Egypt in the Twenty-First Century (Routledgecurzon Advances in Middle East Andislamic Studies)

The book focuses on three main themes:\*overpopulation associated with low productivity, unemployment, persistent poverty and weak savings and investment capacity\*the post-1950 development strategies and their outcomes\*the institutional structures that are constraining economic and political progress. Egypt in the Twenty First Century is a much needed investigation into the long-term economic reform and restructuring and examines the challenges ahead for the country. It provides authoritative analyses from a collection of respected academics and a wealth of new data. It will appeal to all those interested in the political economy of contemporary Egypt. agriculture, industry and political systems. Book Cover......Page 1 Title......Page 4 Contents......Page 5 List of figures......Page 8 List of tables......Page 9 List of contributors......Page 12 Acknowledgements......Page 14 List of acronyms and abbreviations......Page 16 Introduction......Page 18 The level of development at the turn of the century......Page 34 Evaluating development, 1980 1997......Page 36 The standard of living......Page 58 Evaluating development experience and sectoral performance......Page 88 Development strategies, 1950 2001: progress and challenges for the twenty-first century......Page 90 Full employment: the challenge in the twenty-first century......Page 128 Agriculture: an assessment of past performance and the task ahead......Page 158 Industrial development: progress and challenges in the future......Page 177 People participation and the political system......Page 198 An evaluation of the political system at the end of the millennium......Page 200 NGOs and the development challenges of the twenty-first century......Page 216 Conclusion......Page 235 Bibliography......Page 245 Name index......Page 258 Subject index......Page 260 1. Introduction 1 / M. Riad El-Ghonemy Part I. The level of development at the turn of the century 2. Evaluating development, 1980-1997 / Richard H. Adams, jr. Introduction 19 Life expectancy 21 Adult literacy 23 Income and poverty 25 Inequality 31 Productivity 34 Conclusion 39 Notes 42 References 45 3. The standard of living / M. Riad El-Ghonemy Introduction: The meaning of the standard of living 42 Household consumption pattern 50 Globalization impact on household consumption 58 Nutrition and health 60 Environmental impact on human well-being 65 Conclusion: success and challenges 70 Suggested readings 72 Appendix 3.1, Selected articles of the 1971 Constitution and 1980 Amendments 73 Notes 75 References 78 Part II. Evaluating development experience and sectoral performance 82 4. Development stategies, 1950-2001: progress and challenges for the 21st century 83 / M. Riad El-Ghonemy Introduction 83 Shifting development strategies 84 The character of the performance of the economy 94 Challenges into the 21st century 105.

The book focuses on three main themes:
•overpopulation associated with low productivity, unemployment, persistent poverty and weak savings and investment capacity
•the post-1950 development strategies and their outcomes
•the institutional structures that are constraining economic and political progress.

Egypt in the Twenty First Century is a much needed investigation into the long-term economic reform and restructuring and examines the challenges ahead for the country. It provides authoritative analyses from a collection of respected academics and a wealth of new data. It will appeal to all those interested in the political economy of contemporary Egypt. agriculture, industry and political systems.

An overview of the political economy and development of contemporary Egypt, focusing on the nature and extent of economic reform and restructuring in the last twenty years.