Education In Afghanistan: Developments, Influences And Legacies Since 1901 (routledge Studies In Middle Eastern Society)

A comprehensive and up to date study of the history of education in Afghanistan since 1901, this book demonstrates how modern education emerged and charts its fluctuating process of development, regression and destruction. Combining historical and contemporary analysis of key international and national, political, and historical issues from the late nineteenth century to the present day, Education in Afghanistan examines; religion, modernism, tribal and ethnic conflict, language discrimination, foreign invasions, war, and international assistance through the lens of education. An in-depth understanding of these elements will provide alternative approaches to addressing the on-going conflict in Afghanistan, which has a direct effect on the overall educational development and policy-making decisions in the country. Offering a new perspective to the conflict in Afghanistan by addressing its impact on education, this book will be an invaluable resource for students and researchers interested in the formation of education policy, social and political reform in the Middle East, and Islamic Studies. Cover Education in Afghanistan Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents List of illustrations A message from the late Professor Mohammed Arkoun Acknowledgements List of abbreviations Transliteration, names and dates 1 Introduction Periodization The choice of research design The literary sources: description and analysis 2 International historical and political context and its impact on national politics The Great Game and Afghanistan Border demarcation and colonial policy Amir Abdur Rahman: a turning point in Afghanistan’s history The structure of the book 3 The emergence of modern education (1901–19) Contextual background Educational development State nationalism, ethnicity and language Influencing factors Conclusion 4 Educational modernization (1919–29) Contextual background Educational development Language nationalism Influencing factors Conclusion 5 Tribal politics and selective education (1929–78) Contextual background Educational development Language nationalism and education Influencing factors Conclusion 6 Education, war and migration (1978–92) Contextual background Educational development Influencing factors Conclusion 7 Educational fragmentation (1992–2001) Contextual background Educational development Influencing factors Conclusion 8 The redevelopment and reconstruction of modern education (2001–12) Contextual background Educational development Curriculum reform and textbook development Internal influencing factors External influencing factors Conclusion 9 Conclusion Recommendations for present and future developments in education Appendix 1: Front page of Shamsul Nahar newspaper, 22 January 1874 Appendix 2: Amir Habibullah’s letter of amnesty to the exiled Hazaras of Afghanistan, 1904 Appendix 3: English translation of Amir Habibullah’s letter of amnesty to the exiled Hazaras of Afghanistan, 1904 Appendix 4: The amended articles in the Constitution of 1923, approved in the Loya Jerga of December 1924/January 1925 Appendix 5: Translation of Royal Decree from Persian into English Appendix 6: A list of uncoordinated educational programmes Appendix 7: The process of priority restructuring and reform programme Appendix 8: Institutions of higher education Appendix 9: The current state of schools in different parts of the country Appendix 10: Funding status of development budget by sub-programme for fiscal year 2003 Appendix 11: ISAF personnel Bibliography Index A comprehensive and up to date study of the history of education in Afghanistan since 1901, this bookdemonstrates how modern education emerged and charts its fluctuating process of development, regression and destruction. Combining historical and contemporary analysis of key international and national, political, and historical issues from the late nineteenth century to the present day, __Education in Afghanistan__ examines; religion, modernism, tribal and ethnic conflict, language discrimination, foreign invasions, war, and international assistance through the lens of education. An in-depth understanding of these elements will provide alternative approaches to addressing the on-going conflict in Afghanistan, which has a direct effect on the overall educational development and policy-making decisions in the country. Offering a new perspective to the conflict in Afghanistan by addressing its impact on education, this book will be an invaluable resource for students and researchers interested in the formation of education policy, social and political reform in the Middle East, and Islamic Studies. This book explains and demonstrates how modern education emerged and developed in Afghanistan; how and why it has experienced a fluctuating process of development and modernization, and regression and destruction. It also examines which factors seem to have had an influence on both development and regression.