جانگو به سادگی: ساخت و استقرار برنامه‌های قابل‌اعتماد جانگو

Now updated with new research—the book that has changed millions of lives After decades of research, world-renowned Stanford University psychologist Carol S. Dweck, Ph.D., discovered a simple but groundbreaking idea: the power of mindset. In this brilliant book, she shows how success in school, work, sports, the arts, and almost every area of human endeavor can be dramatically influenced by how we think about our talents and abilities. People with a fixed mindset—those who believe that abilities are fixed—are less likely to flourish than those with a growth mindset—those who believe that abilities can be developed. Mindset reveals how great parents, teachers, managers, and athletes can put this idea to use to foster outstanding accomplishment. In this edition, Dweck offers new insights into her now famous and broadly embraced concept. She introduces a phenomenon she calls false growth mindset and guides people toward adopting a deeper, truer growth mindset. She also expands the mindset concept beyond the individual, applying it to the cultures of groups and organizations. With the right mindset, you can motivate those you lead, teach, and love—to transform their lives and your own.Praise for Mindset"A good book is one whose advice you believe. A great book is one whose advice you follow. This is a book that can change your life, as its ideas have changed mine."—Robert J. Sternberg, co-author of Teaching for Wisdom, Intelligence, Creativity, and Success "An essential read for parents, teachers [and] coaches . . . as well as for those who would like to increase their own feelings of success and fulfillment."—Library Journal (starred review) "Everyone should read this book."—Chip Heath and Dan Heath, authors of Made to Stick "One of the most influential books ever about motivation."—Po Bronson, author of NurtureShock "If you manage people or are a parent (which is a form of managing people), drop everything and read Mindset."—Guy Kawasaki, author of The Art of the Start 2.0 Copyright Contents Introduction Chapter 1: The Mindsets Why Do People Differ? What Does All This Mean for You? The Two Mindsets A View From the Two Mindsets So, What’s New? Self-Insight: Who Has Accurate Views of Their Assets and Limitations? What’s in Store GROW YOUR MINDSET Chapter 2: Inside the Mindsets Is Success About Learning—or Proving You’re Smart? Beyond Puzzles Brain Waves Tell the Story What’s Your Priority? CEO Disease Stretching Stretching Beyond the Possible Thriving on the Sure Thing When Do You Feel Smart: When You’re Flawless or When You’re Learning? If You Have Ability, Why Should You Need Learning? A Test Score Is Forever Another Look at Potential Proving You’re Special Special, Superior, Entitled Mindsets Change the Meaning of Failure Defining Moments My Success Is Your Failure Shirk, Cheat, Blame: Not a Recipe for Success Mindset and Depression Mindsets Change the Meaning of Effort Seabiscuit High Effort: The Big Risk Low Effort: The Big Risk Turning Knowledge into Action Questions and Answers GROW YOUR MINDSET Chapter 3: The Truth About Ability and Accomplishment Mindset and School Achievement The Low-Effort Syndrome Finding Your Brain The College Transition Created Equal? Can Everyone Do Well? Marva Collins Ability Levels and Tracking Summary Is Artistic Ability a Gift? Jackson Pollock The Danger of Praise and Positive Labels Negative Labels and How They Work Do I Belong Here? Trusting People’s Opinions When Things Go Right GROW YOUR MINDSET Chapter 4: Sports: The Mindset of a Champion The Idea of the Natural Now You See It, Now You Don’t Michael Jordan The Babe The Fastest Women on Earth Naturals Shouldn’t Need Effort Sports IQ “Character” More About Character Character, Heart, Will, and the Mind of a Champion Staying on Top What Is Success? What Is Failure? Taking Charge of Success What Does It Mean to Be a Star? Every Sport Is a Team Sport Hearing the Mindsets GROW YOUR MINDSET Chapter 5: Business: Mindset and Leadership Enron and the Talent Mindset Organizations That Grow A Study of Mindset and Management Decisions Leadership and the Fixed Mindset CEOs and the Big Ego Fixed-Mindset Leaders in Action Iacocca: I’m a Hero Albert Dunlap: I’m a Superstar The Smartest Guys in the Room Two Geniuses Collide Invulnerable, Invincible, and Entitled Brutal Bosses Growth-Mindset Leaders in Action Jack: Listening, Crediting, Nurturing Lou: Rooting Out the Fixed Mindset Anne: Learning, Toughness, and Compassion Are CEO and Male Synonymous? A Study of Group Processes Groupthink Versus We Think The Praised Generation Hits the Workforce Are Negotiators Born or Made? Corporate Training: Are Managers Born or Made? Are Leaders Born or Made? Organizational Mindsets GROW YOUR MINDSET Chapter 6: Relationships: Mindsets in Love (Or Not) Relationships Are Different Mindsets Falling in Love 1. If You Have to Work at It, It Wasn’t Meant to Be Mind Reading Agreeing on Everything 2. Problems Indicate Character Flaws Each One a Loser The Flaws Fly Can This Marriage Be Saved? The Partner as Enemy Competition: Who’s the Greatest? Developing in Relationships Friendship Shyness Bullies and Victims: Revenge Revisited Who Are the Bullies? Victims and Revenge What Can Be Done? GROW YOUR MINDSET Chapter 7: Parents, Teachers, and Coaches: Where Do Mindsets Come from? Parents (And Teachers): Messages About Success and Failure Messages About Success Sending Messages About Process and Growth Reassuring Children Messages About Failure Constructive Criticism: More About Failure Messages Children Learn the Messages Children Pass on the Messages Isn’t Discipline Teaching? Mindsets Can Be a Life-And-Death Matter Wanting the Best in the Worst Way “we Love You—on Our Terms” Ideals Teachers (And Parents): What Makes a Great Teacher (Or Parent)? Great Teachers High Standards and a Nurturing Atmosphere More on High Standards and a Nurturing Atmosphere Hard Work and More Hard Work Students Who Don’t Care Growth-Minded Teachers: Who Are These People? Coaches: Winning Through Mindset The Fixed-Mindset Coach in Action The Holy Grail: No Mistakes The Growth-Mindset Coach in Action A Coach for All Seasons The Holy Grail: Full Preparation and Full Effort Equal Treatment Preparing Players for Life Which Is the Enemy: Success or Failure? False Growth Mindset What a Growth Mindset Is and Is Not How Do You Get a (True) Growth Mindset? How Do You Pass a Growth Mindset On? Our Legacy GROW YOUR MINDSET Chapter 8: Changing Mindsets The Nature of Change Beliefs Are the Key to Happiness (and to Misery) Mindsets Go Further The Mindset Lectures A Mindset Workshop Brainology More About Change Opening Yourself Up to Growth The First Dilemma. Imagine you’ve applied to graduate school. You applied to just one place because it was the school you had your heart set on. And you were confident you’d be accepted since many people considered your work in your field to be original and exciting. But you were rejected. The Fixed-Mindset Reaction. At first you tell yourself that it was extremely competitive, so it doesn’t really reflect on you. They probably had more first-rate applicants than they could accept. Then the voice in your head starts in. It tells you that you’re fooling yourself, rationalizing. It tells you that the admissions committee found your work mediocre. After a while, you tell yourself it’s probably true. The work is probably ordinary, pedestrian, and they’d seen that. They were experts. The verdict is in and you’re not worthy. The Growth-Mindset Step. Think about your goal and think about what you could do to stay on track toward achieving it. What steps could you take to help yourself succeed? What information could you gather? Plans That You’ll Carry Out and Ones That You Won’t Feeling Bad, But Doing Good The Number One Draft Choice The Second Dilemma. The pressure is overwhelming. You yearn for playing time in the games, but every time they put you in a game to try you out, you turn anxious and lose your focus. You were always cool under pressure, but this is the pros. Now all you see are giant guys coming toward you—twelve hundred pounds of giant guys who want to take you apart. Giant guys who move faster than you ever thought possible. You feel cornered...helpless. The Fixed-Mindset Reaction. You torture yourself with the idea that a quarterback is a leader and you’re no leader. How could you ever inspire the confidence of your teammates when you can’t get your act together to throw a good pass or scramble for a few yards? To make things worse, the sportscasters keep asking, What happened to the boy wonder? The Growth-Mindset Step. In the growth mindset, you tell yourself that the switch to the professionals is a huge step, one that takes a lot of adjustment and a lot of learning. There are many things you couldn’t possibly know yet and that you’d better start finding out about. People Who Don’t Want to Change Entitlement: The World Owes You The Next Dilemma. “Here I am,” you think, “in this low-level job. It’s demeaning. With my talent I shouldn’t have to work like this. I should be up there with the big boys, enjoying the good life.” Your boss thinks you have a bad attitude. When she needs someone to take on more responsibilities, she doesn’t turn to you. When it’s time to give out promotions, she doesn’t include you. The Fixed-Mindset Reaction. “She’s threatened by me,” you say bitterly. Your fixed mindset is telling you that, because of who you are, you should automatically be thrust into the upper levels of the business. In your mind, people should see your talents and reward you. When they don’t, it’s not fair. Why should you change? You just want your due. The Growth-Mindset Step. But first, let’s be clear. For a long time, it’s frightening to think of giving up the idea of being superior. An ordinary, run-of-the-mill human being isn’t what you want to be. How could you feel good about yourself if you’re no more valuable than the people you look down on? Denial: My Life Is Perfect The Dilemma. You seem to have everything. You have a fulfilling career, a loving marriage, wonderful children, and devoted friends. But one of those things isn’t true. Unbeknownst to you, your marriage is ending. It’s not that there haven’t been signs, but you chose to misinterpret them. You were fulfilling your idea of the “man’s role” or the “woman’s role,” and couldn’t hear your partner’s desire for more communication and more sharing of your lives. By the time you wake up and take notice, it’s too late. Your spouse has disengaged emotionally from the relationship. The Fixed-Mindset Reaction. You’ve always felt sorry for divorced people, abandoned people. And now you’re one of them. You lose all sense of worth. Your partner, who knew you intimately, doesn’t want you anymore. The Growth-Mindset Step. First, it’s not that the marriage, which you used to think of as inherently good, suddenly turned out to have been all bad or always bad. It was an evolving thing that had stopped developing for lack of nourishment. You need to think about how both you and your spouse contributed to this, and especially about why you weren’t able to hear the request for greater closeness and sharing. Changing Your Child’s Mindset The Precocious Fixed Mindsetter The Dilemma. Imagine your young son comes home from school one day and says to you, “Some kids are smart and some kids are dumb. They have a worse brain.” You’re appalled. “Who told you that?” you ask him, gearing up to complain to the school. “I figured it out myself,” he says proudly. He saw that some children could read and write their letters and add a lot of numbers, and others couldn’t. He drew his conclusion. And he held fast to it. The Growth-Mindset Step. You decide that, rather than trying to talk him out of the fixed mindset, you have to live the growth mindset. At the dinner table each evening, you and your partner structure the discussion around the growth mindset, asking each child (and each other): “What did you learn today?” “What mistake did you make that taught you something?” “What did you try hard at today?” You go around the table with each question, excitedly discussing your own and one another’s effort, strategies, setbacks, and learning. Effort Gone Awry The Dilemma. You’re proud of your daughter. She’s at the top of her class and bringing home straight A’s. She’s a flute player studying with the best teacher in the country. And you’re confident she’ll get into the top private high school in the city. But every morning before school, she gets an upset stomach, and some days she throws up. You keep feeding her a blander and blander diet to soothe her sensitive stomach, but it doesn’t help. It never occurs to you that she’s a nervous wreck. The Fixed-Mindset Reactions. The counselor tells you to ease up on your daughter: Let her know it’s okay not to work so hard. Make sure she gets more sleep. So you, dutifully following the instructions, make sure she gets to sleep by ten o’clock each night. But this only makes things worse. She now has less time to accomplish all the things that are expected of her. The Growth-Mindset Step. The plan the counselor suggests would allow your daughter to start enjoying the things she does. The flute lessons are put on hold. Your daughter is told she can practice as much or as little as she wants for the pure joy of the music and nothing else. Mindset and Willpower Anger The Dilemma. Imagine you’re a nice, caring person—as you probably are—usually. You love your spouse and feel lucky to have them as your partner. But when they violate one of your rules, like letting the garbage overflow before taking it out, you feel personally betrayed and start criticizing. It begins with “I’ve told you a thousand times,” then moves on to “You never do anything right.” When they still don’t seem properly ashamed, you flare, insulting their intelligence (“Maybe you aren’t smart enough to remember garbage”) and their character (“If you weren’t so irresponsible, you wouldn’t...” “If you cared about anyone but yourself, you’d...”). Seething with rage, you then bring in everything you can think of to support your case: “My father never trusted you, either,” or “Your boss was right when he said you were limited.” Your spouse has to leave the premises to get out of range of your mounting fury. The Fixed-Mindset Reaction. You feel righteous about your anger for a while, but then you realize you’ve gone too far. You suddenly recall all the ways that your spouse is a supportive partner and feel intensely guilty. Then you talk yourself back into the idea that you, too, are a good person, who’s just slipped up—lost it—temporarily. “I’ve really learned my lesson,” you think. “I’ll never do this again.” The Growth Mindset and Self-Control Maintaining Change The Journey to a (True) Growth Mindset The Journey: Step 1 The Journey: Step 2 The Journey: Step 3 The Journey: Step 4 Learn and Help Learn The Road Ahead Notes Chapter 1. The Mindsets Chapter 2. Inside the Mindsets Chapter 3. The Truth About Ability and Accomplishment Chapter 4. Sports: The Mindset of a Champion Chapter 5. Business: Mindset and Leadership Chapter 6. Relationships: Mindsets in Love (Or Not) Chapter 7. Parents, Teachers, and Coaches: Where Do Mindsets Come From? Chapter 8. Changing Mindsets Recommended Books What’s Next on Your Reading List? Mindset is one of those rare books that can help you make positive changes in your life and at the same time see the world in a new way.A leading expert in motivation and personality psychology, Carol Dweck has discovered in more than twenty years of research that our mindset is not a minor personality quirk: it creates our whole mental world. It explains how we become optimistic or pessimistic. It shapes our goals, our attitude toward work and relationships, and how we raise our kids, ultimately predicting whether or not we will fulfill our potential. Dweck has found that everyone has one of two basic mindsets.If you have the fixed mindset, you believe that your talents and abilities are set in stone--either you have them or you don't. You must prove yourself over and over, trying to look smart and talented at all costs. This is the path of stagnation. If you have a growth mindset, however, you know that talents can be developed and that great abilities are built over time. This is the path of opportunity--and success.Dweck demonstrates that mindset unfolds in childhood and adulthood and drives every aspect of our lives, from work to sports, from relationships to parenting. She reveals how creative geniuses in all fields--music, literature, science, sports, business--apply the growth mindset to achieve results. Perhaps even more important, she shows us how we can change our mindset at any stage of life to achieve true success and fulfillment. She looks across a broad range of applications and helps parents, teachers, coaches, and executives see how they can promote the growth mindset. Highly engaging and very practical, Mindset breaks new ground as it leads you to change how you feel about yourself and your future."This book is an essential read for parents, teachers, coaches, and others who are instrumental in determining a child's mind-set, and in turn, his or her future success, as well as for those who would like to increase their own feelings of success and fulfillment." --Library JournalContentsIntroduction1. The MindsetsWhy Do People Differ?What Does All This Mean for You? The Two MindsetsA View from the Two MindsetsSo, What's New?Self-Insight: Who Has Accurate Views of Their Assets and Limitations?What's iIn Store2. Inside The MindsetsIs Success About Learning--Or Proving You're Smart?Mindsets Change the Meaning of FailureMindsets Change the Meaning of EffortQuestions and Answers3. The Truth About Ability and AccomplishmentMindset and School AchievementIs Artistic Ability a Gift?The Danger of Praise and Positive LabelsNegative Labels and How They Work4. Sports: The Mindset Of A ChampionThe Idea of the Natural"Character"What Is Success?What Is Failure?Taking Charge of SuccessWhat Does It Mean to Be a Star?Hearing the Mindsets5. Business: Mindset and LeadershipEnron and the Talent MindsetOrganizations That GrowA Study of Mindset and Management DecisionsLeadership and the Fixed MindsetFixed-Mindset Leaders in ActionGrowth-Mindset Leaders in ActionA Study of Group ProcessesGroupthink Versus We ThinkAre Leaders Born or Made?6. Relationships: Mindsets In Love (Or Not)Relationships Are DifferentMindsets Falling in LoveThe Partner as EnemyCompetition: Who's The Greatest?Developing in RelationshipsFriendshipShynessBullies and Victims: Revenge Revisited7. Parents, Teachers, And Coaches: Where Do Mindsets Come From?Parents (and... World-renowned Stanford University psychologist Carol Dweck, in decades of research on achievement and success, has discovered a truly groundbreaking idea?the power of our mindset. Dweck explains why it's not just our abilities and talent that bring us success?but whether we approach them with a fixed or growth mindset. She makes clear why praising intelligence and ability doesn't foster self-esteem and lead to accomplishment, but may actually jeopardize success. With the right mindset, we can motivate our kids and help them to raise their grades, as well as reach our own goals?personal and professional. Dweck reveals what all great parents, teachers, CEOs, and athletes already know: how a simple idea about the brain can create a love of learning and a resilience that is the basis of great accomplishment in every area. Praise for Mindset "Everyone should read this book."?Chip and Dan Heath, authors of Switch and Made to Stick "Will prove to be one of the most influential books ever about motivation."?Po Bronson, author of NurtureShock "A good book is one whose advice you believe. A great book is one whose advice you follow. I have found Carol Dweck's work on mindsets invaluable in my own life, and even life-changing in my attitudes toward the challenges that, over the years, become more demanding rather than less. This is a book that can change your life, as its ideas have changed mine."?Robert J. Sternberg, IBM Professor of Education and Psychology at Yale University, director of the PACE Center of Yale University, and author of Successful Intelligence "If you manage any people or if you are a parent (which is a form of managing people), drop everything and read Mindset ."?Guy Kawasaki, author of The Art of the Start and the blog How to Change the World "Highly recommended ... an essential read for parents, teachers [and] coaches ... as well as for those who would like to increase their own feelings of success and fulfillment."?Library Journal (starred review) "A serious, practical book. Dweck's overall assertion that rigid thinking benefits no one, least of all yourself, and that a change of mind is always possible, is welcome."?Publishers Weekly "A wonderfully elegant idea ... It is a great book."?Edward M. Hallowell, M.D., author of Delivered from Distraction From the Hardcover edition From the renowned psychologist who introduced the world to “growth mindset” comes this updated edition of the million-copy bestseller—featuring transformative insights into redefining success, building lifelong resilience, and supercharging self-improvement. “Through clever research studies and engaging writing, Dweck illuminates how our beliefs about our capabilities exert tremendous influence on how we learn and which paths we take in life.”—Bill Gates, GatesNotes “It’s not always the people who start out the smartest who end up the smartest.” After decades of research, world-renowned Stanford University psychologist Carol S. Dweck, Ph.D., discovered a simple but groundbreaking idea: the power of mindset. In this brilliant book, she shows how success in school, work, sports, the arts, and almost every area of human endeavor can be dramatically influenced by how we think about our talents and abilities. People with a fixed mindset —those who believe that abilities are fixed—are less likely to flourish than those with a growth mindset —those who believe that abilities can be developed. Mindset reveals how great parents, teachers, managers, and athletes can put this idea to use to foster outstanding accomplishment. In this edition, Dweck offers new insights into her now famous and broadly embraced concept. She introduces a phenomenon she calls false growth mindset and guides people toward adopting a deeper, truer growth mindset. She also expands the mindset concept beyond the individual, applying it to the cultures of groups and organizations. With the right mindset, you can motivate those you lead, teach, and love—to transform their lives and your own. After Decades Of Research, World-renowned Stanford University Psychologist Carol S. Dweck, Ph.d., Discovered A Simple But Groundbreaking Idea: The Power Of Mindset. In This Brilliant Book, She Shows How Success In School, Work, Sports, The Arts, And Almost Every Area Of Human Endeavor Can Be Dramatically Influenced By How We Think About Our Talents And Abilities. People With A Fixed Mindset--those Who Believe That Abilities Are Fixed--are Less Likely To Flourish Than Those With A Growth Mindset--those Who Believe That Abilities Can Be Developed. Mindset Reveals How Great Parents, Teachers, Managers, And Athletes Can Put This Idea To Use To Foster Outstanding Accomplishment. In This Edition, Dweck Offers New Insights Into Her Now Famous And Broadly Embraced Concept. She Introduces A Phenomenon She Calls False Growth Mindset And Guides People Toward Adopting A Deeper, Truer Growth Mindset. She Also Expands The Mindset Concept Beyond The Individual, Applying It To The Cultures Of Groups And Organizations. With The Right Mindset, You Can Motivate Those You Lead Teach, And Love--to Transform Their Lives And Your Own.--jacket. The Mindsets -- Inside The Mindsets -- The Truth About Ability And Accomplishment -- The Mindset Of A Champion -- Mindset And Leadership -- Mindsets In Love (or Not) -- Parents, Teachers, And Coaches: Where Do Mindsets Come From? -- Changing Mindsets. Carol S. Dweck, Ph.d. Originally Published In A Slightly Different Form In 2006 By Random House, An Imprint And Division Of Penguin Random House Llc--colophon. Includes Bibliographical References (pages 287-288) And Index. In the course of over twenty years of research, leading motivation and personality psychology expert Carol Dweck has discovered that our mindset is not a minor personality quirk, it actually creates our whole mental world, and explains how we become optimistic or pessimistic. Mindsets shape goals, attitudes toward work and relationships, and how we raise our kids, ultimately predicting whether or not we will fulfill our potential. Dweck has found that people have of two basic mindsets: fixed, or growth. Those with fixed mindsets believe that their talents and abilities are set in stone and are unchangeable, and that they must prove themselves over and over, trying to look smart and talented at all costs. Those with a growth mindset, however, know that talents can be developed and that great abilities are built over time. This is the path of opportunity-- and success. Dweck reveals how creative geniuses in all fields-- music, literature, science, sports, business-- apply the growth mindset to achieve results. Perhaps even more important, she shows us how we can change our mindset at any stage of life to achieve true success and fulfillment. She looks across a broad range of applications to help parents, teachers, coaches, and executives see how they can promote a growth mindset "After decades of research, world-renowned Stanford University psychologist Carol S. Dweck, Ph. D., discovered a simple but groundbreaking idea: the power of mindset. In this brilliant book, she shows how success in school, work, sports, the arts, and almost every area of human endeavor can be dramatically influenced by how we think about our talents and abilities. People with a fixed mindset--those who believe that abilities are fixed--are less likely to flourish than those with a growth mindset--those who believe that abilities can be developed. Mindset reveals how great parents, teachers, managers, and athletes can put this idea to use to foster outstanding accomplishment. In this edition, Dweck offers new insights into her now famous and broadly embraced concept. She introduces a phenomenon she calls false growth mindset and guides people toward adopting a deeper, truer growth mindset. She also expands the mindset concept beyond the individual, applying it to the cultures of groups and organizations. With the right mindset, you can motivate those you lead teach, and love--to transform their lives and your own."--Jacket