Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Multiscale Assessments: Findings of the Sub-Global Assessments Working Group (Volume 4) (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Series)

One of the major innovations of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment is the incorporation of local and regional assessments?33 in all?in a global portrait of the planet?s health. It is the first global assessment of ecosystems to include not only a diversity of ecosystems, but to draw on a wide range of cultural orientations and intellectual traditions, including those of indigenous peoples.The Sub-global Assessments Working Group integrated information from multiple sources and found that biophysical factors such as land-use change, climate change and variability, pollution, and invasive species have a significant effect on human well-being across cultures. For example, in places where there are no other social safety nets, diminished human well-being tends to increase immediate dependence on ecosystem services, which can damage the capacity of those local ecosystems, which in turn appears to increase the probability of natural disaster or conflict.Representing the baseline and framework for ongoing assessments of ecosystem and human well-being on a variety of scales around the world, Multiscale Assessments provides students, researchers, and policy-makers with the most comprehensive methodology for assessing ecosystems at local, national, and regional scales. Comparing alternate futures of ecosystem services and human well-being -- MA conceptual framework -- Global scenarios in historical perspective -- Ecology in global scenarios -- State of the art in simulating future changes in ecosystem services -- Scenarios for ecosystem services : rationale and overview -- Methodology for developing the MA scenarios -- Drivers of change in ecosystem condition and services -- Four scenarios -- Changes in ecosystem services and their drivers across the scenarios -- Biodiversity across scenarios -- Human well-being across scenarios -- Interactions among ecosystem services -- Lessons learned for scenario analysis -- Policy synthesis for key stakeholders. Of the MA conceptual framework -- Overview of the MA sub-global assessments -- Linking ecosystem services and human well-being in the sub-global assessments -- The multiscale approach -- Using multiple knowledge systems in sub-global assessments : benefits and challenges -- Assessment process -- Drivers of ecosystem change -- Condition and trends of ecosystem services and biodiversity -- Responses to ecosystem changes and their impacts on human well-being : lessons from sub-global assessments -- Sub-global scenarios -- Communities, ecosystems, and livelihoods -- Reflections and lessons learned Summary of the MA conceptual framework Overview of the MA sub-global assessments Linking ecosystem services and human well-being in the sub-global assessments The multiscale approach Using multiple knowledge systems in sub-global assessments : benefits and challenges Assessment process Drivers of ecosystem change Condition and trends of ecosystem services and biodiversity Responses to ecosystem changes and their impacts on human well-being : lessons from sub-global assessments Sub-global scenarios Communities, ecosystems, and livelihoods Reflections and lessons learned. UnEncrypted338......Page 1 UnEncrypted339......Page 36 UnEncrypted340......Page 49 UnEncrypted341......Page 62 UnEncrypted342......Page 80 UnEncrypted343......Page 103 UnEncrypted344......Page 136 UnEncrypted345......Page 158 UnEncrypted346......Page 188 UnEncrypted347......Page 221 UnEncrypted348......Page 245 UnEncrypted349......Page 276 UnEncrypted350......Page 293 UnEncrypted775......Page 304 v. 1. Current state and trends / edited by Rashid Hassan, Robert Scholes, Neville Ash v. 2. Scenarios / edited by Steve R. Carpenter ... [et al.] v. 3. Policy responses / edited by Kanchan Chopra ... [et al.] v. 4. Multiscale assessments / edited by Doris Capistrano ... [et al.] [supp.] Our human planet