Energy technology perspectives 2014: harnessing electricity's potential (International Energy Agency)

Starting from the premise that electricity will be an increasingly important vector in energy systems of the future, Energy Technology Perspectives 2014 (ETP 2014) takes a deep dive into actions needed to support deployment of sustainable options for generation, distribution and end-use consumption. In addition to modeling the global outlook to 2050 under different scenarios for more than 500 technology options, ETP 2014 explores the possibility of pushing the limits in six key areas: Solar Power: Possibly the Dominant Source by 2050; Natural Gas in Low-Carbon Electricity Systems; Electrifying Transport: How E-mobility Replace Oil; Electricity Storage: Costs, Value and Competitiveness; Attracting Finance for Low-Carbon Generation; and Power Generation in India. ETP 2014 purchase includes extensive downloadable data, figures and visualizations. Energy Technology Perspectives 2014 Table of Contents Introduction Foreword Executive Summary Acknowledgements Part 1 Setting the Scene Chapter 1 The Global Outlook Global modelling results Changes that alter previous energy projections Sector development in the future energy system Investment needs and fuel savings from transforming the energy system Policy action to lead the transition Chapter 2 Tracking Clean Energy Progress Renewable Power Nuclear Power Natural Gas-Fired Power Coal-Fired Power Carbon Capture and Storage Industry Chemicals and Petrochemicals Iron and Steel Transport Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles Biofuels Buildings Energy Efficiency Building Envelope Appliances and Equipment Co-generation and District Heating and Cooling Smart Grids Getting “Smart” about Staying on Line Technology Overview Notes Part 2 Harnessing Electricity's Potential Chapter 3 Electrification of the Energy System The increasingly essential and evolving role of electricity Implications for environment, security and economy Recommended actions for the near term Chapter 4 Solar Power: Possibly the Dominant Source by 2050 Solar technologies in the electricity system: Recent trends Future role of solar in the global electricity system Recommended actions for the near term Chapter 5 Natural Gas in Low-Carbon Electricity Systems Natural gas in the ETP 2014 scenarios: A summary Enabling gas-fired generation technologies to displace coal Flexible gas-fired generation to support VRE generation Recommended actions for the near term Chapter 6 Electrifying Transport: How Can E-Mobility Replace Oil? Electrifying transport modes: Technologies, time frames and opportunities The LETMIX The ETP 2014 2DS and 2DS-ET variant Recommended actions for the near term Chapter 7 Electricity Storage: Costs, Value and Competitiveness Appeal of storing electricity Applications for electricity storage Performance and costs of electricity storage technology Energy storage for system integration Grid storage requirements in the 2DS Recommended actions for the near term Chapter 8 Attracting Finance for Low-Carbon Generation Attracting financing resources The two extremes: Regulated utilities and competitive markets Intermediate solutions to promote low-carbon investments Recommended actions for the near term Chapter 9 Power Generation in India India’s low-carbon growth strategy The Indian power sector today Mid-term goals for the power sector Coal Gas Nuclear Hydropower Other renewable energy technologies Recommended actions for the near term Annexes Annex A Analytical Approach Annex B Abbreviations and Acronyms Annex C Definitions, Regional and Country Groupings and Units Annex D Lists of Figures, Tables and Boxes Starting from the premise that electricity will be an increasingly important vector in energy systems of the future, Energy Technology Perspectives 2014 (ETP 2014) takes a deep dive into actions needed to support deployment of sustainable options for generation, distribution and end-use consumption. In addition to modelling the global outlook to 2050 under different scenarios for more than 500 technology options, ETP 2014 explores the possibility of "pushing the limits" in six key areas: Solar Power: Possibly the Dominant Source by 2050; Natural Gas in Low-Carbon Electricity Systems; Electrifying Transport: How E-mobility Replace Oil; Electricity Storage: Costs, Value and Competitiveness; Attracting Finance for Low-Carbon Generation; and Power Generation in India. ETP 2014 purchase includes extensive downloadable data, figures and visualisations