Ecological Networks in the Tropics : An Integrative Overview of Species Interactions From Some of the Most Species-Rich Habitats on Earth

Based On Graph Theory Studies This Book Seeks To Understand How Tropical Species Interact With Each Other And How These Interactions Are Affected By Perturbations In Some Of The Most Species-rich Habitats On Earth. Due To The Great Diversity Of Species And Interactions In The Tropics, This Book Addresses A Wide Range Of Current And Future Issues With Empirical Examples And Complete Revisions On Different Types Of Ecological Networks: From Mutualisms To Antagonisms. The Goal Of This Publication Is Not To Be Only For Researchers But Also For Undergraduates In Different Areas Of Knowledge, And Also To Serve As A Reference Text For Graduate-level Courses Mainly In The Life Sciences. Intro; Dedication; Foreword; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; Contents; Chapter 1: Tropical Biodiversity: The importance Of biotic Interactions For its Origin, Maintenance, Function, And conservation; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Biotic Interactions And the origin Of tropical Forest Biodiversity; 1.3 Biotic Interactions And the maintenance Of tropical Biodiversity; 1.4 Biotic Interactions And ecosystem Functioning; 1.5 Management And conservation Implications; References; Chapter 2: The History Of ecological Networks; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Pioneering Natural Historians 2.3 Early Ecologists2.4 Food Web Models; 2.5 Modern Developments In ecological Network Analysis; 2.6 Concluding Remarks; References; Chapter 3: The Structure Of ecological Networks; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Indices To describe The topology Of ecological Networks; 3.3 Indices To describe The roles Of individual Species; 3.4 Factors That Influence The structure Of ecological Networks; 3.5 Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Ecology And evolution Of species-rich Interaction Networks; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Ecological Dynamics; 4.3 Evolutionary Dynamics; 4.4 Eco-evolutionary Dynamics 4.5 The Challenge Ahead: Eco-evolutionary Dynamics In tropical, Species-rich Networksreferences; Chapter 5: The Complex Antâ#x80;#x93;plant Relationship Within Tropical Ecological Networks; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Antâ#x80;#x93;plant Interactions In a network Perspective; 5.3 Origin And maintenance Of structural Patterns In antâ#x80;#x93;plant Networks; 5.4 The Robustness Of antâ#x80;#x93;plant Networks; 5.5 Limitations And recommendations For the study Of antâ#x80;#x93;plant Networks; 5.6 Future Directions In the study Of antâ#x80;#x93;plant Networks; References; Chapter 6: Plant-pollinator Networks In the tropics: A review 6.1 Introduction6.2 A Profile Of pollination Network Studies; 6.3 Global Distribution Of the studies; 6.4 Comprehensive Versus partial Networks And habitats Sampled; 6.5 Sampling Methods; 6.6 Structure And drivers Of pollination Networks; 6.7 General Network Patterns; 6.7.1 Low Connectance; 6.7.2 Uneven Degree Distribution And interaction Strength; 6.7.3 Asymmetric Interactions; 6.7.4 Nestedness; 6.7.5 Modularity; 6.8 Drivers Of network Structure And a nicheâ#x80;#x93;neutral Continuum Model For interactions; 6.8.1 Contemporary Mechanisms 6.8.2 A â#x80;#x9c;neutralâ#x80;#x93;niche Continuum Modelâ#x80;#x9d; For species Interactions6.8.3 Evolutionary History May Shape Interactions By its Influence On species Traits; 6.8.4 Historical Drivers Of interactions; 6.9 Is There A latitudinal Gradient Of specialization In pollination Networks?; 6.10 Concluding Remarks; References; Chapter 7: Tropical Seed Dispersal Networks: Emerging Patterns, Biases, And keystone Species Traits; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Temporal And spatial Distribution Of tropical Seed Dispersal Networks; 7.3 Basic Network Descriptors And methodological Bias; 7.4 Methodological Bias Wesley Dáttilo, Victor Rico-gray, Editors. Includes Index. Front Matter ....Pages i-xiii Tropical Biodiversity: The Importance of Biotic Interactions for Its Origin, Maintenance, Function, and Conservation (Ellen Andresen, Víctor Arroyo-Rodríguez, Federico Escobar)....Pages 1-13 The History of Ecological Networks (Thomas C. Ings, Joseph E. Hawes)....Pages 15-28 The Structure of Ecological Networks (D. Matthias Dehling)....Pages 29-42 Ecology and Evolution of Species-Rich Interaction Networks (Rafael Luís Galdini Raimundo, Flavia Maria Darcie Marquitti, Cecilia Siliansky de Andreazzi, Mathias Mistretta Pires, Paulo Roberto Guimarães Jr)....Pages 43-58 The Complex Ant–Plant Relationship Within Tropical Ecological Networks (Kleber Del-Claro, Denise Lange, Helena Maura Torezan-Silingardi, Diego Vinicius Anjos, Eduardo Soares Calixto, Wesley Dáttilo et al.)....Pages 59-71 Plant-Pollinator Networks in the Tropics: A Review (Jeferson Vizentin-Bugoni, Pietro Kiyoshi Maruyama, Camila Silveira de Souza, Jeff Ollerton, André Rodrigo Rech, Marlies Sazima)....Pages 73-91 Tropical Seed Dispersal Networks: Emerging Patterns, Biases, and Keystone Species Traits (Gema Escribano-Avila, Carlos Lara-Romero, Ruben Heleno, Anna Traveset)....Pages 93-110 Plant-Herbivore Networks in the Tropics (Antonio López-Carretero, Ek del-Val, Karina Boege)....Pages 111-126 Host-Parasite Networks: An Integrative Overview with Tropical Examples (Sybelle Bellay, Fabrício Hiroiuki Oda, Karla Magalhães Campião, Fábio Hideki Yamada, Ricardo Massato Takemoto, Edson Fontes de Oliveira)....Pages 127-140 Interaction Networks in Tropical Reefs (Mauricio Cantor, Guilherme O. Longo, Luisa Fontoura, Juan P. Quimbayo, Sergio R. Floeter, Mariana G. Bender)....Pages 141-154 Ecological Networks in Changing Tropics (Eduardo Freitas Moreira, Patrícia Alves Ferreira, Luciano Elsinor Lopes, Raimunda Gomes Silva Soares, Danilo Boscolo)....Pages 155-169 The Future of Ecological Networks in the Tropics (Luciano Cagnolo)....Pages 171-183 A Useful Guide of Main Indices and Software Used for Ecological Networks Studies (Reuber Antoniazzi Jr, Wesley Dáttilo, Victor Rico-Gray)....Pages 185-196 Back Matter ....Pages 197-201