Energy conservation indicators : A report. [1] Period 1979 to 1984 (EUR-10 [member countries])

Improved energy efficiency has been a central objective in energy strategy for the European Community since the first oil crisis. And in 1986 the Coun­ cil of Ministers went even further than before in setting the ambitious target of improving, by 1995, energy efficiency in the Community by 20 %. But how should progress along this road be measured? What kind of yardstick should be used to assess the success of programmes for improving energy effi­ ciency? Does a drop in energy demand or in the amount of energy apparently required to produce one unit of GOP necessarily mean that energy efficiency is improving? Conversely, does a rise in energy demand really mean the opposite? Or can it be explained by factors such as climate, the business cycle, longer-term structural changes in the economy, or shifts between energy sources? The development of the Energy Conservation Indicators - a methodology that breaks down energy consumption data into their component parts - represents the first product of the efforts by the Commission of the European Communi­ ties within the framework of the cooperation between the Directorate General for Science, Research and Development and the Directorate General for Energy to find the answers to these questions. It provides a detailed and consistent basis for measuring the energy intensity of the Community as well as of each of the Member States. Front Matter....Pages I-X Introduction....Pages 1-9 Aggregate Indicators and Findings....Pages 10-27 Residential Indicators....Pages 28-38 Indicators for the Agricultural/Commercial/Public Sector....Pages 39-45 Industrial Indicators....Pages 46-57 Transportation Indicators....Pages 58-68 Indicators for the Transformation Sector, Energy Distribution Losses and Foreign Trade in Derived Energy Products....Pages 69-79 Residential Indicators of the Member States....Pages 80-132 Indicators of the Agricultural/Commercial/Public Sector of the Member States....Pages 133-169 Industrial Indicators of Member States....Pages 170-223 Transportation Indicators....Pages 224-268 Indicators of the Transformation Sector, Distribution Losses and Foreign Trade in Derived Energy Products in the Member States....Pages 269-310 Data Sources and Literature....Pages 311-315 Back Matter....Pages 316-333 A report prepared for the Directorate-General Science, Research and Development, and Directorate-General Energy Commission of the European Communities T. Morović ... [et Al.]. Bibliography: P.