Digital video distribution in broadband, television, mobile, and converged networks : trends, challenges, and solutions

A unique treatment of digital video distribution technology in a business context, Digital Video Distribution in Broadband, Television, Mobile and Converged Networks explores a range of diverse topics within the field through a combination of theory and practice to provide the best possible insight and exposure. The theoretical foundations inside assist a fuller understanding of the technologies used in practice, while real-world examples are correspondingly used to emphasize the applicability of theory in the commercial world. Fully illustrated throughout to help explain the fundamental concepts of digital media distribution, Digital Video Distribution in Broadband, Television, Mobile and Converged Networks is divided into three major parts starting initially with the basic industry trends that have been driving the adoption of video and making its distribution over the Internet an economically viable solution. This is followed with detail descriptions of challenges and solutions in distributing video in ‘open’ networks such as the Internet. The final part focuses on the challenges and solutions for distributing video in ‘closed’ networks such as the managed network of Telcos. Provides an A to Z of digital video distribution featuring technology, business, research, products and case studies. Features research topics exploring P2P Streaming, Digital Video Distribution over Disruption-Tolerant Networks and Scalable Video on Demand. Includes real world product descriptions on Transcoders, such as Rhozet, and IPTV Quality of Service Monitoring product, such as Ineoquest. DIGITAL VIDEO DISTRIBUTION IN BROADBAND, TELEVISION, MOBILE AND CONVERGED NETWORKS......Page 3 Contents......Page 7 About the Author......Page 15 Preface......Page 17 PART ONE TECHNOLOGY TRENDS......Page 19 1.1 Industry Convergence......Page 21 1.2 Device Convergence......Page 22 1.4 Service Convergence......Page 23 References......Page 27 2.1.1 Block Transform......Page 29 2.1.4 Compressing Even Further......Page 30 2.2.1 Motion Estimation and Compensation......Page 31 2.2.2 Group of Pictures (GOP)......Page 32 References......Page 33 3.1 Internet Television and Video over IP......Page 35 3.1.2 Distribution......Page 36 References......Page 37 4.1 Multicast in IPTV Networks......Page 39 4.2 Multicast in Mobile Networks......Page 40 4.3 Summary......Page 42 References......Page 43 5 Technology Trend and its Impact on Video on Demand Service over Internet......Page 45 5.1 Open versus Closed Networks......Page 46 5.2 Open Networks......Page 48 5.3 Closed Networks......Page 49 5.4 Summary......Page 51 References......Page 52 6 Summary of Part One......Page 53 PART TWO CHALLENGES OF DISTRIBUTING VIDEO IN OPEN NETWORKS......Page 57 7.1.2 Bandwidth......Page 59 7.2.1 Content Distribution Network (CDN)......Page 60 7.2.2 Hosting......Page 62 7.2.3 Hosting versus CDN......Page 63 7.2.4 Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Networks......Page 65 7.2.5 P2P Networks for Content Download......Page 66 7.2.7 CDN versus Caching......Page 68 7.2.8 Hybrid Networks......Page 70 7.2.9 Combining Caching and P2P......Page 71 7.3 Summary......Page 74 References......Page 75 8.1 Resource Estimation......Page 79 8.2 P2P Networks for Streaming......Page 80 8.2.2 Tree-Based P2P Streaming......Page 82 8.2.3 Mesh-Based P2P Streaming......Page 85 8.2.4 Scalability of P2P Networks......Page 89 8.2.5 Comparison of Tree-Based and Mesh-Based P2P Streaming......Page 91 8.3.1 Some Statistics of P2P Traffic......Page 92 8.3.2 Alternative Techniques to Deal with P2P Traffic in ISPs Network......Page 93 8.3.4 P4P Framework......Page 94 8.4 Summary......Page 95 References......Page 96 9 Broadcast Television over the Internet......Page 99 9.1.2 Storage......Page 100 9.2.2 Design of DONet......Page 101 9.2.3 Evaluation of DONet......Page 105 9.2.4 GridMedia......Page 110 9.3.2 Download Dish TV for PC Internet Streaming......Page 120 9.3.7 Online TV Live......Page 121 9.4 Summary......Page 122 References......Page 123 10.1.1 Intellectual Property Asset Creation and Capture......Page 125 10.1.2 Intellectual Property Asset Management......Page 126 10.2 Modeling Content in DRM Functional Architecture......Page 127 10.3 Modeling Rights Expression in DRM Functional Architecture......Page 128 10.4.3 License Distribution......Page 129 10.4.4 License Creation and Assignment......Page 130 10.5 Summary......Page 131 References......Page 132 11.1 QoE Cache: Designing a QoE-Aware Edge Caching System......Page 133 11.1.2 Streaming Optimizer......Page 134 11.1.5 DNS Optimizer......Page 135 11.1.6 TCP Optimizer (Details)......Page 136 11.1.7 Streaming Optimizer (Details)......Page 138 11.1.8 Web Proxy/Cache (Details)......Page 140 11.1.9 Streaming Proxy/Cache (Details)......Page 141 11.1.10 DNS Optimizer (Details)......Page 142 11.2 Further Insights and Optimizations for Video Streaming over Wireless......Page 143 11.2.2 Functional Enhancements to the Basic QoE-Cache......Page 144 11.2.3 Benefits Due to Basic QoE Cache......Page 145 11.2.4 Functional Enhancement to Generic QoE Cache......Page 146 11.3 Performance of the QoE Cache......Page 148 11.3.2 Streaming......Page 149 11.3.3 Performance on a Typical Day......Page 151 11.4.1 Capability of handling Live Streams in addition to Video-on-Demand......Page 153 11.4.4 Video Bit Rate Adaptation for HTTP-Based Progressive Download......Page 154 11.5 Summary......Page 155 References......Page 156 12.1 Introduction......Page 159 12.2 Design Principles......Page 160 12.3.1 Delay and Disruption Tolerant Networking (RFC 4838)......Page 162 12.3.2 BBN’s SPINDLE......Page 165 12.3.3 KioskNet......Page 168 12.4 Converged Architecture......Page 172 12.4.1 Cache and Forward Network Design Goals......Page 173 12.4.2 Architecture......Page 174 12.4.3 Protocols......Page 176 12.4.4 Performance of Protocols in CNF Architecture......Page 179 12.5 Summary......Page 184 References......Page 185 13 Summary of Part Two......Page 187 PART THREE CHALLENGES FOR DISTRIBUTING VIDEO IN CLOSED NETWORKS......Page 191 14 Network Architecture Evolution......Page 193 15.2 Requirements for Providing IPTV Services......Page 195 15.3.1 Bandwidth......Page 196 15.3.3 Resolution......Page 197 15.4.1 Data Encapsulation......Page 198 15.4.2 Transmission Protocols......Page 199 15.5.1 Unicast Transport for Video-on-Demand (VoD)......Page 210 15.5.2 Multicast Transport for Live TV......Page 211 15.6 Summary......Page 226 References......Page 227 16.2 Challenges in Synergizing the Networks and Avoiding Duplication......Page 229 16.3.4 Template for Applications......Page 232 16.4 Commercial Transcoders......Page 233 16.4.2 Important Features......Page 234 16.4.5 Rhozet: Summary......Page 238 16.5.1 Solution Architecture Diagram......Page 240 16.7 Case Study: Virtual Personal Multimedia Library......Page 242 16.8 Summary......Page 243 References......Page 245 17.1.1 Standard-Definition TV (SDTV): Minimum Objectives......Page 247 17.1.2 High-Definition TV (HDTV): Minimum Objectives......Page 249 17.2 QoS Requirements: Transport Layer......Page 250 17.2.1 Standard-Definition Video: Minimum Objectives......Page 253 17.2.2 High-Definition Video: Minimum Objectives......Page 254 17.3 QoS Requirements: Network Layer......Page 255 17.4.1 QoE Requirements for Channel Zapping Time......Page 256 17.5.1 Trick Latency......Page 258 17.6 IPTV QoS Requirements at a Glance......Page 259 References......Page 260 18 Quality of Service (QoS) Monitoring and Assurance......Page 263 18.1 A Representative Architecture for End-to-End QoE Assurance......Page 264 18.2.2 Monitoring Point Definitions......Page 266 18.2.3 Monitoring Parameters......Page 267 18.2.5 Multi-Layer Monitoring......Page 274 18.2.6 Video Quality Monitoring......Page 276 18.2.7 Audio Quality Monitoring......Page 279 18.3.1 IQ Pinpoint – Multidimensional Video Quality Management......Page 280 18.3.2 Headend Confidence Monitoring......Page 283 18.4 Summary......Page 284 References......Page 285 19 Security of Video in Converged Networks......Page 287 19.1 Threats to Digital Video Content......Page 288 19.2.1 DRM Systems......Page 289 19.2.3 Content Protection for Recordable Media and Pre-Recorded Media (CPRM/CPPM)......Page 291 19.2.8 High-Bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP)......Page 292 19.4.1 Content in Converged Networks......Page 293 19.4.3 Threats in Converged Networks......Page 295 19.5 Requirements of a Comprehensive Content Protection System......Page 296 19.6.1 Technical Assumptions......Page 297 19.6.2 Major Components of UCOMAP......Page 298 19.7 Case Study: Secure Video Store......Page 300 19.8 Summary......Page 302 References......Page 303 20 Challenges for Providing Scalable Video-on-Demand (VoD) Service......Page 305 20.1 Closed-Loop Schemes......Page 306 20.1.1 Batching......Page 307 20.1.2 Patching......Page 308 20.1.3 Batched Patching......Page 309 20.1.4 Controlled (Threshold-Based) Multicast......Page 310 20.1.5 Batched Patching with Prefix Caching......Page 311 20.2 Open-Loop Schemes......Page 314 20.2.3 Harmonic Broadcasting......Page 315 20.2.4 Pyramid Broadcasting......Page 316 20.2.5 Skyscraper Broadcasting......Page 317 20.2.6 Comparison of PB, PPB and SB......Page 318 20.2.7 Greedy Disk-Conserving Broadcast (GDB)......Page 319 20.3 Hybrid Scheme......Page 320 20.4 Summary......Page 321 References......Page 322 21 Challenges of Distributing Video in Mobile Wireless Networks......Page 325 21.1 Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS)......Page 326 21.1.1 MBMS User Services......Page 328 21.1.2 MBMS Architecture......Page 330 21.1.3 MBMS Attributes and Parameters......Page 334 21.1.4 Multicast Tree in Cellular Network......Page 335 21.1.5 MBMS Procedures......Page 336 21.1.7 Usage of MBMS Channel Structure......Page 337 21.1.8 MBMS Security......Page 340 21.2 Digital Video Broadcast – Handhelds (DVB-H)......Page 344 21.3 Forward Link Only (FLO)......Page 345 21.4 Digital Rights Management (DRM) for Mobile Video Content......Page 348 21.5 Summary......Page 349 References......Page 350 22 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) and IPTV......Page 353 22.1.1 Layering on IMS Architecture......Page 354 22.1.2 Overview of Components in IMS Architecture......Page 355 22.1.3 Some Important Components in IMS Architecture......Page 359 22.2 IMS Service Model......Page 362 22.3.1 SIP Registration/Deregistration......Page 363 22.3.2 IMS Subscriber to IMS Subscriber......Page 364 22.4.1 Functional Architecture and Interfaces......Page 365 22.4.3 Discovery and Selection of IPTV Service and Establishment of an IPTV Session......Page 366 References......Page 368 23 Summary of Part Three......Page 371 Index......Page 377 'A unique treatment of digital video distribution technology in a business context, "Digital Video Distribution in Broadband, Television, Mobile and Converged Networks" explores a range of diverse topics within the field through a combination of theory and practice to provide the best possible insight and exposure. The theoretical foundations inside assist a fuller understanding of the technologies used in practice, while real-world examples are correspondingly used to emphasize the applicability of theory in the commercial world. Fully illustrated throughout to help explain the fundamental concepts of digital media distribution, "Digital Video Distribution in Broadband, Television, Mobile and Converged Networks" is divided into three major parts starting initially with the basic industry trends that have been driving the adoption of video and making its distribution over the Internet an economically viable solution. This is followed with detail descriptions of challenges and solutions in distributing video in 'open' networks such as the Internet. The final part focuses on the challenges and solutions for distributing video in 'closed' networks such as the managed network of Telcos. Provides an A to Z of digital video distribution featuring technology, business, research, products and case studies. Features research topics exploring P2P Streaming, Digital Video Distribution over Disruption-Tolerant Networks and Scalable Video on Demand. Includes real world product descriptions on Transcoders, such as Rhozet, and IPTV Quality of Service Monitoring product, such as Ineoquest.'--P.[4] cover