Discourse And Power In A Multilingual World (discourse Approaches To Politics, Society And Culture)

In Discourse and Power in a Multilingual World the discourse of politicians and policy-makers in Britain links languages other than English, and therefore speakers of these languages, with civil disorder and threats to democracy, citizenship and nationhood. These powerful arguments travel along ‘chains of discourse’ until they gain the legitimacy of the state, and are inscribed in law. The particular focus of this volume is on discourse linking ‘race riots’ in England in 2001 with the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002, which extended legislation to test the English language proficiency of British citizenship applicants. Adrian Blackledge develops a theoretical and methodological framework which draws on critical discourse analysis to reveal the linguistic character of social and cultural processes and structures; on Bakhtin’s notion of the dialogic nature of discourse to demonstrate how voices progressively gain authority; and on Bourdieu’s model of symbolic domination to illuminate the way in which linguistic-minority speakers may be complicit in the misrecognition, or valorisation, of the dominant language. DAPSAC 15 Discourse and Power in a Multilingual World 2 Editorial page 3 Title page 4 LCC data 5 Table of contents 6 Preface 8 Acknowledgements 10 Language, ideology and power 12 CDA as theory 13 CDA as method 18 Discourse 18 Genre 19 Context 20 Voice 25 Criticism of CDA 28 Theory and method in analysis of political discourse 30 Discourse strategies 32 Referential strategies 32 Predicational strategies 33 Argumentation and perspectivation strategies 35 Intensifying and mitigation strategies 36 Investigating discourses of discrimination 37 Discourse strategies and linguistic means 39 Language ideologies in multilingual contexts 42 Language and ideology 42 Multilingualism and identity 46 Language ideologies and national identity 51 Language ideological debates in multilingual contexts 55 Language and hegemony 56 Language and symbolic racism 58 Language testing for citizenship 61 The idealised native speaker 65 Multilingualism and society 66 Discourse and discrimination in the social arena 70 Positioning the researcher in research on multilingualism 70 Immigration and multiculturalism in Britain 72 Britain as a multilingual nation-state 75 Discriminatory discourse in the local news media 76 Argumentation strategies in discourse of representation 78 Representation in news discourse 83 Discourse and discrimination in the local press 84 'Voice' and represented discourse 87 The 'already-said-elsewhere' 89 Double voiced discourse 90 The principle of equal treatment 92 Recontextualisation of political argument: Claiming authority 93 Idioms of 'common-sense' 95 'Show concessions' and ambiguity 96 Consensus and the rhetorical question 97 Language ideological debate in a local context 99 3.1. Appendix 102 3.2. Appendix 103 Political discourse and the rhetoric of discrimination 104 The discourse of political speeches 105 The 'intention' of political discourse 106 Absences, allusions and assumptions in political discourse 107 Illiberal discourse in a liberal setting 108 'The time has come' 109 Defining the criminal minority 110 Rhetorical questions as dialogic discourse 111 'Let us consider the causes' 114 'Some remedies': Language as iconic representation 116 'A Belfast-like situation' 121 Political discourse and the construction of the social world 123 4.1. Appendix 126 Political discourse and the media 132 Recontextualisation and authoritative discourse 133 Recontextualisation of political discourse 135 Recontextualisation and the authoritative voice 137 'The men say "They don't need it''' 138 The issue of citizenship 142 The familiar arguments made legitimate 143 Recontextualisation of political discourse in liberal news media 145 Headlines 146 Liberal representation of political discourse 147 Expanding the debate 149 Substitution: People, spouses, and husbands and wives 150 Anticipating voices in opposition 153 Metonymic representation 154 Transformation by addition 155 Transformation of discourse and ideology 157 5.1. Appendix 160 5.2. Appendix 160 Working knowledge of English could become compulsory for immigrants 160 5.3. Appendix 162 English lessons may become condition of UK citizenship 162 5.4. Appendix 163 Blunkett 'English for passports' plan 163 5.5. Appendix 164 Blunkett fuels English lessons row 164 Representing the voice of the people 166 Representing the voice of the people in official reports 168 The Bradford review 168 Genre chains 169 Representation of Bradfordian voices 171 The Oldham review 173 Between reported speech and the reporting context 173 The role of the English language 174 Language, suspicion, and fear 175 Representing women in the voice of the people 177 Representing extreme views 178 The Burnley review 179 Representing racist discourse 179 The role of racist political discourse 180 The Cantle report 181 Language and law 181 The promotion of new values 183 The discourse of official reports as language ideological debate 184 The threat of minority Asian languages 186 Language, culture and representing the 'Other' 186 Language and responsibility 188 Abuse and resentment 189 Language and the nation 190 The legitimation of discriminatory discourse 192 The symbolic power of language 192 Secure Borders, Safe Haven 193 Language and cultural practices 196 Practical knowledge about British life or language 199 Language and democracy 200 The certification of language 202 The legal authority of discriminatory argument 204 Integration with diversity 204 'People must be free' 206 'It helps overcome the schizophrenia' 208 'Political correctness' and the politics of despair 209 The Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 213 The consecration of language 214 Discourse, power and the multilingual world 218 Multilingualism and symbolic domination 218 Practical knowledge and linguistic resources 220 Multilingualism and the State 222 Multilingualism and citizenship 224 Multilingualism and symbolic racism 227 Racist discourse and polyphonic voice 228 Multilingualism and gender 229 The New and the Old 231 The debate moves on 234 Monolingual ideology in a multilingual state 236 Multilingual Britain: Some ways forward 239 Notes 244 Chapter 1 244 Chapter 4 244 Chapter 5 244 Chapter 6 245 Chapter 7 247 Chapter 8 247 References 250 Name index 260 Subject index 262 The series Discourse Approaches to Politics, Society and Culture 264 In Discourse And Power In A Multilingual World The Discourse Of Politicians And Policy-makers In Britain Links Languages Other Than English, And Therefore Speakers Of These Languages, With Civil Disorder And Threats To Democracy, Citizenship And Nationhood. These Powerful Arguments Travel Along 'chains Of Discourse' Until They Gain The Legitimacy Of The State, And Are Inscribed In Law. The Particular Focus Of This Volume Is On Discourse Linking 'race Riots' In England In 2001 With The Nationality, Immigration And Asylum Act 2002, Which Extended Legislation To Test The English Language Proficiency Of British Citizenship Applicants.--jacket. Ch. 1. Language, Ideology And Power -- Ch. 2. Language Ideologies In Multilingual Contexts -- Ch. 3. Discourse And Discrimination In The Social Arena -- Ch. 4. Political Discourse And The Rhetoric Of Discrimination -- Ch. 5. Political Discourse And The Media -- Ch. 6. Representing The Voice Of The People -- Ch. 7. The Legitimation Of Discriminatory Discourse -- Ch. 8. Discourse, Power And The Multilingual World. Adrian Blackledge. Includes Bibliographical References (p. [239]-248) And Indexes.

blackledge (u. Of Birmingham) Examines How Political Language In The Uk Links Languages Other Than English, And Therefore Speakers Of Those Languages, With Threats To Civil Order, Democracy, Citizenship And Nationhood. He Is Particularly Interested In So-called Race Riots In The Uk And The 2002 Nationality, Immigration And Asylum Act, Which Made Testing Of English Language Proficiency A Part Of The Process Of Applying For British Citizenship. Although Blackledge Finds Evidence That Change May Come In Time, At The Present It Is Fairly Obvious That One Of The Best Ways To Marginalize People In The Uk At Present Is To Focus On Language And Its Many Complexities. Blackledge Accomplishes His Study By Developing A Theoretical And Methodological Framework On Critical Discourse Analysis, Largely Based On Bakhtin's Thought On The Dialogic Nature Of Discourse And Bourdieu's Model Of Symbolic Domination. Annotation ©2006 Book News, Inc., Portland, Or