Documents on the Holocaust : Selected Sources on the Destruction of the Jews of Germany and Austria, Poland, and the Soviet Union

Front Cover Documents on the Holocaust Copyright Page Table of Contents Foreword Part One: Germany and Austria 1 The Program of the National-Socialist (Nazi) German Workers' Party 2 Anti-Jewish Plans of the Nazis Published Before Their Rise to Power 3 The National-Socialist Party and the German National (Conservative) Party, Essay by Hitler, 1922 4 Extracts from Mein Kampf by Hitler 5 Extracts from Hitlers Zweites Buch 6 Results of Elections to the German Reichstag, 1919-1933 7 Organization of the Anti-Jewish Boycott of April 1, 1933 — Instructions Given by the National-Socialist Party 8 From Goebbels' Diary on the Boycott 9 Exchange of Letters Between Hindenburg and Hitler Concerning the Status of Jews Who Served in the German Army 10 Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service, April 7, 1933 11 First Regulation for the Implementation of the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service, April 11, 1933 12 Instructions by Minister of Economics on the Position of Jews in German Trade, September 1933 13 Proposal by Frank for a Pause in Anti-Jewish Agitation 14 "Wear It with Pride, The Yellow Badge," Article by Robert Weltsch 15 Proclamation by the Central Committee of German Jews for Relief and Reconstruction 16 The Position of the German Jews, As Seen by Alfred Wiener, of the Leadership of the Centraiverein 17 Martin Buber on the Tasks of the Center for Jewish Adult Education 18 Activities of the Study Institute for Jewish Adult Education 19 Chaim Arlosoroff on the Need for Ha'avara 20 Regulations by the German Ministry of Economics of August 1933, Concerning Conditions for Ha'avara 21 Proclamation of the (New) Reichsvertretung, September 1933 22 Memorandum from the Organization of Independent Orthodox Communities to the German Chancellor, October 1933 23 Request of the Reich Union of Jewish Veterans for the Coopting of Former Jewish Front-Soldiers for Duties in the German Reich, October 1933 24 Instruction for Jewish Public Elementary Schools, January 1934 25 The German Authorities and the Cultural Association of German Jews 26 Activities of the Cultural Association of German Jews 27 Activities of the Hilfsverein in the Field of Emigration 28 Report on the Activities of the Hilfsverein in the Year 1933 29 Protest of the Reichsvertretung Against the Refusal to Include Jews in the Wehrmacht, March 1935 30 Recomjmendation by Schacht to Prevent Damage to Jewish Places of Business, June 1935 31 The Leadership of the German Government on the Effect on the Economy of German Policy Towards the Jews, August 1935 32 Nuremberg Laws on Reich Citizenship, September 15, 1935 33 Nuremberg Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor, September 15, 1935 34 First Regulation to the Reich Citizenship Law, November 14, 1935 35 Extracts from Hitler's Speech in the Reichstag on the Nuremberg Laws, September 1935 36 Extract from Hitler's Speech on the Importance of the Nuremberg Laws, At a Meeting of Party Leaders 37 Comment in the German News Agency on the Nuremberg Laws 38 Response of the Reichsvertretung to the Nuremberg Laws 39 Prayer Composed by Rabbi Leo Baeck for All Jewish Communities in Genmany for the Eve of the Day of Atonement, October 10, 1935 40 Extract from a Memorandum by Hitler on the Tasks of the Four Year Plan, 1936 41 Second Regulation for the Law on the Reunification of Austria with the German Reich, March 18, 1938 42 Abolition of the Legal Status of the Jewish Communities, March 1938 43 The Situation of the Jews in Austria, April 1938 44 Eichmann Takes Control of Jewish Life in Austria 45 Decisions Taken at the Evian Conference on Jewish Refugees, July 1938 46 Regulation Requiring Jews to Change Their Names, August 1938 47 Establishment of the Central Office for Jewish Emigration in Vienna, August 1938 48 First Attempt of the Nazi Party to Expel Viennese Jewry, October 1938 49 Riots of Kristallnacht — Heydrich's Instructions, November 1938 50 Description of the Riot at Dinslaken 51 Discussions by the Authorities Following Kristallnacht 52 Regulation for the Elimination of the Jews from the Economic Life of Germany, November 12, 1938 53 Regulation for the Payment of an Expiation Fine by Jews Who Are German Subjects, November 12, 1938 54 SS Views on the Solution of the Jewish Question 55 Letter Describing the Deportation to Zbaszyn, December 1938 56 Emmanuel Ringelblum's Notes on the Refugees in Zbaszyn 57 Establishment of the Reich Central Office for Jewish Emigration, January 1939 58 German Foreign Ministry Memorandum on Policy Regarding Jews in 1938 59 Extract from the Speech by Hitler, January 30, 1939 60 Appeal by Löwenherz for the Renewal of Religious Services in Vienna 61 Eichmann Protects the Status of the Vienna Jewish Community in Order to Facilitate Emigration 62 The Establishment of the Reichsvereinigung, July 1939 63 Deportation of Jews from Austria to Nisko (Lublin), October 1939 64 Instructions for the Deportation of the Jews from the Palatinate (Pfalz), October 1940 65 Cases of Suicide to Escape Deportation 66 Youth Aliya School in Vienna, 1940 67 The Situation of the Jews in Germany in the Summer of 1941 68 Order Banning the Emigration of Jews from the Reich, October 1941 69 The Last Days of the Zionist Youth Movement in Germany, 1942 70 Responsa by Rabbis in Germany Ehiring 1943 71 Eichmann Informs the Jews on Deportations from Austria and on the Theresienstadt Ghetto 72 From Hitler's Testament PART TWO : POLAND Introduction 7 Yisrael Gutman 73 Instructions by Heydrich on Policy and Operations Concerning Jews in the Occupied Territories, September 21, 1939 74 Identifying Marks for Jews in the Government-General, November 23, 1939 75 Ban on Changes of Place of Residence by Jews Within the Area of the Government-General, December 11, 1939 76 Supplementary Regulations for the Ban on Changes of Residence by Jews in the Government-General, October 15, 1941 77 Ban on the Use of the Railroads by Jews in the Government-General, January 26, 1940 78 From a Discussion on the Compulsory Evacuation of the Jewish Population of the Wartheland to the Government-General, January 30, 1940 79 Attack on the Jews of Wloclawek Following the German Occupation 80 From a Report on the Situation of the Jews in Warsaw after the Occupation 81 Escape of Jews from Poland to the Soviet Union at the Beginning of the War 82 Establishment of Judenräte (Jewish Councils) in the Occupied Territories, November 28, 1939 83 Report by Uebelhoer on the Establishment of the Ghetto in Lodz, December 10, 1939 84 Directives Issued by the Head of the Department for Jewish Affairs on Policies Concerning Treatment of Jews in the Government- General, April 6, 1940 85 From a Speech by Frank on the Need to Remove the Jews from Cracow, April 12, 1940 86 Himmler on the Treatment of Ethnic Groups and Jews in the East, in a Secret Memorandum to Hitler, May 25, 1940 87 Jewish Memorandum to the Authorities Gn the Economic Situation of the Jews Following the Occupation 88 Extracts from the Warsaw Ghetto Diary of Chaim A. Kaplan, 1940 89 Extracts from the Warsaw Ghetto Diary of Avraham I^evin, 1942 90 Activities of the Judenrat, reflected in the Gazeta Zydowska, 1940 91 Activity of the Joint in Occupied Poland 92 Jewish Self-help in Warsaw 93 The Work of a Jewish Political Party, From an Underground Publication, 1940 94 The Aims of Jewish Youth at the Present Time, From an Underground Publication, 1940 95 Educational Problems in the Underground Youth Movement in the Ghetto 96 Official Definition of the Term "Jew" in the Government- General, July 24, 1941 97 The Madagascar Plan, July 1940 98 From a Speech by Frank on the Madagascar Plan, July 12, 1940 99 Regulation for the Ban on Jewish Emigration from the Government- General, November 1940 100 Order by Fischer-on the Establishment of a Ghetto in. Warsaw, October 2, 1940 101 From a Lecture on the Steps Leading to the Establishment of the Warsaw Ghetto, January 20, 1941 102 The Smuggling of Food into the Warsaw Ghetto 103 Extract from the Diary of Chaim A. Kaplan on the Warsaw Judenrat, 1941 104 Appeal Not to Go to Labor Camps, From an Underground Publication 105 The Dilemma of Jewish Self-help 106 Goring Orders Heydrich to Prepare a Plan for the "Final Solution of the Jewish Problem," July 31, 1941 107 Ringelblum on Cooperation Between Jewish Political Parties in the Underground 108 "Oneg Shabbat," The Jewish Underground Archives in the Warsaw Ghetto 109 Address by Rumkowski to the Officials of the Judenrat in Lodz 110 Appeal for Contributions by the Judenrat in Bialystok 111 The Girl Couriers of the Underground Movement 112 Some Ghetto Thoughts on Rescue and Revenge 113 Letters from the Jewish Underground Youth Movement 114 From a Report by Auerswald, Commissar of the Warsaw Ghetto, September 26, 1941 115 From a Speech by Frank at Berlin University, November 18, 1941 116 From a Speech by Frank on the Extermination of the Jews, December 16, 1941 117 Protocol of the Wannsee Conference, January 20, 194% 118 From a Protocol of a Session of the Judenrat in Bialystok on April 4 and 5, 1942 119 Celebration Session on the First Anniversary of the Establishment of the Judenrat in Bialystok, June 29, 1942 120 From the Diary of Adam Czerniakow, Chairman of the Judenrat in the Warsaw Ghetto, 1942 121 Protocol of General Meeting of the Judenrat in Lublin on March 31, 1942 122 Proposal for the Sterilization of 2-3 Million Jewish Workers, June 23, 1942 123 Signed Obligation by SS Men Taking Part in an Extermination Operation to Observe Secrecy, July 18, 1942 124 Order by Hiimmler on July 19, 1942, for the Completion of the "Final Solution" in the Government-General 125 Call to Armed Self-defense, From an Underground Publication 126 The Jewish Population Disbelieves Reports of the Extermination 127 From the Diary of Adam Czerniakow on the Eve of the Deportation from the Warsaw Ghetto, 1942 128 Announcement of the Evacuation of the Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto, July 22, 1942 129 Rumkowski's Address at the Time of the Deportation of the Children from the Lodz Ghetto, September 4, 1942 130 Notes by a Jewish Observer in the Lodz Ghetto Following the Deportation of the Children 131 Memorandum by General von Ginant to the General Staff of the Wehrmacht in Reaction to the Removal of the Jews from Industrial Production, September 18, 1942 132 Response by Himmler to the Memorandum from General von Ginant 133 Security Police Plans to Allow 30,000 Jewish Workers to Remain in Bialystok, February-March 1943 134 Himmler Orders the Destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto, February 16, 1943 135 From a Report of the Jewish Fighting Organization in the Warsaw Ghetto on Its Activities 136 From Notes by Hersh Berlinski on the Aims of the Jewish Fighting Organization 137 The Discussion on Fighting Aims by the Activists of the Bialystok Members of the Dror Movement, February 27, 1943 138 Call to Resistance by the Jewish Fighting Organization in the Warsaw Ghetto, January 1943 139 Call for Resistance by the Jewish Military Organization in the Warsaw Ghetto, January 1943 140 Response of the Commander of the AK to the Jewish Request for Arms 141 Appeal of the Jewish Fighting Organization to the Polish Underground, Asking for Arms 142 Survey of Problems of Jewish Resistance by an AK Officer in Charge of the Jewish Affairs Department 143 SS General Stroop on the Battles in the Warsaw Ghetto Revolt— Final Report from the German Battle Diary, April-May 1943 144 Daily Report from the German Battle Diary 145 The Last Letter from Mordecai Anielewicz, Warsaw Ghetto Revolt Commander, April 23, 1943 146 Extract from a Report by the Delegatura to London on the Warsaw Ghetto Revolt 147 Frank on the Warsaw Ghetto Revolt 148 Extract from Goebbels' Diary on the Ghetto Revolt 149 "The Last Battle in the Great Tragedy," From the Polish Underground Press on the Warsaw Ghetto Revolt 150 "The Greatest Crime in the World," From the Polish Underground Press on the Ghetto Revolt 151 "The Heroic Resistance of the Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto," From the Polish Underground Press 152 "Ghetto Resistance Seen Correctly," From the Polish Underground Press 153 Messenger from the Polish Underground on Talks with Jewish Underground Leaders in Warsaw 154 The Last Letter from Szmul Zygielbojm, the Bund Representative with the Polish National Council in Exile 155 Appeal by the Polish Underground Association for Aid to the Jews, Zegota, Asking for Help in Hiding Jews and for the Punishment of Traitors 156 Extract from a Polish Woman's Diary in Warsaw 157 "Shmaltsovnikes"— Exploitation of Jews Living in Disguise as Polish Christians 158 SS Statistics on the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question," March 23, 1943 159 From the Final Report by Katzmann, Commander of the SS and Police in the District of Galicia, on "The Solution of the Jewish Problem" in Galicia 160 Hitler Bans Public Reference to the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question," July 11, 1943 161 From a Speech by Himmler Before Senior SS Officers in Poznan, October 4, 1943 162 Letter from Greiser, Gauleiter and Governor of Wartheland to Pohl, Concerning the Fate of Lodz Ghetto, February 14, 1944 163 From Notes Made by Kurt Gerstein, an Engineer Working for the SS, on the Extermination Camp at Belzec 164 Extract from Written Evidence of Rudolf Höss, Commander of the Auschwitz Extermination Camp 165 Extract from the Written Evidence by Jacob Wiernik on the Extermination Camp at Treblinka 166 The Revolt at the Sobibor Extermination Camp 167 Extract from Evidence Given at the Nuremberg Trials on the Auschwitz Extermination Camp 168 "The Face of the Future," Editorial from the Newspaper of a Jewish Underground Youth Organization in Cracow PART THREE : SOVIET UNION Introduction 169 Special Duties for the SS in 'Operation Barbarossa," March 13, 1941 170 Extract from the Commissar's Order for "Operation Barbarossa," June 6, 1941 171 Extract from Guidelines by Heydrich for Higher SS and Police Leaders in the Occupied Territories of the Soviet Union, July 2, 1941 172 Provisional Directives by Lohse, Reichskommissar for Ostland, Concerning the Treatment of Jews, August 13, 1941 173 Rosenberg's Order on Forced Labor for Jews in the Occupied Territories, August 16, 1941 174 The Election of Elkes as Head of the Judenrat in Kovno 175 Order by Keitel Banning Wehrmacht Contacts with Jews in the Occupied Territories in the East, September 12, 1941 176 The Wehrmacht and the Einsatzgruppen Aktionen, September 1941 177 Extracts from a Report by Einsatzgruppe A in the Baltic Countries, 1941 178 Exchange of Letters Between Reichskommissar Lohse and the Ministry for the Eastern Territories, Concerning the "Final Solution" 179 Order by Reichskommissar Lohse to Halt the Killing of Jewish Skilled Workers, December 1941 180 Extract from a Report by Karl Jäger, Commander of Einsatzkommando 3, on the Extermination of Lithuanian Jews, 1941 181 From the Diary of a Jewish Youth in Hiding During an Aktion in the Vilna Ghettp, 1941 182 Responsa by Rabbi Ephraim Oshry in the Kovno Ghetto 183 From the Diary of a Lithuanian Woman Doctor on the Jews in the Kovno Ghetto, 1941 184 Death Penalty for Trade in a Concentration Camp 185 Application by Kube, Generalkammissar of Byelorussia, to Lohse Concerning the Condition of German Jews in Minsk, December 16, 1941 186 Notes by a Jew from Vienna Deported to a Camp in the Minsk District 187 Report by Kube on the Extermination of Jews and the Fight Against the Partisans in Byelorussia 188 Report by Waffen SS on Killing of Jews in the Pripet Marshes 189 From a Report by Einsatzgruppen on the Extermination of the Jews in the Ukraine, October 1941 190 From a Wehrmacht Report on the Extermination of the Jews in the Ukraine 191 Extermination in Gas Vans in the Ukraine, 1942 192 Evidence on the Killing of Jews in Kharkov 193 Order to the Jews by the German Command in the City of Kislovodsk 194 Evidence of Witnesses on the Deportation and Killing of the Jews of Kislovodsk 195 Report by Wehrmacht Officer on Massacre in the Ukraine 196 Proclamation by Jewish Pioneer Youth Group in Vilna, Calling for Resistance, January 1, 1942 197 Comments on the Program of the F.P.O. in Vilna 198 Address by Gens After His Appointment as Ghetto Leader, July 1942 199 Gens Reports to the Jewish Leadership in Vilna on the Aktion in Oszmiana, October 1942 200 From a Diary by Zelig Kalmanovitch Following the Report by Gens 201 Income and Expenditure of the Administration of the Vilna Ghetto in the First Half of the Year 1942 202 From the Diary of a Jewish Youth on Education and Culture in the Vilna Ghetto, 1942 203 Address by Gens on the First Anniversary of the Establishment of the Jewish Theater in the Vilna Ghetto, January 15, 1943 204 The Ban on Births in Shavli Ghetto, From the Diary of E. Yerushalmi, 1942-1943 205 Address by Gens on the Danger of Bringing Arms into the Vilna Ghetto, May 15, 1943 206 From an Article in Ghetto News on the Importance of Industry and Work in the Vilna Ghetto 207 Order by Himmler for the Liquidation of the Ghettos of Ostland, June 21, 1943 208 Report by the Commander of the Security Police and SD on the Future of the Vilna Ghetto, July 1943 209 Proclamation by the F.P.O. Calling for Revolt in Vilna, September 1, 1943 210 Life of Jewish Partisans and Jewish Family Camps in the Forest, From a Diary by a Jewish Partisan, 1942-1943 211 Operations Diary of a Jewish Partisan Unit in Rudniki Forest, 1943-1944 212 Evidence by Blobel on the Burning of Bodies and Obliterating the Traces of Bodies of Jews Killed by the Einsatzgruppen 213 Evidence of Jewish Escapees from the Ninth Fort in Kovno on the Burning of the Bodies List of Abbreviations Selected Bibliography Index of Names Index of Places Index of Organizations and Institutions