Digital Technologies and Applications: Proceedings of ICDTA’23, Fez, Morocco, Volume 2 (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 669)

Preface Organization Acknowledgments Contents Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Data Analysis Study on Determining Household Poverty Status: Evidence from SVM Approach 1 Introduction 2 Support Vector Machine 3 Data and Application 3.1 Data 3.2 Instruments and Software 3.3 Result of Support Vector Machine Application with Different Kernel 4 Discussion and Interpretation of the Results 5 Conclusion References The Generation of Power from a Solar System Using a Variable Step Size P&O (VSS P&O) and Comparing It to a Grey Wolf Metaheuristic Algorithm (GWO) 1 Introduction 2 PV Panel Modeling and Characteristics 2.1 Effect of Solar Irradiation 2.2 Effect of Temperature 3 DC-DC Converter 4 The Analyzed System's Control 4.1 Variable Step Size P&O (VSS P&O) 4.2 Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Bio-Inspired Optimisation Algorithm for Congestion Control in Computer Networking 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 2.1 Network Congestion 2.2 Bio-Inspired Optimisation Algorithms 3 Methodology 3.1 Behavior and Characteristics of Rabbit, Fox, and Grass 3.2 Relating Proposed Bio-Inspired Characteristics to Network Congestion Characteristics 3.3 Mathematical Model of Rabbit, Fox (Predator-Prey) Characteristics 3.4 Flow Chart 3.5 Pseudocode – Step by Step of the Fox Prey Optimisation Algorithm 4 Benchmark Test Functions 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusions References Fingerprint Classification Models Based on Bioinspired Optimization Algorithm: A Systematic Review 1 Introduction 1.1 Bioinspired Optimization 2 Methodology 2.1 Research Identification 2.2 Research Strategy 2.3 Study Selection 2.4 Quality Assessment 2.5 Data Extraction 2.6 Data Synthesis and Analysis 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Fingerprint Classification Based on Bioinspired Algorithm 4 Conclusion References Inspired Nature Meta-Heuristics Minimizing Total Tardiness for Manufacturing Flow Shop Scheduling under Setup Time Constraint 1 Introduction 2 The Statement of MFSSSDST Optimization Problem 2.1 Example 3 Solution Approaches 3.1 The ABC Metaheuristic 3.2 The Genetic Algorithm 3.3 The MBO Metaheuristic 4 Computational Result 5 Conclusion References Punishing the Unpunishable: A Liability Framework for Artificial Intelligence Systems 1 Introduction 2 Technological Advancements and Thinking Machines 3 Black-Box Algorithms 4 Principles of Robotics 5 Liability Framework 5.1 Criminal Liability Model: The Need for Legal Personhood 5.2 Civil Liability Model: Strict Liability, Product Liability and Vicarious Liability 6 Conclusion and Suggestions References Acceptability Aspects of Artificial Intelligence in Morocco: Managerial and Theoretical Contributions 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Artificial Intelligence: Conceptual Framework 2.2 Artificial Intelligence (AI) Limitations and Hazards 2.3 The UTAUT Model: Definition and Basic Model 2.4 The TAM Theory 3 Methodology 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Goodness of Fit of a Statistical Model 5 Conclusion References The Use of Learning Algorithms in Business Intelligence Tools to Enhance Customer Feedbacks 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 The Concept of Customer Feedback Management 2.2 The Nature and Potential of Business Intelligence 2.3 Usage of Machine Learning and Deep Learning in Business Intelligence Tools 3 Methodology 3.1 Description of the Research Issue -Machine Learning and Deep Learning 3.2 Survey of Different BI Tools 4 Results 4.1 The Results of Sentiment Analysis and Improvement by Deep Learning and Machine Learning Methods 4.2 Survey of Different BI Tools 5 Discussion of the Results 6 Recommendations 7 Conclusion References Improving the Performance of Public Transport Bus Services: Analytics Approach to Revenue Forecasting 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Time Series Forecasting Model 2.2 Multiple Linear Regression 2.3 The SARIMAX Model 3 Application (Case Study) 3.1 Data Collection and Analysis 3.2 Forecasting Model 3.3 Comparison of the Two Models 4 Conclusion and Future Directions References Multi-level Governance and Digitalization in Climate Change: A Bibliometric Analysis 1 Introduction 2 Method 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Research Trends and Coauthorship Related to Multilevel Governance and Digitalization on Climate Change Issues 3.2 Multi-level Governance and Digitalization in Climate Change: As Future Global Mitigation Efforts 4 Conclusion References Machine Learning Approach for Reference Evapotranspiration Estimation in the Region of Fes, Morocco 1 Introduction 2 Empirical Equation and AI Related Work 2.1 Empirical Equations for Evapotranspiration 2.2 Artificial Intelligence for the ET0 Prediction 3 Materials and Methods 3.1 Study Area and Climate Data 3.2 Missing Data and Analysis 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Performance Metrics 4.2 Choice of the Best Model 5 Conclusion References Data Augmentation and Deep Learning Applied for Traffic Signs Image Classification 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Data Description 2.2 Data Augmentation 2.3 Training from Scratch 2.4 Transfer Learning 3 Results and Analysis 4 Conclusion References Arabic Speech Emotion Recognition Using Deep Neural Network 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Arabic Speech Emotion Recognition 3.1 Feature Extraction 4 Recurrent Neural Network Classifier 5 Methodology and Results 5.1 Dataset 5.2 Data Preparation and Preprocessing: 5.3 Feature Extraction 5.4 Data Vectorization 5.5 Modeling 5.6 Result 6 Comparative and Discussion 7 Conclusion References A Chatbot’s Architecture for Customized Services for Developmental and Mental Health Disorders: Autism 1 Introduction 2 Mental and Developmental Health Issues and Chatbots 3 Chatbot’s Considerations 3.1 Personalized Chatbots 3.2 Chatbot Types 3.3 General Architecture 4 Architecture’s Chatbot for a Developmental Disease 5 Conclusion and Future Work References Machine Learning with Reinforcement for Optimal and Adaptive Learning 1 Introduction 2 Litérature Review 3 Artificial Intelligence in Education 4 Contributions of Adaptive Learning: The Personalization of Courses 4.1 Adaptive Learning System 4.2 Development of Adaptive AI Learning Solutions in Education 5 Artificial Intelligence at the Service of Education 6 Conclusion References Incorporating Deep Learning and Sentiment Analysis on Twitter Data to Improve Tourism Demand Forecasting 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Materials and Methods 3.1 Methodology 3.2 Historical Data 3.3 Social Media Data 3.4 Preprocessing 3.5 Normalization 3.6 Sentiment Analysis Model: VADER (Valence Aware Dictionary and sEntiment Reasoner) 3.7 Forecasting Model 3.8 Model Performance Evaluation 4 Results 5 Conclusions References A Deep Learning Model for Diabetic Retinopathy Classification 1 Introduction 2 State of the Art 3 Our Solution 3.1 Data Understanding 3.2 Image Preprocessing 3.3 CNN Modeling Approach 3.4 Discussion and Comparison 4 Conclusion References A Forecasting Model for the Energy Requirements of an Office Building Based on Energy Modeling and Machine Learning Models – A Case Study of Morocco 1 Introduction 2 Prediction ML Model for Building Energy Efficiency and Thermal Comfort 2.1 Utilization of the ML Model in Occupancy Forecasting for Energy Savings 2.2 The Effect of the Application ML Model on Thermal Comfort 2.3 The Impact of Incorporating the Smart Meters for Tracking Energy Management 2.4 The Effect of Predicting Energy Consumption on Building Performance 3 Materials and Methods 3.1 Case Studies 3.2 Data Analysis Process 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 The Result of Forecasting Annual Energy Needs Using Simulation in Trnsys 4.2 The Result of Forecasting Annual Energy Needs Implementation of ML Model 5 Conclusion References Internet of Things, Blockchain and Security and Network Technology Blockchain Technology for Audit Firms: Perspectives and Challenges 1 Introduction 1.1 The Emergence of Blokchain Technology 1.2 Blokchain Technology for Audit Profession 2 Blockchain Technology: Mechanisms of Application 2.1 Blockchain Mechanisms 2.2 Blockchain Types 2.3 The Application of Blockchain System for Audit Procedures 3 Blockchain Technology: Mechanisms of Application in Audit Procedures 3.1 Research Methodology 3.2 Findings: Blockchain’s Implication in Audit Procedures 4 Conclusion References Blockchain Security Attacks: A Review Study 1 Introduction 2 Background 3 Types of Security Attacks on the Blockchain 3.1 Blockchain Network Attacks 3.2 User Portfolio Attacks 3.3 Smart Contract Attacks 3.4 Attacks on the Transaction Verification Mechanism 4 ECDSA Failure 5 Comparison of Security Attacks Against Crypto-Currencies 6 Analysis 7 Conclusion References Classification of Coordinators’ Limitations in Cyber-Physical Production System Management 1 Introduction 2 The Role of the Coordinator in CPPS Management 3 Approaches of PMS Integration: Characteristics 4 Approaches Comparison: Coordinators and System Limitation 5 Conclusion References Cryptography in Distributed Ledger Technologies from a Layered Perspective: A State of the Art 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods: The DCEA Framework 2.1 Data Layer 2.2 Consensus Layer 2.3 Execution Layer 2.4 Application Layer 3 Analysis and Discussion: Cryptographic Techniques in Blockchain Platforms from a Layered Perspective 3.1 Data Layer 3.2 Consensus Layer 3.3 Execution Layer 3.4 Application Layer 3.5 Recommendations 4 Conclusion References New Topology of WSN for Smart Irrigation with Low Consumption and Long Range 1 Introduction 2 Proposed System 3 Evapotranspiration 4 Description of Hardware Platform and Method 4.1 Hardware Platform 4.2 Development Method 4.3 Node Consumption 5 Implementation and Results 5.1 Visualization Platform 6 Conclusion References A Literature Review of Internet of Vehicle Based Blockchain 1 Introduction 2 Systematic Literature Review Methodology 2.1 Plan the Review 2.2 Conduct the Review 2.3 Report the Review 3 Research on Blockchain-Based IoV 3.1 General purpose 3.2 AI and ML for IoV 3.3 Blockchain Performance in the IoV 3.4 IoV Management 3.5 Privacy and Security 4 Limitations and Future Directions 5 Conclusion References Tiny Machine Learning for IoT and eHealth Applications: Epileptic Seizure Prediction Use Case 1 Introduction 2 Background 2.1 Internet of Things 2.2 e-Health 2.3 Artificial Intelligence for IoT and eHealth 2.4 Machine Learning in e-Health 2.5 Machine Learning for Epileptic Seizure Prediction 2.6 TinyML as a Candidate for Embedded Intelligence in e-Health 3 Related Works 4 Machine Learning Workflow 4.1 Data Acquisition and Collection 4.2 Data Preparation 4.3 Algorithm Choice 4.4 Training and Testing 4.5 Evaluation 4.6 Inference and Prediction 5 TinyML Workflow 5.1 Convert Our Model 5.2 Deployment, Inference, and Real-Time Data Streaming 6 Results and Discussion 7 Conclusion References A Simulation Framework for IoT Networks Intrusion and Penetration Testing 1 Introduction 1.1 Challenges 1.2 Contributions 2 Background 2.1 Internet of Things 2.2 Low-Level Networking Simulation 2.3 Security Threats 3 Related Work 3.1 Iot Simulators 3.2 Analysis and Discussion 4 Proposed System 4.1 General Architecture 4.2 Use Case 5 Conclusion References A New Four Ports Multiple Input Multiple Output Antenna with High Isolation for 5G Mobile Application 1 Introduction 2 Antenna Design 3 Results and Simulations 4 Parametric Study 5 Comparison Study 6 Conclusion References Isolation Improvement Using a Protruded Ground Structure in a 2 * 2 MIMO Antenna 1 Introduction 2 Design Steps 3 Results and Discussion 4 Performance Comparison 5 Conclusion References A Novel Two-Port MIMO Configuration in Dual Band 26/38 GHz with High Isolation in the Ground Plane for 5G Applications 1 Introduction 2 Single Antenna Design 3 Two-Element MIMO Antenna 3.1 Antenna Configuration 3.2 Antenna Parameters Analysis 3.3 Effect of Defective Ground Structures (DGS) 4 Results and Discussion for the Proposed MIMO Antenna 5 Comparison of the Proposed MIMO Antenna with Other Existing Antenna Designs 6 Conclusion References Modeling and Analysis of Short Distance Terahertz Communication Channel 1 Introduction 2 Communication Chain 2.1 Digital Processing 3 Spatial Modeling of the Propagation Channel 4 Simulation of the Propagation Channel Under Terahertz Conditions 4.1 Simulation Results 4.2 Channel Impulse Response 5 Conclusion References Android-Based Attendance Management System 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 Barcode and QR Code 2.2 Radio Frequency Identification 2.3 Biometric Authentication 3 System Overview 3.1 Software Architecture 4 Methodology 5 Proposed Approach 6 System Testing 7 Conclusion References Fano Resonance in a Defective Network Formed by Helmholtz Resonators with Extended Necks 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Model 2.1 Transmission Loss of the HREN 2.2 Transmission of Periodic HRENs Containing Defects 3 Device Architecture and Measurement Principle 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Digital Transformation and E-Learning The Digitalization of the Moroccan Higher Education Sector in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Context of the Study 4.2 Distance Learning During COVID-19: Between Satisfaction and Difficulties 4.3 Pedagogical Perspectives in Digital Learning 5 Conclusion References Heritage Preservation, a Specific Territorial Resource in the Era of the Smart City: The Role of Innovation and Digital Technology 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Heritage as a Territorial Resource 2.2 Digital and Innovative Technologies in “SMART Cities”: Which Role in the Preservation of Territorial Heritage? 3 Methodology 3.1 Establishment of the Research Theme 3.2 Launching and Organization of the Research 3.3 Selection and Analysis of Reference Cases 3.4 Consultation of the Actors of the City of Fez 4 Results 5 Discussion 6 Conclusion References Media and Cyberbullying in Political Communication Among Nigerians: Implications to Development 1 Introduction 2 Diffusion of Innovation and Development Theory 3 Politics and Political Communication 4 Cybercrime and Cyberbullying in Nigeria 5 Media and Development Communication 6 Cases of Cyberbullying in Political Communication 7 Conclusion: The Media in Dissipating Cyberbullying in Political Communication References Hospital Performance and Managerial and Digital Innovation: Impact of Universal Health Coverage 1 Introduction 2 Brief Review of Theoretical and Empirical Literature 2.1 Defining Hospital Performance in Relation to Performance Models 2.2 Managerial Innovation in Hospitals 3 Theoretical Conceptual Model of the Study and the Central Research Hypothesis 4 Research Methodology and Process 5 Results 5.1 Before Universal Health Coverage 5.2 After the Generalization of Universal Health Coverage 6 Discussions 7 Conclusions References Teachers’ Motivational Intervention Towards EFL Learners’ Oral Performance: A Quantitative Approach 1 Introduction 2 The Objectives of the Study 3 Methods 3.1 Study Design and Setting 3.2 Participants 3.3 Materials and Instrumentations 3.4 Data Collection Procedures 4 Data Analysis 5 Results 6 Discussion 7 Conclusion References BERTopic and LDA, Which Topic Modeling Technique to Extract Relevant Topics from Videos in the Context of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs)? 1 Introduction 2 Topic Modeling 2.1 LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) 2.2 BERTopic 3 Research Methodology 3.1 Dataset 3.2 Pre-processing 3.3 cv Measure Coherence 4 Results 4.1 LDA Topics Extraction and Topics Coherence Measurement 4.2 BERTopic Topics Extraction and Topics Coherence Measurement 4.3 Comparison Between LDA and BERTopic Models 5 Conclusion and Future Work References Blockchain-Based Higher Educational Data Management: Enhanced Architecture for Data Security 1 Introduction 2 Blockchain – An Exploration 3 Big Data in Higher Education 4 Blockchain Technology-Based Systems in Higher Education 5 Conceptual Framework 6 Implications for Future Research 7 Conclusion References Gender, Area, and School Streams Factors on Design Perception and Experiences in Educational Games as Learning Environments 1 Introduction 2 Educational Games and Demographic Factors 2.1 Gender and Games 2.2 Area and Games 2.3 School Streams and Games 3 Research Hypothesis 4 Methods 4.1 Participants 4.2 Experience Based Design Graphic Style (EBDGS) Prototypes 5 Results 5.1 Gender and Student Experience’s 5.2 Areas and Student Experience’s 5.3 School Streams and Experience’s 6 Discussions 7 Conclusions and Implications References Impact of Integrating Digital Educational Resources on Student Motivation in Learning Nuclear Transformations 1 Introduction 2 Problematic 2.1 Digital Resources and Motivation to Learn Nuclear Physics 2.2 Purpose of the Research 2.3 Research Sub-question 3 Experimental Method 4 Learning Device 5 Methods of Investigation 5.1 Learning Sessions 6 Analysis and Interpretation of Results 7 Discussion and Perspectives 7.1 Response to the Research Question 8 Conclusion Annexs References Quality Assurance and Quality Practices in Teaching and Learning Data Sciences and Artificial Intelligence 1 Introduction 1.1 Trends and Gaps in Teaching DS/AI Research 1.2 Analysis and Assumptions 2 Quality Framework for Learning and Teaching DS/AI 2.1 Criteria and Standards 2.2 Foundations and Pillars of the Quality Framework for Learning and Teaching DS/AI 3 Discussion 4 Conclusion References Perceptions of Filipino Pre-service Teachers Toward the Quality of Online Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Research Design 2.2 Participants 2.3 Research Tool 2.4 Data Collection 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Perceptions About Online and Face-to-Face Learning 3.2 Factors Affecting Quality of Online Learning 3.3 Perceived Quality of Online Learning 4 Conclusion References E-Learning and Education 4.0: Revolution in Education of 21st Century 1 Introduction 1.1 Objectives 2 Methodology 2.1 Emergence of Industrial Revolution 4.0 [5] 2.2 Emergence of Education 4.0 2.3 Education 4.0: An Overview 2.4 Education 4.0 Has Nine Crucial Trends According to Fisk [9] 3 Benefits of Education 4.0 and Digitalization of Education 4 Challenges of Education 4.0 for Students 5 Conclusion References Image and Information Processing Optimal Color Image Watermarking Based on DWT-SVD Using an Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm 1 Introduction 2 The Techniques Used 2.1 Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) 2.2 Decomposition into Singular Values (SVD) 2.3 Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA) 3 Proposed Method 3.1 Embedding Process 3.2 Extraction Process 3.3 AOA‑based Watermarking Algorithm 4 Experimental Results 4.1 The Imperceptibility Analyses 4.2 Robustness Analyses 5 Conclusion References An Overview of the Impact of Partial Occlusions on Automatic Facial Expression Recognition 1 Introduction 2 Facial Occlusions: Impact and Solutions 2.1 Impact of Occlusions 2.2 Exploitation of Visible Areas of the Face 2.3 Reconstruction of Hidden Areas of the Face 3 Existing Evaluation Protocols Proposed in the Literature 3.1 Databases 3.2 Occlusion Strategies 3.3 Learning and Testing 3.4 Summary and Evaluation Results of the Methods 4 Conclusion References Face Recognition: A Mini-Review 1 Introduction 2 Main Steps for Face Recognition 3 Face Recognition Methods 3.1 Holistic Method 3.2 Local Method 3.3 Hybrid Method 4 Datasets for Face Recognition 5 Conclusion References Improved Fusion of SVD and Relevance Weighted LDA Algorithms via Symmetric Sum‑Based Rules for Face Recognition 1 Introduction 2 Proposed Method 2.1 Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) 2.2 Relevance Weighted LDA 2.3 MIN-MAX Normalization 2.4 Fusion Rules 3 Experimental Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Image Captioning: An Understanding Study 1 Introduction 2 Image Captioning 2.1 Dataset 2.2 Image Features Extraction 2.3 Natural Language Processing (NLP) 2.4 Evaluation Metrics 3 Literature Review of Image Captioning 3.1 Approaches Based on Visual Content 3.2 Language Template-Based Approaches 3.3 Deep Learning-Based Approaches 3.4 Image Captioning Based on the Encoder-Decoder Architecture 3.5 Image Captioning Based on the Attention Mechanism 3.6 Image Captioning Based on Semantic Concepts 3.7 Images Captioning Using Transformers 3.8 Dense Captioning 4 Implementations and Discussion 4.1 Attention-Based Captioning 4.2 Transformer-Based Captioning 5 Conclusion References A Comparison Between LSTM and Transformers for Image Captioning 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Methodology 3.1 Image Caption Datasets 3.2 VGG 16 3.3 LSTM 3.4 Transformers 4 Experimental Results 5 Discussion 6 Conclusion References Multi-platform Framework for Pattern and Image Processing 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Framework Development 2.2 Characterize and Represent Images 2.3 Object Oriented Web Canvas and JavaScript 2.4 Chromatic Analysis 3 Methodology 3.1 WebApp for Multiple Platforms 3.2 Object Oriented Implementation 3.3 Color Discretization 3.4 Image Processing Algorithms 4 Results 4.1 Framework Architecture 5 Conclusions References Random Forest for Semantic Segmentation Using Pre Trained CNN (VGG16) Features 1 Introduction 2 Related Methods 2.1 Convolutional Neural Network 2.2 Random Forest 3 Proposed Method 3.1 Preprocessing 3.2 The Extraction of Features 3.3 Segmentation Based on Random Forest 4 Experiments and Results 5 Conclusion References The Polygonal Technique for Constructing Islamic Geometric Patterns 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Construction of Periodic Tilings with Polygons 3.1 Crystallographic Group 3.2 Construction of Periodic Tilings 4 Polygons in Contact Method (PIC) 5 Conclusion References LabVIEW Implementation of Bio-signal Zero-Watermarking Using Tchebichef Moments 1 Introduction 2 Tchebichef Moments Computation 3 Proposed Method for Bio-signal Zero-Watermarking 3.1 Phase of Zero-Watermark Image Creation 4 Simulation Results 5 Conclusion References A Robust Approach for Arabic Document Images Segmentation and Indexation 1 Introduction 2 Document Image Analysis 2.1 Structure of Document Images 2.2 Physical Structure Extraction of Documents 3 Text/Graphic Separation from a Document Image 3.1 Segmentation of Document Images 3.2 Segmentation into Words 4 The Proposed Approach 4.1 Segmentation and Region Extraction 4.2 Word Matching 5 Implementation Results 6 Conclusion References New Arabic Word Embeddings to Improve NLP Applications 1 Introduction 2 Sate of Art 2.1 Word2Vec 2.2 Fast TEXT 2.3 BERT 2.4 Arabic Word Embedding 3 Alkhalil Morpho Sys Analyzer 4 Description of the Developed Embedding Model 4.1 Pre-processing 4.2 Neural Network Architecture 4.3 Visualization of Generated Vectors 5 Evaluation 6 Conclusion References Advanced Technologies in Energy and Electrical Engineering Cascaded Control Based on Super Twisting Algorithm for DC-DC Converter 1 Introduction 2 Model of DC-DC Buck Converter 3 Cascade Structure Based SOSMC with STA 4 Stability Analysis 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Optimisation and Performance Evaluation of a Standalone Renewable Energy System in Congo-Brazzaville 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Proposed System Description 2.2 Load Profile 2.3 Energy Resources and Input Parameters 2.4 Optimisation Problem 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Bearing Ball Fault Diagnosis of an Induction Machine by Using the Hilbert Transform and the Performance of Intelligent Control 1 Introduction 2 Induction Machine and Bearing Fault Model 3 Artificial Neural Networks - Direct Torque Control 4 Specific Bearing Ball Fault Frequency 5 Hilbert Transform 6 Simulation Results and Interpretation 7 Conclusion Appendix References Control of a Full-Bridges Five Levels Inverter: Experimental Validation 1 Introduction 2 Structure 3 Command Description 4 Simulation Results 5 Practical Results 6 Interpretation 7 Conclusion References Energy Efficiency Model-Based Predictive Maintenance for Induction Motor Fault Prediction Using Digital Twin Concept 1 Introduction 2 Energy Efficiency and Maintenance 3 Loss-Based Induction Motors BRBF Detection and Prediction 3.1 IMs Losses and Failures Interdependencies 4 Result and Discussion 4.1 Discussion and Perspective 5 Conclusion References Feasibility Study of PV-Powered Hydrogen Vehicles in Morocco: An Assessment 1 Introduction 2 Hydrogen-Powered Transportation System 2.1 Hydrogen-Powered vehicles 2.2 Refueling Hydrogen Vehicle 2.3 Hydrogen Production from Electricity 3 Energy Requirements for the Transportation Sector in Morocco 4 Assessment of the Renewable Energy Resources in Morocco 5 Potential of Hydrogen-Generation in Morocco 5.1 Hydrogen Generation with Solar Photovoltaic Systems 5.2 Hydrogen Production from Wind Power 5.3 Hydrogen Production from Hydropower 6 Conclusion References Comparative Study of Optimal Frequency Control in a Microgrid via a PID and (1 + PD)-PID Controllers 1 Introduction 2 Modeling of Studied Microgrid 2.1 PV System 2.2 Wind Turbine Generator (WTG) 2.3 Fuel Cell (FC) 2.4 Energy Storage System (ESS) 2.5 Diesel Engine Generator (DEG) 2.6 Thermal Generator (ThG) 2.7 Power System Modeling 3 Control Methodology 3.1 Control Strategies 3.2 Optimization Techniques 4 Simulation Results and Discussion 4.1 Study 1: Influence of Devices 4.2 Study 2: Influence of Controllers 4.3 Study 3: Influence of Optimization Algorithm 5 Conclusion References Grid-Connected PV System Simulation Study 1 Introduction 2 PV Grid Connected System 2.1 Modelling of PV 2.2 MPPT Control 2.3 Modelling of the PV Inverter 3 Simulation Model 4 Conclusion and Perspectives References Toward Smarter Power Transformers in Microgrids: A Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning for Diagnostic 1 Introduction 2 State of Art: Current Smart Transformers in Research Phase 3 Multi-agent System Deep Reinforcement Learning 4 Architecture of the Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning in SEMS 5 Conclusion References Energy Management and Voltage Control of Standalone DC Microgrid with Energy Storage and Modified P&O MPPT Algorithm 1 Introduction 2 Microgrid Modeling 2.1 PV System 2.2 Battery 2.3 Energy Management System 3 Simulation Results 4 Conclusion References Experimental Performance Study of an Isolated PV Water Pumping System Used for Agricultural Irrigation in Zagora-Morocco Semi-arid Area 1 Introduction 2 System Description and Methodology 2.1 PV Generator 2.2 Kit of the Pump Description 3 System Installation and Start-Up 3.1 PV System and Pump Sizing 3.2 Real Components System 3.3 Parameter Efficiencies 4 Experimental Results and Discussion 4.1 The Monthly Experimental Results 4.2 The Seasonal Experimental Results 4.3 System Comparison with Other Photovoltaic Systems 5 Conclusion References Analysis and Comparison of Mathematical Models PV Array Configurations (Series, Parallel, Series-Parallel, Bridge-Link and Total-Cross-Tied) Under Various Partial Shading Conditions 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Equivalent Modeling of PV Module 3 Modeling Simulation and Discussion of 3 × 3 PV Configurations Under Various Partial Shading Conditions 3.1 Series (S) PV Configuration 3 × 3 3.2 Parallel (P) PV Configuration 3 × 3 3.3 Series-Parallel (SP) PV Configuration 3 × 3 3.4 Bridge-Link (BL) PV Configuration 3x3 3.5 Total-Cross-Tied (TCT) PV Configuration 3x3 3.6 Comparative Study and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Ecological Hammam in Fez: Design of a Combined Biomass and Solar Thermal Energy System 1 Introduction 2 Description System 3 Method 3.1 The Hydraulic Floor Heating Sizing Algorithm 3.2 Production of Hot Water by Biomass 3.3 Solar Installation 4 Energy Simulation 5 Results and Discussion 5.1 Calculation Result 5.2 Economic Study 5.3 Environmental Impact Study 6 Conclusion References A Mathematical Model for an Optimal PV System with Battery and Hydrogen Energy Storage 1 Introduction 2 Modeling Methodology 2.1 Mathematical PV Generator Model 2.2 Physical BESS Model 2.3 Mathematical HESS Model 3 The Optimized Model 3.1 General Model 4 The Optimized Model 5 Simulations Results 6 Conclusion References Application of Superconducting Magnet Energy Storage to Improve DFIG Behavior Under Sag Voltage 1 Introduction 2 DFIG Model 2.1 DFIG Model Under Normal Operation 2.2 DFIG Model Under Voltage Dip 3 Association of the SMES in DFIG System 3.1 SMES System 3.2 Power DC Control 4 Simulations Results 5 Results Analyse 6 Conclusion References Comparative Analysis of Predictive and Direct Power Control Strategies for PMSG-Based WECS 1 Introduction 2 The System Topology 2.1 Mathematical Model of the Turbine 2.2 Mathematical Model of PMSG 3 Synthesis of Control 3.1 Direct Power Control DPC 3.2 Predictive Power Control PPC 4 Simulation Results 5 Conclusion References Intelligent Direct Power Control Based on the Neural Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Controller of a DFIG 1 Introduction 2 General Model of the DFIG-WEC System 3 Novel Intelligent DPC Approach 4 Simulation Results 5 Conclusion References Deadbeat Predictive Control Strategy of a Wind System Based on the DFIG Generator 1 Introduction 2 Modelling of the DFIG 3 Application of Deadbeat Predictive Control on the DFIG Wind Power System 4 Machine-Side Control 5 Grid-Side Control 6 Results and Simulation 7 Conclusion References Implementation and Demonstration of Threat Over CAN Bus for Automotive Embedded System Equipped with ADAS 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Background 3.1 Vehicle Investigation 3.2 Test Model and CAN Devices 4 Experiment and Result 4.1 CAN Bus Load by Injection Attack 4.2 Cruise Control Acceleration Attack 5 Conclusion and Future Work References Resource Allocation of a Modular ANN Implementation Using LabView and FPGA Board 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Proposed ANN Implementation 3.1 Inputs, Weight, and Bias Generation 3.2 Desired Output Module 3.3 Activation and Loss Functions Module 3.4 Feed-Forward Module 3.5 Weight and Bias Updating Module: 3.6 The Final Model 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Digital vs Analog Low Dropout Regulators a C