Distinguished Figures in Mechanism and Machine Science: Their Contributions and Legacies (History of Mechanism and Machine Science (1))

This is the first part of a series of books whose aim is to collect contributed papers describing the work of famous persons in MMS (Mechanism and Machine Science). The current work treats mainly technical developments in the historical evolution of the fields that today are grouped in MMS. Thus, the emphasis is on biographical notes describing the efforts and experiences of people who have contributed to the technical achievements which forms the core of each contributed paper. These papers cover the wide field of the History of Mechanical Engineering with specific focus on MMS. This volume will be of value to a wide audience interested in the history of engineering. This is the ?rst volume of a series of edited books whose aim is to collect contributed papers in a framework that can serve as a dictionary of names of individuals who have made contributions to the discipline of MMS (Me- anism and Machine Science). This dictionary project has the peculiarity that, through descriptions of the ideas and work of these individuals, the papers will illustrate mainly technical developments in the historical evolution of the individual ?elds that today de?ne the scope of MMS. Thus the core of each contribution will be a survey of biographical notes describing the efforts and experiences of these people. Finding appropriate technical experts as authors for such papers and - couraging them to write them has been a challenge; it is a demanding and time-consuming effort to produce such in-depth articles that delve deeply into the historical background of their topics of expertise. This ?rst volume of the dictionary project has been possible thanks to the invited authors who have enthusiastically shared the initiative and have spent time and effort in prep- ing papers that have the novel characteristics of survey and historical notes. The papers in this volume cover the wide ?eld of the History of Mechanical Engineering with speci?c focus on MMS. I believe that a reader who takes advantage of the papers in this book, as well as future ones, will ?nd further satisfaction and motivation for her or his work (historical or not). Pt. 1. Archimedes (287-212 Bc) / Thomas G. Chondros -- Agustín De Betancourt Y Molina (1758-1824) / Juan Ignacio Cuadrado Iglesias -- Oene Bottema (1901-1992) / Teun Koetsier -- William Kingdon Clifford (1845-1879) / Joe Rooney -- Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) / Teresa Zielinska -- Alexander Yershov (1818-1867) / Alexander Golovin And Dina Mktychyan -- Ferdinand Freudenstein (1926-2006) / Bernard Roth -- Kurt Hain (1908-1995) / Hanfried Kerle -- Heron Of Alexandria (c. 10-85 Ad) / Evangelos Papadopoulos -- Willibald Lichtenheldt (1901-1980) / Kurt Luck -- Xian-zhou Liu (1890-1975) / Hong-sen Yan ... [et Al.] -- Giulio Mozzi (1730-1813) / Marco Ceccarelli -- Théodore Olivier (1793-1853) / J.m. Hervé -- Ufimtsev Anatoly Georgievich (1880-1936) / Sergey Jatsun -- James Watt (1736-1819) / Gordon R. Pennock -- Walter Wunderlich (1910-1998) / Manfred Husty. Edited By Marco Ceccarelli. Includes Bibliographical References. Table of Contents......Page 6 Preface by the Series Editor......Page 8 Preface......Page 10 Archimedes (287–212 BC)......Page 12 Agustín de Betancourt y Molina (1758–1824)......Page 42 Oene Bottema (1901–1992)......Page 72 William Kingdon Clifford (1845–1879)......Page 90 Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543)......Page 128 Alexander Yershov (1818–1867)......Page 146 Ferdinand Freudenstein (1926–2006)......Page 161 Kurt Hain (1908–1995)......Page 192 Heron of Alexandria (c. 10–85 AD)......Page 225 Willibald Lichtenheldt (1901–1980)......Page 254 Xian-Zhou Liu (1890–1975)......Page 273 Giulio Mozzi (1730–1813)......Page 285 Théodore Olivier (1793–1853)......Page 300 Ufimtsev Anatoly Georgievich (1880–1936)......Page 324 James Watt (1736–1819)......Page 342 Walter Wunderlich (1910–1998)......Page 375