پدیده‌های گفتمانی در چشم‌انداز تیپولوژیک (مجموعه مطالعات زبان، ۲۲۷)

"This book aims at investigating discourse phenomena (i.e., linguistic elements and constructions that help to manage the organization, flow, and outcome of communication) from a typological and cross-linguistic perspective. Although it is a well-established idea in functional-typological approaches that grammar is shaped by discourse use, systematic typological cross-linguistic investigations on discourse phenomena are relatively rare. This volume aims at bridging this gap, by integrating different linguistic subfields, such as discourse analysis, pragmatics, and typology. The contributions, both theoretically and empirically oriented, focus on a broad variety of discourse phenomena (ranging from discourse markers to discourse function of grammatical markers, to strategies that manage the discourse and information flow) while adopting a typological perspective and considering typologically distant languages"-- Provided by publisher Discourse Phenomena in Typological Perspective Editorial page Title page Copyright page Table of contents Chapter 1. Discourse phenomena in typological perspective: An overview 1. What do we mean by ‘discourse phenomena’? 2. Why should we study discourse phenomena ... in typology? 3. Discourse and typology: Where are we at? 4. Contributions References Part I. Discourse strategies Chapter 2. Toward a non-aprioristic approach to discourse-associated devices 1. Introduction 2. A categorical universalist approach to discourse-structuring devices 3. Non-aprioristic approach 3.1 Language-particular analysis: The Buriat verb and “particles” 3.2 Same function in different morphosyntactic disguise: Vocative vs. allocutive 3.2 Same function in different morphosyntactic disguise: Vocative vs. allocutive 3.3 Polar question: Same function, diversity in marking 4. Conclusion Abbreviations Digital sources References Chapter 3. Towards pragmatic construction typology: The case of discourse formulae 1. Introduction 2. Discourse formulae from the perspective of Construction Grammar 3. On discourse formulae 4. Pragmatic frame 5. Case study: Discourse formulae of negation 5.1 Primary data 5.2 Frames of negation: Relevant parameters 5.3 Design 5.4 Results 6. Discussion 6.1 Polar question and hypothesis 6.2 Hypothesis and opinion 7. Conclusion Funding References Chapter 4. The use of interjections as a discourse phenomenon: The use of interjections as a discourse phenomenon: A contrastive study of Chuvash (Turkic) and Wan (Mande)A contrastive study of Chuvash (Turkic) and Wan (Mande) 1. Introduction 2. The quotative function 2.1 Interjections help signal reported speech 2.2 In the context of reported speech, interjections tend towards initial positions 2.3 The prosody of quotative uses 3. Functions outside reported speech 3.1 The intensifying use in Chuvash 3.2 The prosody of the intensifying use 3.3 Absence of the intensifying use in Wan 4. Heterogeneity among interjections 5. Conclusion Acknowledgements Funding Abbreviations References Part II. Discourse functions of grammatical markers Chapter 5. From an adverb/postposition ‘behind’ to a discourse marker: The particle reχu in Andi 1. Introduction 2. The Andi language: Basic information 3. Two uses of the particle reχu: Consecutive and discourse-pragmatic 3.1 reχu as a consecutive marker 3.2 reχu as a discourse-pragmatic marker 3.3 Ambiguous cases: reχu in multiclausal imperatives and speech reports 4. Looking for the grammaticalization source 4.1 reχudu as a final sequential connective 4.2 reχudu as a clause-initial sequential connective ‘then’ 4.3 reχudu as a temporal postposition ‘after’ 4.4 cl-eχudu as a spatial adverb/postposition ‘behind’ 5. Discussion: From an adverb/postposition to a particle 6. Conclusion Acknowledgements Abbreviations Sources References Chapter 6. Connectivity of wh in bilingual Turkish: Developing a corpus-pragmatic filtering method 1. Introduction 2. Wh and connectivity 3. Wh-constructions in our data 4. Wh-constructions related to verba dicendi and sentiendi 4.1 Overall picture 4.2 Two verba dicendi: De‐ ‘say’ and söyle‐ ‘say, tell, verbalise, utter’ 4.3 Distribution of de‐ ‘say’ and söyle‐ ‘say, tell, verbalise, utter’ in our data 4.4 Direct speech phenomena with söyle‐ ‘say, tell, verbalise, utter’ in the bilingual sample 5. Juxtaposed finite wh-constructions in circumscribing function 5.1 Deixis 5.2 Utterance boundaries 5.3 Breaks 5.4 Preposed versus postposed wh‐construction 5.5 In-situ versus fronted wh‐element 5.6 Distribution of formal criteria across groups 6. A closer look at the remaining candidates 7. Preliminary results and desiderata Abbreviations References Appendix. Verba dicendi and sentiendi and types of connectivity Chapter 7. Polish że ‘that’ as an elaboration marker: Language-internal and cross-linguistic perspectives 1. Introduction 2. Corpus, data retrieval and sample 3. Elaboration and its semantic subtypes 4. Distributional differences between że1 and że2 4.1 że2-clauses are not embedded 4.2 że2-clauses may co-occur with complementizers 4.3 że2 is an optional element 4.4 że2-clauses are more varied 4.5 że2 need not introduce clauses and it can scope over speech acts 5. Proposal: że1 and że2 share the procedural core meaning of ‘elaboration’ 6. Interactional uses of że2 in turn-taking 7. Marking elaboration in clause combining and discourse analysis – some typological remarks 7.1 Clause combining 7.2 Discourse analysis 7.3 A unified account of rhetorical relations 8. ‘That’-complementizer forms serving as elaboration markers – a cross-linguistic perspective 9. Conclusion Acknowledgements Funding Abbreviations References Chapter 8. Repetitive constructions and stance-marking: The case in Korean 1. Introduction 2. Preliminaries: Korean syntax 3. Formal characteristics of MJS 3.1 [Deferential > Informal Polite] shift 3.2 [Informal polite > Intimate] shift 3.3 [Plain > Intimate] shift 3.4 Copula-MJSs 4. Functional characteristics of MJSs 5. Discussion of some prominent issues 5.1 Speech style shifting across languages 5.2 Repetition across languages 5.3 Sentencehood 5.4 Strategic speech level manipulation 6. Summary and conclusion Acknowledgements Funding Abbreviations References Part III. Strategies managing discourse and information flow Chapter 9. Are referent introductions sensitive to forward planning in discourse?: Evidence from Multi-CAST 1. Introduction 2. Background: Building a multilingual corpus for typological research in discourse and grammar 2.1 Multi-CAST corpus building and corpus composition 2.2 Multi-CAST corpus annotations 3. Case study: Patterns of referent introduction vis-à-vis their discourse salience 3.1 Referent introduction as a challenge to processing 3.2 Establishing new referents for subsequent discourse 4. Summary and conclusions Abbreviations References Chapter 10. Differential indexing and information structure management 1. Introduction 2. Differential indexing: State of the art 3. Differential indexing and information structure 3.1 Topic and focus revisited 3.2 Differential indexing and focus-related effects 3.3 Differential indexing and topic-related effects 3.4 Differential indexing in Maltese 3.5 Differential indexing in Ruuli 4. Corpus based approaches to differential indexing in Maltese and Ruuli 5. Discussion 6. Conclusion Abbreviations References Chapter 11. Highlighting beginning, end, or transition in-between: Topic-shift conceptions in English, Ainu, and Japanese 1. Introduction 2. Minimal structure of topic/episode-shift or boundary 3. Episode-shift in narrative discourse 3.1 Episode-shift in an Old English epic and narratives 3.2 Episode-shift in an Ainu epic and narratives 3.3 Episode-shift in a Japanese epic and narratives 3.4 Different preferences in episode-shift marker conceptions 4. Topic-shift in conversational discourse 4.1 Topic-shift as a solution to topical-talk breakdown 4.2 Different phases of topic-shift conception in English 4.3 Topic-shift conception in Japanese 4.4 Topic-shift conception in Ainu 4.5 Different preferences in topic-shift conception 5. Some conceptual correlations and motivations 5.1 Aspectual conception and topic/episode-shift 5.2 Speech-event conception and topic/episode-shift 6. Conclusion Acknowledgments Funding Abbreviations References Chapter 12. On the topic-marking function of left dislocations and preposings: Variation across spoken and written Italian and English 1. Introduction 2. Left dislocations and preposings in Italian and English 2.1 Definitions 2.2 Topicality of the left marked constituent 2.3 Discourse functions 3. Method of analysis 3.1 The utterance level: LMSs’ syntax and information structure 3.2 Discourse level: LMSs’ interaction with the left and right co-texts 4. Data basis for the analysis 4.1 Corpus resources 4.2 Data 5. Analyses and results 5.1 Correlation between syntactic and information partition in Italian and English LDs and PRs 5.2 Discourse functions of Italian and English LDs and PRs 5.3 The textual prominence hypothesis 6. Discussion and conclusion: Towards a typological perspective 6.1 Disproving the topic-marking hypothesis in a typological perspective 6.2 The textual approach for discourse-sensitive typology References Chapter 13. English oh as a structural and modal marker: A contrastive analysis with Spanish 1. Introduction 2. Background 3. Research goals and methodology 4. Oh: Properties and meanings in English 4.1 English ‘oh’: Position, prosody and collocations 4.2 Meanings and uses of English ‘oh’: Domains and functions 4.3 ‘Oh’ as a marker of discourse organisation in English 4.4 Concluding remarks on the meanings and uses of English ‘oh’ 5. A contrastive analysis with Spanish 5.1 Concluding remarks on the contrastive analysis 6. Conclusion Acknowledgements References Appendix. Main transcription conventions used in the examples Chapter 14. A typological study of tail-head linkage constructions 1. Introduction 2. The sample and comparative concept 3. Tail-head linkage constructions: Some brief remarks 3.1 A phenomenon of spoken discourse 3.2 Text genre 3.3 Function(s) of tail-head linkage constructions 3.4 Forms of the tail-head linkage construction 3.5 Semantic relations between discourse segments 4. Recapitulative tail-head linkage constructions 5. Summary tail-head linkage constructions 6. Final remarks Abbreviations References Index This book aims at investigating discourse phenomena (i.e., linguistic elements and constructions that help to manage the organization, flow, and outcome of communication) from a typological and cross-linguistic perspective. 0Although it is a well-established idea in functional-typological approaches that grammar is shaped by discourse use, systematic typological cross-linguistic investigations on discourse phenomena are relatively rare. This volume aims at bridging this gap, by integrating different linguistic subfields, such as discourse analysis, pragmatics, and typology. The contributions, both theoretically and empirically oriented, focus on a broad variety of discourse phenomena (ranging from discourse markers to discourse function of grammatical markers, to strategies that manage the discourse and information flow) while adopting a typological perspective and considering typologically distant languages