Electrical Transmission Systems and Smart Grids : Selected Entries from the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology

Electric transmission networks are among the largest human-made engineering systems: For example, the transmission network in the United States covers over 300,000 km of lines and is served by 500 companies (electric utilities). In sharp contrast to the very incremental developments of the last century, transmission and control technologies experienced a major breakthrough at the beginning of the 21 st century. The rapid growth of new energy generation technologies (renewables), significant advances in information processing applied to system monitoring, planning, operation, control, and protection, radical changes in distribution networks, and key shifts in end user behavior (advanced metering and control of demand response) have combined to produce the modern integrated electrical infrastructure commonly referred to as the smart grid. Featuring state-of-the-art, peer-reviewed entries from the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology , this book provides a detailed introduction to select key topics which span energy technology, engineering, and urban planning. Worldwide experts discuss the integration of electric energy infrastructure into the broader critical infrastructures of the modern world and their various interdependencies. Dedicated chapters cover specific topics ranging from underground transmission and distribution, to energy and water interdependence, and their implications for urban areas. Coverage also includes the key role of new policy initiatives as catalysts of change. Electric transmission networks are among the largest human-made engineering systems: For example, the transmission network in the United States covers over 300,000 km of lines and is served by 500 companies (electric utilities). In sharp contrast to the very incremental developments of the last century, transmission and control technologies experienced a major breakthrough at the beginning of the 21st century. The rapid growth of new energy generation technologies (renewables), significant advances in information processing applied to system monitoring, planning, operation, control, and protection, radical changes in distribution networks, and key shifts in end user behavior (advanced metering and control of demand response) have combined to produce the modern integrated electrical infrastructure commonly referred to as the smart grid. Featuring state-of-the-art, peer-reviewed entries from the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, this book provides a detailed introduction to select key topics which span energy technology, engineering, and urban planning. Worldwide experts discuss the integration of electric energy infrastructure into the broader critical infrastructures of the modern world and their various interdependencies. Dedicated chapters cover specific topics ranging from underground transmission and distribution, to energy and water interdependence, and their implications for urban areas. Coverage also includes the key role of new policy initiatives as catalysts of change. Presents the latest information on technology and infrastructure development, as well as related policy issues Features extensive coverage of smart grids and electrical transmission and distribution systems, including the risk and causes of transmission blackouts and methodologies for their prevention and mitigation Provides an excellent introduction for those entering the field, as well as new insights for advanced researchers and industry experts. Electric transmission networks are among the largest human-made engineering systems: For example, the transmission network in the United States covers over 300,000 km of lines and is served by 500 companies (electric utilities). In sharp contrast to the very incremental developments of the last century, transmission and control technologies experienced a major breakthrough at the beginning of the 21st century. The rapid growth of new energy generation technologies (renewables), significant advances in information processing applied to system monitoring, planning, operation, control, and protection, radical changes in distribution networks, and key shifts in end user behavior (advanced metering and control of demand response) have combined to produce the modern integrated electrical infrastructure commonly referred to as the smart grid.Featuring state-of-the-art, peer-reviewed entries from the __Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology__, this book provides a detailed introduction to select key topics which span energy technology, engineering, and urban planning. Worldwide experts discuss the integration of electric energy infrastructure into the broader critical infrastructures of the modern world and their various interdependencies. Dedicated chapters cover specific topics ranging from underground transmission and distribution, to energy and water interdependence, and their implications for urban areas. Coverage also includes the key role of new policy initiatives as catalysts of change. Electrical transmission systems and smart grids, introduction / Miroslav M. Begovic Distribution systems, substations, and integration of distributed generation / John D. McDonald [and others] Renewable generation, integration of / Bri-Mathias Hodge, Erik Ela, Paul Denholm Transmission blackouts : risk, causes, and mitigation / Damir Novosel Wide area monitoring, protection and control / James S. Thorp, Arun G. Phadke Smart grids, distributed control for / Frank Kreikebaum, Deepak Divan Underground cable systems / Yamille Del Valle [and others] Energy and water interdependence, and their implications for urban areas / Liz Minne [and others] Sustainable smart grids, emergence of a policy framework / Marilyn A. Brown, Shan Zhou. Front Matter....Pages i-vi Electrical Transmission Systems and Smart Grids, Introduction....Pages 1-5 Distribution Systems, Substations, and Integration of Distributed Generation....Pages 7-68 Renewable Generation, Integration of....Pages 69-97 Transmission Blackouts: Risk, Causes, and Mitigation....Pages 99-127 Wide Area Monitoring, Protection and Control....Pages 129-158 Smart Grids, Distributed Control for....Pages 159-193 Underground Cable Systems....Pages 195-237 Energy and Water Interdependence, and Their Implications for Urban Areas....Pages 239-270 Sustainable Smart Grids, Emergence of a Policy Framework....Pages 271-318 Back Matter....Pages 319-324 Featuring entries from the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, this book covers key topics in energy technology, engineering and urban planning. Includes underground transmission and distribution, energy and water interdependence and more.