higher education and older people, the book proposes a model of holistic entrepreneurship education to promote a lifelong learning journey for educators and learners alike."-- prové de l'editor Contents 6 Entrepreneurship Education, Pedagogy and Delivery 7 1 Defining Entrepreneurship Education 7 2 Pedagogical and Andragogical Learning of Entrepreneurship 9 3 Conceptual Framework for Entrepreneurship Education 11 4 Entrepreneurship Education and Lifelong Learning 13 References 15 Entrepreneurship Education in UK Secondary Education 17 1 Introduction 17 2 Overview 18 3 National Curriculum in the UK 18 3.1 Current Position of EE in the National Curriculum 19 3.2 Measurement of Success of EE in the UK Secondary Schools 19 4 Entrepreneurship Education in UK Secondary Schools 20 4.1 Scotland 20 4.2 Wales 21 4.3 Northern Ireland 21 4.4 Current Position of EE in the School Curriculum 22 5 Assessment of the Impacts of EE in UK Secondary Schools 23 5.1 Key Achievements—Positive Impacts Achieved if EE Is Embedded into School Curriculums 23 5.2 Enhanced Employability and Enterprise Skills 23 5.3 Higher Level of Staff Motivation 24 5.4 Improved Retention of Students 24 5.5 Influential Factors of Successful EE Delivery in Schools 24 6 Successful Case Studies of EE in UK State Schools in Collaboration with Young Enterprise 25 7 Successful Case Studies of EE in UK Private Schools in Collaboration with Young Enterprise 29 8 EE in UK Further Education (FE) Colleges 30 9 Key Challenges of Entrepreneurship Education in UK Secondary Schools 31 9.1 Lack of Teaching Resources, Training and Support 32 9.2 Lack of Embedding Entrepreneurship Education 32 9.3 Insufficient Attention on Gender Impacts on EE 33 10 Future Outlook of EE and Trends 33 10.1 National Standard for Enterprise Education 34 10.2 The National Enterprise Teacher Award 34 10.3 A Guide to Enterprise Education for Teachers and Leaders at Schools 34 10.4 Impact Evaluation Framework—England 34 11 International Collaboration of EE in UK Secondary Education 35 11.1 EE in EU Nations 35 11.2 Creative Entrepreneurship in Schools (CENTRES) Project 36 11.3 Norway 36 12 International Experience of Promoting Enterprise Education 37 12.1 Australia 37 12.2 New Zealand 37 13 Recommendations 38 13.1 Integration of EE into National Curricula and School Curriculum 38 13.2 Entrepreneurship Training for Teaching Staff 38 References 39 Addressing the Pre/Post-university Pedagogy of Entrepreneurship Coherent with Learning Theories 41 1 Introduction 41 2 Pedagogical Issues of EE 43 3 Learning Theories for Teaching Entrepreneurship 45 3.1 The Perspective of Pragmatism 45 3.2 The Cultural-Historical Framework 52 4 Discussion 55 5 Conclusions 58 References 60 The Role of University-Level Entrepreneurship Education in Creating New Enterprises 65 1 Introduction 65 2 Entrepreneurship Education 67 3 Experiential Approach 68 4 Entrepreneurial Process-Based Education 69 5 Empirical Research and Methodology 70 6 Four Cases of Experimental Venture Creation 71 7 Findings and Discussion About Venture Creation During Entrepreneurship Education 75 7.1 Entrepreneurship Studies at the University of Tartu 75 7.2 Differences and Similarities of Venture Creation During the Third and Fourth Stages of the EP 76 7.3 Concept Development in the Context of Entrepreneurship Education 77 7.4 Business Development in the Context of Entrepreneurship Education 78 8 Conclusion 79 References 80 Student Social Enterprise Engagement: Capturing Process, Benefits and Measuring Social Value 83 1 Introduction 84 2 Methodology 84 3 Results and Discussion 85 4 Conclusion 90 References 90 Mentoring Senior Entrepreneurs 91 1 Introduction 91 2 The Phenomenon of Senior Entrepreneurship 92 3 Characteristics of Senior Entrepreneurs and Senior Entrepreneurship 94 4 Mentoring 96 5 Organisational Versus Entrepreneurship Mentoring 97 6 Mentoring Functions and Mentee Benefits 98 7 Towards a Mentoring Framework for Senior Entrepreneurship 100 8 Conclusion 103 References 104 Entrepreneurship Education for “Mature Preneurs”: The Role of Positive Psychology in Active Aging 107 1 Why Are We Interested in Mature Preneurs? 107 2 What Do We Know About Mature Preneurs Start-up Behavior? 108 3 Why Do “Mature Preneurs” Start Businesses After 50? 109 4 What Knowledge and Skills Do Mature Preneurs Need? 111 5 Required Knowledge for Mature Preneurs 112 6 Required Skills for Mature Preneurs 113 7 How Can Entrepreneurship Education Be Delivered to Mature Preneurs? 115 8 Heutagogical Principles 116 9 Heidiggerian Existential Philosophy 117 10 Positive Psychology Approach for Entrepreneurship Education 117 11 Introducing Positive Psychology and Critical Thinking into the EE curriculum 118 12 Mature Preneurs Talk Positive! An Application of Positive Psychology in Entrepreneurship Education 119 13 Entrepreneurial Challenge and Positive Psychology 122 14 Eight Life Lessons I Learned from Climbing Mount Shasta (Karen Skelton 2019) 122 14.1 The Longest Distance Between Point A and B Is Between Your Two Ears 123 14.2 When You Fall, Get up 123 14.3 Don’t Drop Your Ice Axe 123 14.4 Be Prepared 124 14.5 Minimize Your Stuff 124 14.6 There’s No Reason to Be Self-conscious 124 14.7 Bring an Offering 124 14.8 Respect the Mountain 125 15 Conclusion 125 References 125 Understanding the Barriers Faced by Older Entrepreneurs: A Case Study of a “Silver Workers” Project 128 1 Contextual Background 128 2 Literature Review 130 2.1 Older Entrepreneurs 130 2.2 Barriers to Entrepreneurship Amongst Older People 133 2.3 Policy Implications 138 3 Case Studies: ERASMUS “Silver Worker” Project 140 3.1 Recruitment on to the Programme 141 3.2 Some Findings and Lessons 141 4 Conclusion 144 References 145 Front Matter ....Pages i-v Entrepreneurship Education, Pedagogy and Delivery (Annafatmawaty Binti Ismail, Sukanlaya Sawang)....Pages 1-10 Entrepreneurship Education in UK Secondary Education (Stella Zhixin Xu)....Pages 11-34 Addressing the Pre/Post-university Pedagogy of Entrepreneurship Coherent with Learning Theories (Alexandros Kakouris, Daniele Morselli)....Pages 35-58 The Role of University-Level Entrepreneurship Education in Creating New Enterprises (Mervi Raudsaar, Piia Vettik-Leemet, Merike Kaseorg, Kaire Vahejõe)....Pages 59-76 Student Social Enterprise Engagement: Capturing Process, Benefits and Measuring Social Value (Arun Sukumar, Zimu Xu, Richard Tomlins)....Pages 77-84 Mentoring Senior Entrepreneurs (Andreas Walmsley, Ghulam Nabi)....Pages 85-100 Entrepreneurship Education for “Mature Preneurs”: The Role of Positive Psychology in Active Aging (Roxanne Zolin)....Pages 101-121 Understanding the Barriers Faced by Older Entrepreneurs: A Case Study of a “Silver Workers” Project (Hazel Squire)....Pages 123-144