Encyclopedia of World History: The Expanding World - 600 CE to 1450 2

Historical Atlas List of Maps 6 List of Articles 7 List of Contributors 11 Chronology 15 Major Themes 27 Abbasid dynasty 41 Abelard, Peter and Heloise 42 A’isha 43 Albigensian Crusade 44 Alcuin 45 Alfred the Great 46 Ali ibn Abu Talib 47 Almoravid Empire 48 Andes: pre-Inca civilizations 50 Anglo-Norman culture 52 Anglo-Saxon culture 53 Anglo-Saxon kingdoms 55 An Lushan (An Lu-Shan) Rebellion 58 Anselm 59 anti-Jewish pogroms 60 Aquinas, Thomas 61 Aquitaine, Eleanor of 62 Ashikaga Shogunate 64 Athos, Mount 67 Averroës 68 Avignonese papacy 68 al-Azhar 71 Bacon, Roger 73 Baghdad 74 Bantu 76 Bayezid I 77 Becket, Thomas (Thomas à Becket) 78 Bede 79 Benin 79 Berbers 80 Bernard of Clairvaux 82 bhakti movements (devotional Hinduism) 82 Black Death 84 Blanche of Castile 85 Boccaccio, Giovanni 86 Bohemia 87 Boniface 89 Borobudur 89 Brahma 90 Brunelleschi, Filippo 91 Bruni, Leonardo 91 Bulgarian Empire 92 Bulgar invasions 94 Burma 95 Byzantine Empire: architecture, culture, and the arts 96 Byzantine Empire: political history 100 Caesaropapism 107 Caliphs, f rst four 108 Canute 109 Capet, Hugh 110 Carolingian dynasty 112 Carolingian Renaissance 114 Celtic Christianity 115 Chagatai Khanate 117 Champa kingdom 118 Charlemagne 119 Chaucer, Geoffrey 120 Chenla 121 Chinese poetry, golden age of 122 chivalry 123 Chola kingdom 125 Christian states of Spain 126 Chrysoloras, Manuel 130 Cluny 130 Columban of Leinster 132 Constance, Council of 132 Constantinople, massacre of 133 Crusades 134 Cyril and Methodios 136 Damascene, John 137 Danelaw 138 Dante Alighieri 139 Delhi Sultanate 140 Dhimmi 141 Divine Caliphate and the Ummah 142 Donatello 144 Dvaravati 145 East African city-states 147 Edward I and II 148 El Cid 149 English common law 150 Ericson, Leif 151 Ethiopian Empire 152 fairs of Champagne 155 Fatimid dynasty 156 feudalism: Europe 157 feudalism: Japan 159 Ficino, Marsilio 161 Firdawsi 162 Five Dynasties of China 163 Five, or Six, Pillars of Islam 164 Florence, Council of 166 Florentine Neoplatonism 167 Frankish tribe 169 Frederick I 170 Fujiwara clan 171 Gempei War 173 Genghis Khan 174 Genoa 176 Ghana, Mali, and Songhai 178 Ghaznavids 179 Ghazzali, Abu Hamid Muhammad, al- 180 Ghiberti, Lorenzo 180 Giotto di Bondone 182 Godfrey of Bouillon 183 gold and salt, kingdoms of 184 Golden Bull of 1356 185 Gothic and Romanesque styles 185 Grand Canal 187 Gratian 188 Greenland 188 Gregory Palamas 189 Gutenberg, Johann 190 Habsburg dynasty (early) 193 Haf z 195 Hangzhou (Hangchou) 195 Hanseatic League 196 Harsha Vardhana 198 Harun al-Rashid 199 Hausa city-states 200 Heian 200 Henry II 202 Henry IV 203 Henry V 205 Henry “the Navigator,” Prince 206 heresies, pre-Reformation 207 Hildegard of Bingen 209 Hindu epic literature 209 Hojo clan 211 Holy Roman Empire (early) 214 Honen Shonin (Honen Bo Genku) 219 Horns of Hattin, Battle of the 220 Huaxteca 221 Hugh Capet 222 Huizong (Hui-tsung) 222 Hulagu Khan 223 Hundred Years’ War 224 Huss, John (Jan Huss [Hus]) 228 Ibn Batuta 231 Ibn Khaldun 231 Ibn Sina 232 Ibn Taymiyya 233 iconoclasm 233 Île-de-France 235 Innocent III 235 Inquisition 236 Irene 238 Irish monastic scholarship, golden age of 238 Islam 241 Islam: art and architecture in the golden age 242 Islam: literature and music in the golden age 245 Islam: science and technology in the golden age 248 Islamic law 250 Isma’ilis 251 Italian city-states 252 Italian Renaissance 253 Jin (Chin) dynasty 261 Joachim of Flora 263 Joan of Arc 264 Kaifeng (K’ai-feng) 267 Kamakura Shogunate 268 Kanem Bornu 270 kanji and kana 271 Kemmu Restoration 271 Khmer kingdom 273 Kilkenny, Statutes of 275 Knights Templar, Knights Hospitallers, and Teutonic Knights 276 Kojiki and Nihon Shoki 277 Koryo dynasty 278 Kosovo, Battle of (1389) 280 Kubilai Khan 280 Ladislas 283 Lalibela 284 Lateran Councils, Third and Fourth 284 Latin states of the Crusades 286 Lazar I 289 Le dynasty of Annam 290 Liao dynasty 291 Lithuania, Grand Duchy of 293 Lombard, Peter 297 Louis IX 298 Magna Carta 299 Magyar invasions 300 Mahmud of Ghazni 302 Maimonides 303 Majapahit kingdom 304 medieval Europe: educational system 304 medieval Europe: sciences and medicine 306 Mehmed I 308 mendicants 311 Merovingian dynasty 313 Mesoamerica: Postclassic period 313 Mesoamerica: southeastern periphery 315 Ming dynasty 316 Mixtec and Zapotec 318 Mon 320 Mongke Khan 321 Mongol invasions of Japan 322 Mongol rule of Russia 322 Moravia 324 Moscow: Third Rome 325 Muhammad, the prophet 326 Muhammad of Ghur 327 Murasaki Shikibu 328 Muslim Spain 329 Nalanda 333 Nanjing (Nanking) 334 Naples 334 Nara 335 Neo-Confucianism 336 Nevsky, Alexander 341 Nicaea, Second Council of 342 Nicheren 343 Nicholas I 344 Nicholas V 345 Norman and Plantagenet kings of England 345 Norman Conquest of England 347 Norman kingdoms of Italy and Sicily 350 Ogotai Khan 353 Olaf I 354 Omar Khayyam 355 Onin War in Japan 355 Ottoman Empire: 1299–1453 357 Pallava kingdom 359 Papal States 360 Peasants’ Revolt 361 Pepin, Donation of 363 Petrarch (Francesco Petrarcha) 364 Philip II Augustus (Philip Augustus) 365 Philip IV 366 Pico della Mirandola 367 Pius II 368 Pizan, Christine de 368 Poland 369 Polo, Marco 371 Portugal 373 Printing, invention in China 374 Puranas 374 Quetzalcoatl 377 Quiché Maya 378 Qur’an 379 Rajput confederacies 381 Reconquest of Spain 382 Richard I 382 Roland, Song of 383 Rome, medieval 384 Rome, papacy in Renaissance 385 Rus (also Rus’) 387 Saladin (Salah ad Din, Yusuf ) 391 Salutati, Coluccio 392 Samarkand 392 samurai 394 Schism of 1054 395 Scholasticism 396 Scotland 398 Sejong 402 Seljuk dynasty 403 Shahnamah 404 Shi’ism 404 Shinran 405 Shiva 406 Shona 407 Shotoku Taishi 408 Siamese invasion of the Khmer kingdom 409 Silla dynasty 410 Sind, Arab conquest of 412 Sixtus IV 413 Song (Sung) dynasty 413 Srivijaya kingdom 415 Stephen I 416 Su Shi (Su Shih) 417 Subotai 418 Su sm 420 Sui dynasty 420 Sukhothai 422 Sundiata 423 Sviatoslav 424 Sylvester II 425 Taiho Code 427 Taika Reforms 428 Taira-Minamoto wars 428 Taizong (T’ang-tsung) 430 Taizu (T’ai-Tsu) 431 Talas River, Battle of 432 Tamil culture 432 Tang (T’ang) dynasty 433 Tarascans 436 Tenchi (Tenji) 436 Teutonic Knights 437 Thomas Aquinas 437 Tibetan kingdom 437 Timurlane (Tamerlane) 438 Toghon Temur Khan 439 Tours, Battle of 440 Truce and Peace of God 441 Tughlaq dynasty 442 Tului Khan 443 Uighur Empire 445 Umayyad dynasty 446 universities, European 448 Urban II 449 Urbino 450 Valla, Lorenzo 451 Venice 452 Verdun, Treaty of 453 Vijayanagara Empire 454 Vikings: Iceland, Icelandic sagas 455 Vikings: North America 456 Vikings: Norway, Sweden, and Denmark 456 Vikings: Russia 459 Vladimir I (Vladimir the Great) 460 Wales, English conquest of 463 Wang Anshi (Wang An-shih) 464 Wang Yangming (Wang Yang-ming) 465 Worms, Concordat of 466 Wu Zhao (Wu Chao) 466 Wycliffe, John 468 Xixia (Hsi Hsia) 469 Xuanzang (Hsuan-tsang) 470 Xuanzong (Hsuan-tsung) 471 Yarmuk, Battle of 473 Yaroslav the Wise 474 Yelu Chucai 475 Yongle (Yung-lo) 476 Yuan dynasty 477 Yue Fei (Yueh Fei) 479 Zen (Ch’an) Buddhism 481 Zhao Kuangyin (Chao K’uang-yin) 482 Zheng He (Cheng Ho) 482 Zhu Xi (Chu Hsi) 483 Zimbabwe 484 Resource Guide 487 Index 491 Photo Credits 509 Maps 510 V. 1. The Ancient World : Prehistoric Eras To 600 C.e. -- V. 2. The Expanding World : 600 C.e. To 1450 -- V. 3. The First Global Age : 1450 To 1750 -- V. 4. Age Of Revolution And Empire : 1750 To 1900 -- V. 5. Crisis And Achievement : 1900 To 1950 -- V. 6. The Contemporary World : 1950 To The Present -- V. 7. Primary Documents ; Master Index. Edited By Marsha E. Ackermann ... [et Al.]. Includes Bibliographical References And Indexes. Contains approximately two thousand essays that provide information on significant events, themes, and personalities in world history; arranged alphabetically within seven specific time periods, from the prehistoric era to the early twenty-first century, each with a chronology. Includes a selection of primary documents and a comprehensive index. Offers a balanced presentation of human history for a global perspective. Based on the National Standards for World History, this set is arranged in six chronological eras. Each volume era begins with essays that tackle large themes such as agriculture, science and technology, social and class relationships, trade and culture, and warfare.