[Dissertation] The Prosodic Morphology and Phonology of Affixation in Taiwanese and Other Chinese Languages

TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Overview Chapter 2 PHONOLOGY OF AFFIX-TRIGGERED RULES IN TAIWANESE AND OTHER CHINESE LANGUAGES 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Affix-triggered rules in Taiwanese: The data 2.2.1 The domain of rules 2.2.2 The lexical affix vs. the phrasal affix 2.2.3 Obligatory vs. optional rules 2.3 Phonological representation of Taiwanese affix triggered rules 2.3.1 Gemination analysis: A proposal 2.3.2 Against a resyllabification analysis 2.4 Affix-triggered rules in other Chinese languages 2.4.1 Mandarin 2.4.2 Kejia, Cantonese, and Nanchang 2.5 Conclusions Chapter 3THE PHONETICS AND THE DOMAIN OF GEMINATION IN TAIWANESE 3.1 Introduction: Absolute vs. relative duration 3.2 Phonetic study of Taiwanese gemination 3.2.1 Method 3.2.2 Results and discussion 3.3 The domain of gemination 3.3.1 The role of stress in gemination 3.3.2 Morphological properties of gemination triggers 3.3.2.1 Lexical affixes 3.3.2.2 Phrasal affixes 3.3.2.3 Sentential affixes 3.3.3 Degenerate syllables 3.4 Conclusions Chapter 4 REDUPLICATION IN CHINESE LANGUAGES 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Adjective reduplication in Chinese: The data 4.2.1 The most common structures 4.2.2 Other structures 4.3 A prosodic morphology approach to reduplication 4.3.1 The base in reduplication— syllable or morpheme? 4.3.2 A unified account of adjective reduplication-suffixation 4.3.2.1 XX compounds 4.3.2.1.1 Changes in grammatical category 4.3.2.1.2 Neutral tones 4.3.2.2 XXX compounds 4.3.2.3 XXYY, XXY, and XYY compounds 4.4 Prosodic constraints on reduplication 4.4.1 Upper limit of input 4.4.2 Upper limit of output 4.5 Conclusions Chapter 5 CHINESE ONOMATOPOEIA AND SECRET LANGUAGES 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Chinese syllable structure 5.3 Onomatopoeia 5.3.1 Onomatopoeia: The data 5.3.2 Formation of onomatopoeia: A proposal 5.3.2.1 The Recoverability Principle 5.3.2.2 Cyclicity 5.3.2.3 Place node delinking 5.3.2.4 Against a prefixation analysis 5.4 Secret languages 5.4.1 Secret languages: The data 5.4.2 Previous analyses 5.4.2.1 Prespecification analysis 5.4.2.2 Substitution analysis 5.4.2.3 Feature recycling analysis 5.4.3 Formation of secret languages: A proposal 5.4.3.1 The Recoverability Principle 5.4.3.2 Cyclicity 5.4.3.3 The Maximality Principle 5.4.3.4 Prosodic template 5.5 Conclusions Chapter 6 CONCLUSIONS AND TOPICS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH 6.1 Conclusions and topics for further research APPENDIX: STATISTICAL RESULTS OF THE PHONETIC STUDY REFERENCES