EDUCATING INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN AUSTRALIAN JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEMS : culturally responsive... pedagogy in mathematics

This book addresses key issues in the context of the national policy of educating children accused of crimes in Juvenile Courts in Australia. For several decades, National and State Governments in Australia have struggled to define education, constantly seeking to improve the way society applies the concept. This book presents an accurate portrayal of consequences of the education policy of trying to educate troubled children and young people in trouble with the law. It describes the work of juvenile detention centre mathematics teachers and their teaching contexts. It portrays teachers as learners, who ventured with researchers with a theoretical perspective. This book focuses on culturally responsive pedagogies that seek to understand the ways Indigenous children and young people in juvenile detention make sense of their mathematical learning, which, until the time of detention, has been plagued by failure. It examines how the underperformance of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students, and students from low socioeconomic backgrounds are strong determinants of their overrepresentation in the juvenile justice system in Australia. This book presents the argument that if the students’ literacy and numeracy levels can be improved, there is opportunity to build better futures away from involvement in the juvenile justice system and towards productive employment to improve life chances. Foreword Acknowledgment Contents List of Figures List of Tables 1 The Proposition: Towards Culturally Appropriate Education in Juvenile Detention In Search of Social Justice for Juvenile Detainees in Australia Unlocking the Learning Potential of Indigenous and Low Socioeconomic Young People Overview of This Book References 2 Indigenous Young People in Australia’s Justice System Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People in Australia Over-Representation of Indigenous Young People in the Justice System Factors that Contribute to the Over-Representation of Indigenous Youth in Juvenile Justice Historical Factors and Events Mental Health Issues Intellectual Disability Low Educational Attainment and Employment Social, Economic and Political Disadvantage Chapter Summary References 3 Cultural and Educational Responsibility for Indigenous Young People in Detention: Critical Reality The Status Quo or That Which is Our Responsibility to Understand Challenges in Supporting Young People in the Justice System Diversionary Programs in the Youth Justice System Towards a Philosophical Understanding of Our Responsibility Towards an Ontological Understanding of the Historical and Social Complexities of the Incarceration of Indigenous Youth: Drawing upon the Three Levels of the Critical Realist Ontology Three Levels of Critical Realism The Critical Realist Concept of Time Chapter Summary References 4 Mathematics Teaching and Learning in Juvenile Detention Causes for Concern: Research Gaps and Misunderstandings Remembering, Observing and Analysing Maths Teaching Approaches Instruction-Based Approaches to Teaching Maths The Challenges of Instruction-Based Approaches Communication in Instruction-Based Approaches The Challenges of Communication in Instruction-Based Approaches Textbooks and Booklets in Instruction-Based Approaches Challenges with Textbooks and Booklets in Instruction-Based Approaches Assessment (Testing) and Differentiation in Instruction-Based Approaches Cognitive Diagnostic Assessment Task (CDAT) Differentiation in Instruction-Based Approaches The Challenges of Assessment and Differentiation (Grouping) Chapter Summary References 5 Culturally Responsive Pedagogy for Indigenous Students in Juvenile Detention CRP: Ways of Life, Seeing the World and Taking Action Against Injustice CRP and Community Cultural Wealth CRP and Meaningful Long-Term Sustainable Change CRP: Privileging Indigenous Voices, Identities and Role Models Indigenous Voices Strengthening Indigenous Identity Positive Indigenous Role Models CRP: Strength-Based Approach to Professional Development Strong and Smart Crossing Cultures: Hidden History Posters Engoori CRP: Collaborative Development and Resource Design Chapter Summary References 6 Reform of Education in Juvenile Justice: Opportunities and Obstacles Conflicting Policy Continuing Concerns and Way Forward Conclusion References Appendix A Teacher Demographic Survey Appendix B Teacher Efficacy Survey