ارتباطات مؤثر در زمان بحران: استفاده از فناوری، رسانه و منابع انسانی

''This title includes a number of Open Access chapters. In today's world, there are new opportunities for disaster communications through modern technology and social media. Social network applications such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram can connect friends, family, first responders, and those providing relief and assistance. However, social media and other modern communication tools have their limitations. They can be affected by disaster situations where there are power outages or interrupted cellular service. The research contained in this valuable compendium offers much-needed information for emergency responders, utility companies, relief organizations, and governments as they invest in infrastructure to support post-disaster communications. In order to make use of modern communication methods, as well as fully utilize more traditional communication networks, it is imperative that we understand how people actually communicate in the wake of a disaster situation and how various communication strategies can best be utilized. Communication during and immediately after a disaster situation is a vital component of response and recovery. Effective communication connects first responders, support systems, and family members with the communities and individuals immersed in the disaster. Reliable communication also plays a key role in a community's resilience. With research from internationally recognized experts, this volume provides an overview of communication challenges and best-practice analyses, looks at the internet and social media and mobile phones and other technology for disaster communication, and explores the challenges to effective communication. Presents a quality improvement project that gathered expert consensus on best practices used to improve disaster communication Analyzes the information dissemination mechanisms of different media to establish an efficient information dissemination plan for disaster pre-warning, including short message service (SMS), microblogs, news portals, cell phones, television, and oral communication Gauges the effectiveness of disaster risk communication Looks at the future of social media use during emergencies and afterwards Proposes a disaster resilient network that integrates various wireless networks into a cognitive wireless network in the event of disaster occurrences Effective Communication During Disasters: Making Use of Technology, Media, and Human Resources is an informative, multi-faceted resource on preparedness planning for effective communication before, during, and after a disaster occurs.'' 1-27 1 Half Title 1 Title Page 3 Copyright Page 4 Contents 9 Acknowledgment and How to Cite 11 List of Contributors 15 Introduction 19 28 27 29 28 30 29 31 30 32 31 33 32 34 33 35 34 36 35 37 36 38 37 39 38 40 39 41 40 42 41 43 42 44 43 45 44 46 45 47 46 48 47 49 48 50 49 51 50 52 51 53 52 54 53 55 54 56 55 57 56 58 57 59 58 60 59 61 60 62 61 63 62 64 63 65 64 66 65 67 66 68 67 69 68 70 69 71 70 72 71 73 72 74 73 75 74 76 75 77 76 78 77 79 78 80 79 81 80 82 81 83 82 84 83 85 84 86 85 87 86 88 87 89 88 90 89 91 90 92 91 93 92 94 93 95 94 96 95 97 96 98 97 99 98 100 99 101 100 102 101 103 102 104 103 105 104 106 105 107 106 108 107 109 108 110 109 111 110 112 111 113 112 114 113 115 114 116 115 117 116 118 117 119 118 120 119 121 120 122 121 123 122 124 123 125 124 126 125 127 126 128 127 129 128 130 129 131 130 132 131 133 132 134 133 135 134 136 135 137 136 138 137 139 138 140 139 141 140 142 141 143 142 144 143 145 144 146 145 147 146 148 147 149 148 150 149 151 150 152 151 153 152 154 153 155 154 156 155 157 156 158 157 159 158 160 159 161 160 162 161 163 162 164 163 165 164 166 165 167 166 168 167 169 168 170 169 171 170 172 171 173 172 174 173 175 174 176 175 177 176 178 177 179 178 180 179 181 180 182 181 183 182 184 183 185 184 186 185 187 186 188 187 189 188 190 189 191 190 192 191 193 192 194 193 195 194 196 195 197 196 198 197 199 198 200 199 201 200 202 201 203 202 204 203 205 204 206 205 207 206 208 207 209 208 210 209 211 210 212 211 213 212 214 213 215 214 216 215 217 216 218 217 219 218 220 219 221 220 222 221 223 222 224 223 225 224 226 225 227 226 228 227 229 228 230 229 231 230 232 231 233 232 234 233 235 234 236 235 237 236 238 237 239 238 240 239 241 240 242 241 243 242 244 243 245 244 246 245 247 246 248 247 249 248 250 249 251 250 252 251 253 252 254 253 255 254 256 255 257 256 258 257 259 258 260 259 261 260 262 261 263 262 264 263 265 264 266 265 267 266 268 267 269 268 270 269 271 270 272 271 273 272 274 273 275 274 276 275 277 276 278 277 279 278 280 279 281 280 282 281 283 282 284 283 285 284 286 285 287 286 288 287 289 288 290 289 291 290 292 291 293 292 294 293 295 294 296 295 297 296 298 297 299 298 300 299 301 300 302 301 303 302 304 303 305 304 306 305 307 306 308 307 309 308 310 309 311 310 Content: Preparing for effective communications during disasters : lessons from a World Health Organization quality improvement project / Laura N. Medford-Davis and G. Bobby Kapur -- Information dissemination analysis of different media towards the application for disaster pre-warning / Nan Zhang, Hong Huang, Boni Su, Jinlong Zhao, and Bo Zhang -- The effectiveness of disaster risk communication : a systematic review of intervention studies / Declan T. Bradley, Marie McFarland, and Mike Clarke -- Near-real-time analysis of publicly communicated disaster response information / Trevor Girard, Friedemann Wenzel, Bijan Khazai, Tina Kunz-Plapp, James E. Daniell, and Susan A. Brink -- The future of social media use during emergencies in Australia : insights from the 2014 Australian and New Zealand Disaster and Emergency Management Conference Social Media Workshop / Olga Anikeeva, Malinda Steenkamp, and Paul Arbon -- Resilient disaster network based on software defined cognitive wireless network technology / Goshi Sato, Noriki Uchida, and Yoshitaka Shibata -- Web 2.0 and Internet social networking : a new tool for disaster management? Lessons from Taiwan / Cheng-Min Huang, Edward Chan, and Adnan A. Hyder -- Global health and natural disaster alerts : preparing mobile phones to endure the unthinkable / Wladimir J. Alonso, Cynthia Schuck-Paim, and Ghassem R. Asrar -- What it takes to get passed on : message content, style, and structure as predictors of retransmission in the Boston Marathon bombing response / Jeannette Sutton, C. Ben Gibson, Emma S. Spiro, Cedar League, Sean M. Fitzhugh, and Carter T. Butts -- Leveraging public health nurses for disaster risk communication in Fukushima City : a qualitative analysis of nurses' written records of parenting counseling and peer discussions / Aya Goto, Rima E. Rudd, Alden .Y Lai, Kazuki Yoshida, Yuu Suzuki, Donald D. Halstead, Hiromi Yoshida-Komiya, and Michael R. Reich -- Communication, perception, and behaviour during a natural disaster involving a "do not drink" and a subsequent "boil water" notice : a postal questionnaire study / Gabriella Rundblad, Olivia Knapton, and Paul R. Hunter.