East of the Grand Ummayad: Freemasonry in Damascus 1868-1968

Sons of the widow in Damascus Damascus lodges since 1879 Qassioun and Syria lodges of 1922 Qassioun Lodge and the Syrian University Syria lodge of 1922 Freemasonry in the 1930s Healthy Masonic debate The Grand Lodge of Syria Post-independence Damascus Rotarians Freemasonry and politics Abdul Rahman Shahbandar The 60-day strike Bombing of Damascus Fares al-Khoury.