Dorothy Garrod and the progress of the Palaeolithic : studies in the prehistoric archaeology of the near East and Europe

Dorothy Garrod opened many doors; not only was she the first female professor at Cambridge University, but she illuminated - and in some cases initiated - some of prehistoric archaeology's most central issues. The quiet yet self possessed woman was best known as a fieldworker, often venturing into dangerous regions such as Kurdistan. Her first and highly successful excavation revealed fragments of Neanderthal fossils in Gibralter. This volume reviews modern research on this site, as well as exploring other issues which interested the Disney Professor of Archaeology: hominid remains from Mount Carmel; Palaeolithic sites in the Zagros Mountains, Bulgaria and Britain; and the cultural evidence for the beginning of Near Eastern food production, which Garrod called Natufian. Also included are papers concerned with her life, background and published work. The topics' span and continuing relevance are testament to Dorothy Garrod's remarkable character and great achievements. Table of Contents Foreword ( C. Renfrew ) Introduction ( W. Davies and R. Charles ) 1. Dorothy Annie Elizabeth Garrod: A Short Biography ( W. Davies ) 2. Dorothy Garrod's Application for the Disney Professorship, 1939 3. The Path not Taken: Dorothy Garrod, Devon and the British Palaeolithic ( A. J. Roberts ) 4. Some Observations on the British Earlier Upper Palaeolithic ( R. M. Jacobi ) 5. Unlocking the Inhospitable ( S. Swainston ) 6. Garrod and the Belgian Creswellian ( R. Charles ) 7. Garrod and Glozel: the end of a fiasco ( P. G. Bahn and A. C. Renfrew ) 8. Gibraltar Palaeolithic Revisited: New Excavations at Gorham's and Vanguard Caves ( C. B. Stringer, R. N. E. Barton, A. P. Currant, J. C. Finlayson, P. Goldberg, R. Macphail and P. B. Pettit ) 9. The Evolution of the Balkan Aurignacian ( J. K. Kozlowski ) 10. The Levantine Aurignacian: 60 years of research ( A. Belfer-Cohen and O. Bar-Yosef ) 11. The Genesis and Age of Mousterian Palaeosols in the Carmel Coastal Plain, Israel ( A. Ronen, A. Tsatskin and S. A. Laukhin ) 12. The Impact of Dorothy Garrod's Excavations in the Lebanon on the Palaeolithic of the Near East ( L. Copeland ) 13. The Early Upper Palaeolithic in the Zagros Mountains ( D. Olzewski ) 14. The Zarzian Industry of the Zagros Mountains ( G. A. Wahida ) 15. 'Twisting the Kaleidoscope': Dorothy Garrod and the 'Natufian Culture' ( B. Boyd ) 16. The Natufian: a Coherent Thought? ( F. Valla ) 17. Nina Frances Layard, Prehistorian (1853-1935) ( S. Plunkett ) 18. Nova et Vetera : Reworking the Early Upper Palaeolithic in Europe ( W. Davies ) 19. Bibliography of Garrod's Published Works Cover 1 Title 5 Copyright 6 Contents 7 List of Contributors 9 Foreword – C. Renfrew 11 Introduction – W. Davies and R. Charles 13 Acknowledgements 15 1. Dorothy Annie Elizabeth Garrod: A Short Biography – W. Davies 17 2. Dorothy Garrod’s Application for the Disney Professorship, 1939 31 3. The Path not Taken: Dorothy Garrod, Devon and the British Palaeolithic – A. J. Roberts 35 4. Some observations on the British Earlier Upper Palaeolithic R. M. Jacobi 51 5. Unlocking the Inhospitable – S. Swainston 57 6. Garrod and the Belgian Creswellian – R. Charles 73 7. Garrod and Glozel: the end of a fiasco – P. G. Bahn and A. C. Renfrew 93 8. Gibraltar Palaeolithic Revisited: New Excavations at Gorham’s and Vanguard Caves – C. B. Stringer, R. N. E. Barton, A. P. Currant, J. C. Finlayson, P. Goldberg, R. Macphail and P. B. Pettitt 101 9. The Evolution of the Balkan Aurignacian – J. K. Kozłowski 113 10. The Levantine Aurignacian: 60 years of research A. Belfer-Cohen and O. Bar-Yosef 135 11. The Genesis and Age of Mousterian Palaeosols in the Carmel Coastal Plain, Israel – A. Ronen, A. Tsatskin and S. A. Laukhin 151 12. The Impact of Dorothy Garrod’s Excavations in the Lebanon on the Palaeolithic of the Near East – L. Copeland 169 13. The Early Upper Palaeolithic in the Zagros Mountains – D. Olzewski 183 14. The Zarzian Industry of the Zagros Mountains – G. A. Wahida 197 15. “Twisting the Kaleidoscope”: Dorothy Garrod and the “Natufian Culture” – B. Boyd 225 16. The Natufian: a Coherent Thought? – F. Valla 241 17. Nina Frances Layard, Prehistorian (1853–1935) – S. Plunkett 259 18. Nova et Vetera: Reworking the Early Upper Palaeolithic in Europe W. Davies 279 19. Bibliography of Garrod’s Published Works 293

Dorothy Garrod opened many doors; not only was she the first female professor at Cambridge University, but she illuminated - and in some cases initiated - some of prehistoric archaeology's most central issues. The quiet yet self possessed woman was best known as a fieldworker, often venturing into dangerous regions such as Kurdistan. Her first and highly successful excavation revealed fragments of Neanderthal fossils in Gibralter. This volume reviews modern research on this site, as well as exploring other issues which interested the Disney Professor of Archaeology: hominid remains from Mount Carmel; Palaeolithic sites in the Zagros Mountains, Bulgaria and Britain; and the cultural evidence for the beginning of Near Eastern food production, which Garrod called Natufian. Also included are papers concerned with her life, background and published work. The topics' span and continuing relevance are testament to Dorothy Garrod's remarkable character and great achievements.

Annotation Dorothy Garrod opened many doors; not only was she the first female professor at Cambridge University, but she illuminated - and in some cases initiated - some of prehistoric archaeology's most central issues. The quiet yet self possessed woman was best known as a fieldworker, often venturing into dangerous regions such as Kurdistan