Enabling Human Conduct : Studies of Talk-in-interaction in Honor of Emanuel A. Schegloff

This collection offers a multifaceted view of the life, research and impact of Emanuel A. Schegloff, the co-originator, with Harvey Sacks and Gail Jefferson, of Conversation Analysis (or CA), and its leading contemporary authority. The first section introduces Schegloff's life and work, and, using a series of interviews with him, provides a concise, comprehensive and accessible introduction to the field's major aims and achievements. Next many of the world's leading researchers from various disciplines – including Communication, Linguistics, Psycholinguistics, Linguistic Anthropology, and Sociology – build on Schegloff's foundational research, analyzing encounters from everyday and institutional settings (conducted in English, German, Korean, Mandarin, and Russian) to explicate how conversation and other conduct in interaction are organized. The final section of the book includes reflections on Schegloff's contributions by some of his major interlocutors and Schegloff's response to them. Enabling Human Conduct......Page 2 Editorial page......Page 3 Title page......Page 4 LCC data......Page 5 Table of contents......Page 6 1. Introduction......Page 8 2. Getting to know CA – and Manny......Page 10 3. Schegloff and the foundations of conversation analysis......Page 13 4. How conversation works: Investigations in Honor of Manny Schegloff......Page 16 5. Manny Schegloff: A few concluding remarks......Page 18 References......Page 19 A discussion with Emanuel A. Schegloff......Page 22 Reference......Page 57 A discussion with Emanuel A. Schegloff, Part 2......Page 62 References......Page 66 1. Introduction......Page 68 2. Data and methods......Page 71 3.1 Sequence type 1: Inferred purpose of a yes/no or fixed choice question is to seek an explanation......Page 72 3.2 Sequence Type 2: Inferred purpose of a request for confirmation is seeking response to an associated query......Page 75 3.3 Sequence Type 3: Inferred purpose of an open query is seeking information about a specific matter......Page 78 4. Discussion......Page 80 References......Page 83 1. Introduction......Page 86 1.1 Reversed polarity questions......Page 87 1.2 Type-conforming and non-conforming responses......Page 88 2. No sequentially appropriate slot for response......Page 90 3.1 Accepting the challenge......Page 93 3.2 Agreeing with the Challenge......Page 97 3.3 Agreeing with a challenge to a non-present party......Page 98 3.4 Treating the Question as Unanswerable......Page 99 4. Rejecting the challenge with type-conforming responses......Page 100 4.1 Rejecting the challenge by answering the question......Page 101 4.2 Backing Down......Page 105 5. Type-Conforming Joke Response......Page 107 6. Summary and Conclusion......Page 108 References......Page 110 1. Introduction......Page 112 2. Grantings and fulfillments of a request......Page 113 3. Data......Page 114 5. Overview: A request-response sequence......Page 115 6. Extended responding......Page 119 6.1 Co-construction and initiative......Page 121 References......Page 127 Appendix......Page 128 Abbreviations......Page 130 1. Introduction......Page 132 2. Remote proposals......Page 136 3. Data......Page 138 4. The social and syntactic design of remote proposals......Page 139 5. Analysis......Page 141 6. Concluding Remarks......Page 148 References......Page 149 1. Introduction......Page 152 2. Analysis......Page 156 3. Conclusion......Page 170 References......Page 171 Abbreviations......Page 173 1. Introduction......Page 174 2. Characteristics of PQs......Page 178 3. Selection principles of OIR formats......Page 184 4. Theoretical implications......Page 189 References......Page 191 1. Introduction......Page 196 2. Linguistically gendered terms can be chosen without making gender relevant to the action in which participants are engaged......Page 197 3. Linguistically gendered terms can be used as a resource for making gender relevant – but the relevance of gender can be negotiated and contested......Page 203 4. Gender is invoked or disattended over the course of an interaction in the interests of local interactional goals.......Page 207 References......Page 211 Preamble......Page 214 References......Page 216 1. Introduction......Page 218 2. Context, identities and forms of talk......Page 219 3. On failing to recognise the voice of an intimate......Page 224 4. Workplace calls......Page 226 5. Greetings exchanges......Page 227 6. Conclusion......Page 234 References......Page 235 1. Introduction......Page 238 2. Tacit and explicit practices for moving into closings......Page 241 3.1 Initiating closings tacitly in closing-implicative environments......Page 246 3.2 Designedly monotopical calls......Page 247 3.3 “Designedly last” topics......Page 251 3.4 Closing a “possibly last” topic......Page 254 3.5 Expanded pre-closing sequences......Page 265 4. Environments for explicit initiation of closings......Page 267 4.1 Non-interruptive uses of explicit closings......Page 271 5. Conclusions......Page 274 References......Page 275 Appendix: Transcription conventions for Russian......Page 277 Particles and Epistemics......Page 280 1. Introduction......Page 281 2. Oh in Anglo-American English......Page 282 3. Initial Ou in Mandarin Chinese......Page 284 4. Final A in Mandarin Chinese......Page 289 5.1 Responding to a question while indexing the question’s inappositeness or redundancy......Page 292 5.2 Oh-prefaced and a-finalized responses as escalated disagreement......Page 295 5.3 Oh-prefaced and a-finalized responses as independently arrived at......Page 298 6. Concluding discussion......Page 299 References......Page 302 Abbreviations......Page 304 1. Introduction......Page 306 2. On the emergent structuring of human conduct......Page 307 3.2 Adjusting hand gestures......Page 308 3.3 Adjusting Manual Action......Page 309 4. Action pivoting......Page 311 4.1 Turn-constructional pivots......Page 313 4.2 Gestural pivots......Page 314 4.3 Manual action pivots......Page 317 5.1 “One more thing”: Auto-involvement as a ready-made pivoting resource......Page 319 References......Page 320 1. Introduction......Page 322 2. The beginning stage: Casual observation about small-scale linguistic phenomena......Page 323 2.2 Timing in sounds, syllables, and words......Page 324 2.4 Reference and deixis......Page 325 3.1 Sentences......Page 326 3.3 Speech acts......Page 327 3.5 Prosody......Page 328 4.1 Language in its natural habitat......Page 329 5. Conclusion......Page 330 References......Page 331 1. Universal acid......Page 334 2. Some working presumptions about the interplay between language, culture and interaction......Page 336 3. Rossel Island, Papua New Guinea – the ramifications of kinship......Page 337 4. A mysterious genre of joke......Page 340 5. Culture and naming: The interplay between cultural systems and interactional systematics......Page 345 6. Models for the interaction of language, culture and interaction......Page 351 7. Conclusion......Page 354 References......Page 356 Reply to Levinson......Page 358 Subject Index......Page 362 Name Index......Page 366 5. Overview: A request-response sequence -- 6. Extended responding -- 6.1 Co-construction and initiative -- 7. Summary -- References -- Appendix -- Abbreviations -- Accepting remote proposals -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Remote proposals -- 3. Data -- 4. The social and syntactic design of remote proposals -- 5. Analysis -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- References -- Interactional uses of acknowledgment tokens -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Analysis -- 3. Conclusion -- References -- Abbreviations -- Selection principles of other-initiated repair turn formats -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Characteristics of PQs -- 3. Selection principles of OIR formats -- 4. Theoretical implications -- References -- Referring to persons -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Linguistically gendered terms can be chosen without making gender relevant to the action in which participants are engaged -- 3. Linguistically gendered terms can be used as a resource for making gender relevant - but the relevance of gender can be negotiated and contested -- 4. Gender is invoked or disattended over the course of an interaction in the interests of local interactional goals. -- References -- Out of context -- Preamble -- References -- Out of context -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Context, identities and forms of talk -- 3. On failing to recognise the voice of an intimate -- 4. Workplace calls -- 5. Greetings exchanges -- 6. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Opening up closings in Russian -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Tacit and explicit practices for moving into closings -- 3. Sequential placement of closing initiations -- 3.1 Initiating closings tacitly in closing-implicative environments -- 3.2 Designedly monotopical calls -- 3.3 "Designedly last" topics -- 3.4 Closing a "possibly last" topic -- 3.5 Expanded pre-closing sequences -- 4. Environments for explicit initiation of closings Enabling Human Conduct -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Schegloff and the founding of a discovering discipline -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Getting to know CA - and Manny -- 3. Schegloff and the foundations of conversation analysis -- 4. How conversation works: Investigations in Honor of Manny Schegloff -- 5. Manny Schegloff: A few concluding remarks -- References -- A discussion with Emanuel A. Schegloff -- Reference -- A discussion with Emanuel A. Schegloff, Part 2 -- References -- Inferring the purpose of a prior query and responding accordingly -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Data and methods -- 3. Analysis -- 3.1 Sequence type 1: Inferred purpose of a yes/no or fixed choice question is to seek an explanation -- 3.2 Sequence Type 2: Inferred purpose of a request for confirmation is seeking response to an associated query -- 3.3 Sequence Type 3: Inferred purpose of an open query is seeking information about a specific matter -- 4. Discussion -- References -- Responses to wh-question challenges -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Reversed polarity questions -- 1.2 Type-conforming and non-conforming responses -- 2. No sequentially appropriate slot for response -- 3. Non-conforming responses that align with the challenge -- 3.1 Accepting the challenge -- 3.2 Agreeing with the Challenge -- 3.3 Agreeing with a challenge to a non-present party -- 3.4 Treating the Question as Unanswerable -- 4. Rejecting the challenge with type-conforming responses -- 4.1 Rejecting the challenge by answering the question -- 4.2 Backing Down -- 5. Type-Conforming Joke Response -- 6. Summary and Conclusion -- References -- Extended responding -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Grantings and fulfillments of a request -- 3. Data -- 4. Customer service: The institutional context of requests and responses in calls for airline reservations 4.1 Non-interruptive uses of explicit closings -- 5. Conclusions -- References -- Appendix: Transcription conventions for Russian -- Particles and Epistemics -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Oh in Anglo-American English -- 3. Initial Ou in Mandarin Chinese -- 4. Final A in Mandarin Chinese -- 5. The Convergences -- 5.1 Responding to a question while indexing the question's inappositeness or redundancy -- 5.2 Oh-prefaced and a-finalized responses as escalated disagreement -- 5.3 Oh-prefaced and a-finalized responses as independently arrived at -- 6. Concluding discussion -- References -- Abbreviations -- On the practical re-intentionalization of body behavior -- 1. Introduction -- 2. On the emergent structuring of human conduct -- 3. Adjusting actions -- 3.1 Adjusting turn construction -- 3.2 Adjusting hand gestures -- 3.3 Adjusting Manual Action -- 4. Action pivoting -- 4.1 Turn-constructional pivots -- 4.2 Gestural pivots -- 4.3 Manual action pivots -- 5. Concluding remarks -- 5.1 "One more thing": Auto-involvement as a ready-made pivoting resource -- References -- What a difference forty years make -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The beginning stage: Casual observation about small-scale linguistic phenomena -- 2.1 Silence -- 2.2 Timing in sounds, syllables, and words -- 2.3 Non-lexical tokens -- 2.4 Reference and deixis -- 3. The middle stage: Serious engagement with large-scale linguistic phenomena -- 3.1 Sentences -- 3.2 Questions -- 3.3 Speech acts -- 3.4 Coherence -- 3.5 Prosody -- 4. The latest stage: Full-blown linguistic theorizing -- 4.1 Language in its natural habitat -- 4.2 Positionally sensitive grammars -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- Living with Manny's dangerous idea -- 1. Universal acid -- 2. Some working presumptions about the interplay between language, culture and interaction