Energy and the environment : into the 1990s : proceedings of the 1st World Renewable Energy Congress, Reading, UK, 23-28 September 1990. Vol. 4

As the governments and peoples of the world come to face the global impact of the technological revolution, it is appropriate to consider the future of world energy supplies. This conference approached the task not only of developing the means of tapping renewable energy sources, but also of showing renewable energy to be a viable alternative to current, harmful sources of energy. Economic and educational problems were addressed along with the scientific ones. The development of alternative energy is of no use if it cannot be made economically viable or if people are not convinced of its advantages. Content: Pergamon Titles of Related Interest , Page ii Front Matter , Page iii Copyright , Page iv PREFACE , Pages v-vi PASSIVE AND LOW ENERGY ARCHITECTURE - FROM THE ENGINEERING VIEWPOINT , Pages 1-12 Renewable, Clean Energies Urgency - Solutions - Priorities , Pages 13-27 Renewable Energy and the Developing Countries , Pages 28-38 RECENT PROGRESS OF AMORPHOUS SILICON SOLAR CELLS , Pages 39-48 LARGE SCALE WIND POWER: A REVIEW , Pages 49-72 CONTINUING LONG-TERM HYDROCARBONS' DOMINANCE OF WORLD ENERGY MARKETS: AN ECONOMIC AND SOCIETAL NECESSITY , Pages 73-91 SOLAR ENERGY AND PEACE , Pages 92-100 PHOTOVOLTAICS - THE ROAD TO MATURITY , Pages 101-103 CRYSTALLINE SILICON SOLAR CELLS FOR ONE SUN UTILISATION , Pages 104-111 THE PRESENT STATUS OF PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY , Pages 112-119 CURRENT STATUS OF PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS , Pages 120-124 LOW COST METALLIZATION PROCESSES FOR BSF SOLAR CELLS , Pages 125-129 SOLAR CELL WITH IN SITU ENERGY STORAGE BASED ON THE PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL (PEC) EFFECT , Pages 130-134 FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS FOR SOLAR ENERGY CONVERSION , Pages 135-140 OPTIMUM THICKNESSES OF SOLAR MODULE FRONT LAYERS FOR MAXIMUM POWER OUTPUT , Pages 141-145 NICKEL CADMIUM BATTERIES IN PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS , Pages 146-152 TERRESTRIAL STABILITY OF ITO/InP SOLAR CELLS , Pages 153-158 PYRITE (5.42A)/SILICON (5.43A) FOR SOLAR CELLS , Pages 159-163 BECENT PROGRESS IN DOPED a-Sia PREPARED BY THERMAL EVAPORATION , Pages 164-169 AMORPHOUS SILICON PHOTOVOLTAICS , Pages 170-174 GRADED BANDGAP a-Si 1-x S x :H ALLOYS , Pages 175-179 DEGRADATION OF I-V CURVE CHARACTERISTICS OF AMORPHOUS SILICON MODULES EXPOSED TO SUNLIGHT , Pages 180-183 FLEXIBLE MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS FOR PHOTOVOLTAICS UNIQUE DESIGNS FROM GSI , Pages 184-188 PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CuInS 2 THIN FILMS , Pages 189-194 RECENT TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES IN THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS , Pages 195-199 PROPERTIES AND TIME-TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF THE DARK CONDUCTIVITY OF SPUTTERED CdS FILMS , Pages 200-204 PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER GENERATION: ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS , Pages 205-212 PRESENT AND FUTURE STATUS OF UTILIZATION OF PHOTOVOLTAICS IN PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA , Pages 213-220 THE TECHNOLOGY ISSUE OF PV , Pages 221-226 PV FINDS ACCEPTANCE IN THE PHILIPPINES , Pages 227-228 PHOTOVOLTAIC RURAL ELECTRIFICATION OF VILLAGE HAMMAM BIADHA - TUNISIA , Pages 229-233 STAND-ALONE PHOTOVOLTAICS IN CALIFORNIA , Pages 234-240 PV RURAL ELECTRIFICATION IN THE BOLIVIAN ALTIPLANE , Pages 241-245 30 kW PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR POWER PLANT IN THE AUSTRIAN ALPS , Pages 246-248 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF PHOTOVOLTAIC AT CAIRO , Pages 249-253 BETTER DESIGN OF PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAYS FOR SHADOW TOLERANCE , Pages 254-258 EXPERIENCE WITH PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS USE IN GHANA , Pages 259-263 Sun Tracking and Soft Concentration for PV Applications at the Test Field WIDDERSTALL , Pages 264-268 COMPUTER CONTROLLED MEASURING DEVICE FOR VOLTAGE CURRENT CHARACTERISTIC OF SOLAR GENERATORS , Pages 269-273 A SIMULATION AND OPTIMISATION MODEL FOR AUTONOMOUS ENERGY SYSTEMS , Pages 274-278 PVPRO: A NEW COMPUTER SIMULATION MODEL FOR STAND-ALONE PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS , Pages 279-283 A TWO-STATE MARKOVIAN ESTIMATION OF THE SIZE OF PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS , Pages 284-288 DESIGN OF WATER PUMPING WITH SOLAR ARRAY FIELD , Pages 289-293 SOLAR WATER OSCILLATION PUMPS FOR RURAL WATER SUPPLY , Pages 294-298 AN EXPERIENCE ON THE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF DUAL PHOTOVOLTAIC PUMPING SYSTEM , Pages 299-303 AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF PARAMETERS EFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC WATER PUMPING SYSTEM , Pages 304-308 A SOLAR ENERGY REFRIGERATOR WITH COLD STORAGE TANK FOR THE CONSERVATION OF VACCINES , Pages 309-313 DEVELOPMENT OF PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS FOR ARID ZONE OF INDIA , Pages 314-319 Colloidal Semiconductors in Solar Hydrogen Production , Pages 320-324 SEWAGE PLANT POWERED BY COMBINATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC, WIND AND BIOGAS ON THE ISLAND OF FEHMARN, F.R.G. , Pages 325-330 CONFLICTS OF INTEREST, TECHNICAL AND SOCIAL RATIONALITY: PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS IN A DIVIDED SOCIETY , Pages 331-336 APPLICATION OF SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS IN DETECTION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES , Pages 337-342 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SOLAR-CELL CdS FILMS , Pages 343-350 RADIATION DAMAGE IN SILICON SOLAR CELLS BY HELIUM IONS , Pages 351-356 UPGRADATION OF RICE-HUSK SILICON FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS , Pages 357-360 CHARACTERISATION AND EVALUATION OF EFFICIENCY AND DEGRADATION OF MONO AND POLY-CRYSTALLINE PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES , Pages 361-365 X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDY OF TEXTURE AND GROWTH OF R.F. SPUTTERED CdS FILMS , Pages 366-370 THE INFLUENCE OF THE CAPSULATION ON THE EFFICIENCY OF PV-MODULES , Pages 371-375 EFFECT OF SERIES RESISTANCE ON SOLAR CELL PERFORMANCE AT HIGH ILLUMINATION LEVELS , Pages 376-380 COMPLEX IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENTS FOR THE EVALUATION OF GRAIN BOUNDARY EFFECTS IN POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS FOR SOLAR CELLS , Pages 381-385 STRATEGY FOR SIZING SOLAR ENERGY COLLECTING SYSTEMS IN YEMEN , Pages 386-390 OPERATIONAL CONSTRAINTS ON THE INTRODUCTION OF DIRECT LOAD CONTROL IN ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS , Pages 391-397 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF CURRENT-VOLTAGE AND SPECTRAL RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOLAR CELLS , Pages 398-406 EFFECT OF THE MIDDLE N/P JUNCTION ON THE PROPERTIES OF AMORPHOUS TANDEM SOLAR CELLS , Pages 407-411 CADMIUM SULPHIDE-MEROCYANINE HETEROJUNCTIONS , Pages 412-416 Pr 3+ - Nd 3+ energy transfer in zinc tellurite glasses used as luminescent solar concentrators , Pages 417-421 CdS THIN FILM CHARACTERIZATION: STRUCTURE, CATHODOLUMINESCENCE AND PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY , Pages 422-427 THE FORMATION OF SPUTTERED Mo-Si INTERFACES , Pages 428-432 PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF CuInSe 2 FILMS FOR SOLAR CELL APPLICATION , Pages 433-437 MINORITY CARRIER DIFFUSION LENGTH IN InP SINGLE CRYSTALS AND CdSe THIN FILMS , Pages 438-442 VACUUM DEPOSITED CuInS 2 THIN FILMS: PROCESS AND PROPERTIES , Pages 443-447 THEORETICAL DETERMINATION OF MIS SOLAR CHARACTERISTICS , Pages 448-452 SPRAY PYROLYSIS OF InS THIN FILMS , Pages 453-457 PREPARATION OF IRON DISULFIDE AND ITS USE FOR SOLAR ENERGY CONVERSION , Pages 458-464 INCORPORATION OF CONSERVATION MEASURES IN LONG TERM ELECTRICITY DEMAND FORECASTING , Pages 465-471 REMOTE AREA POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS , Pages 472-475 MONITORING THE 10 kW p PHOTOVOLTAIC TEST FACILITY IN BERLIN , Pages 476-480 DESIGN OF PHOTOVOLTAIC BASED REMOTE AREA POWER SUPPLY FOR LEH , Pages 481-485 A STUDY OF THE INTERCONNECTION OF HAMMAM BIADHA P.V. POWER SYSTEM TO THE NATIONAL GRID , Pages 486-488 MEASUREMENT AND ESTIMATION OF CLEAR DAY INSOLASTION FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS , Pages 489-493 OPERATING TEMPERATURES OF PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS , Pages 494-498 POWER FROM MODULE AND EVALUATION OF SOME SOLAR PV SYSTEMS , Pages 499-503 THE PERFORMANCE OF A SILICON SOLAR CELL UNDER WATER , Pages 504-515 A PERSONAL COMPUTER SOFTWARE PACKAGE FOR THE DESIGN OF STAND ALONE SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEM , Pages 516-520 THE SIMULATION OF ENERGY FLOW THROUGH THE PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM , Pages 521-526 A CRITICAL-RUN LOSS OF POWER PROBABILITY METHOD FOR SIZING STAND-ALONE PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS WITH BATTERY STORAGE , Pages 527-531 PHOTOVOLTAIC POWEROPTIMISATION BY COMPUTERIZED SWITCHING ARRAY , Pages 532-535 ANALYSIS OF THE ENHANCEMENT IN THE PERFORMANCE OF PREFERENTIALLY DOPED POLYSILICON SOLAR CELLS , Pages 536-541 A model for photovoltaic lighting and refrigeration system , Pages 542-548 A STUDY OF SOLAR WATER PUMPING PARAMETERS FOR BAGHDAD AREA , Pages 549-556 EFFECT OF TECHNICAL AND METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE PV GENERATOR SIZE FOR WATER PUMPING IN EGYPT , Pages 557-561 ACCUMULATION OF ELECTRIC ENERGY FROM REGENERATIVE SOURCES INTO ELECTRIC BATTERIES , Pages 562-574 EXPERIENCES IN ENCOURAGING THE USE OF SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAICS IN INDONESIA , Pages 575-578 PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER A REMOTE APPLICATION - WEATHER STATION , Pages 579-583 SOLAR POWERED LIGHTING SYSTEM FOR THE WESTBANK & GAZA REMOTE AREAS , Pages 584-588 PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE AT LOCAL CONDITIONS , Pages 589-593 GRAZING INCIDENCE X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDY OF ALL-SPUTTERED AL/CdS AND CdS/AL INTERFACES , Pages 594-598