Effective reading, speaking, writing for senior science students: учебное пособие для учащихся магистратуры физического факультета

Contents Предисловие........................................................................................................................................... 4 Unit 1. Physics and Information Technology. Heterostructures in Electronic Devices — The Nobel Prize in Physics 2000 ........... 6 Unit 2. Neutrinos from the Sun and Space — The Nobel Prize in Physics 2002 ....................... 21 Unit 3. Superconductors and Superfluids — The Nobel Prize in Physics 2003......................... 32 Unit 4. The Standard Model and the Four Forces. Quantum Chromodynamics — The Nobel Prize in Physics 2004 ..................................... 41 Unit 5. The Quantum Theory of Optical Coherence — The Nobel Prize in Physics 2005.......... 54 Unit 6. Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation — The Nobel Prize in Physics 2006............ 68 Unit 7. Giant Magnetoresistance — The Nobel Prize in Physics 2007 ........................................... 79 Unit 8. Spontaneous Broken Symmetry in Subatomic Physics — The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008 ..................................................................................................... 87 Unit 9. Telecommunications Revolution. The Charge‐Coupled Device (CCD) — The Nobel Prize in Physics 2009 ...................... 99 Unit 10. Graphene — The Nobel Prize in Physics 2010........................................................ 117 Unit 11. The Accelerating Expansion of the Universe — The Nobel Prize in Physics 2011....................................................................................................... 126 Unit 12. A New Era of Experimentation with Quantum Physics — The Nobel Prize in Physics 2012....................................................................................................... 135 Unit 13. The Origin of Mass of Subatomic Particles. The Higgs Boson — The Nobel Prize in Physics 2013 ............................................................ 141 Unit 14. Blue Light‐Emitting Diodes — The Nobel Prize in Physics 2014 ..................................... 150 Texts for rendering.......................................................................................................................................... 160