Digital Cities II: Computational and Sociological Approaches: Second Kyoto Workshop on Digital Cities, Kyoto, Japan, October 18-20, 2001. Revised Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (2362))

This book presents revised full papers contributed to the Second Kyoto Workshop on Digital Cities, held in Kyoto, Japan, in October 2001. The 29 thoroughly reviewed papers presented together with an introduction are organized in topcial sections on - concepts and theory - politics of the digitial city movement - examples of digital cities - evaluations - architectures for digital cities - technologies for digital cities Digital Cities II Preface Organization Table of Content Introduction: Digital Cities Research and Open Issues What Is a Digital City? Digital Cities Research: An Overview of This Volume Issues for Further Research eferences Little Boxes, Glocalization, and Networked Individualism From Little Boxes to Social Networks Towards Glocalization Little Boxes Glocalized Networks The Rise of Networked Individualism From Place-To-Place to Person-To-Person Specialized Roles Implications for Computer Supported Social Networks References Privacy, Predictability or Serendipity and Digital Cities Preface The City of Social Relationships The City, the Digital City, the Individual, and Place Dis-placement , Connection, Disconnection and the City Parables of Connection. The following story appeared in the New York Times on May 31,2001. The Physical Infrastructure and Communication The Psycho-Social Infrastructure: Digital Cities and Human Needs Control, Surveillance, Privacy, and Cities Regulatory Infrastructure Conclusions Epilogue References Regularities in the Formation and Evolution of Information Cities Introduction The Spatial Order of the Web Economy Power Law-Based Competitive Dynamics of Web Sites under Informational Increasing Returns: A Computational Model with Agents Behavioral Foundations Computational Implementation Set-Up of the Model Aggregate Dynamics: Distribution of Web Sites’ Sizes Evolution in Time of Web Sites’ Sizes. Unpredictable Evolution Paths, Variable Growth Rates, and Relative Performance Awards Robustness of the Results and Issues under Further Investigation. References Communication of Social Agents and the Digital City - A Semiotic Perspective Introduction Concept of Digital City Metaphor of City Navigation with Digital City Approach Semiotics Structure for Producing Meaning Self-Organizing Digital City Communication Definition of Digital City Discussion and Conclusions Acknowledgement References Digital Cities and Digital Citizens The Digital City Digital Citizens in the Digital City New Opportunities New Responsibilities New Challenges Socio-Technical Systems That Promote Citizenship Community Networks Other Ideas Computer Scientists, Digital Citizens, and Digital Cities Actions for the Future References Designing Democratic Community Networks: Involving Communities through Civil Participation Introduction What Is Meant by Community? Three Distinct Yet Interrelated Senses of Community Community Practice and Community ICT Initiatives Lessons from Previous Community ICT Experiences Community Involvement Community Practice Social Inclusion Technology Funding Organizations and Partnerships Sustainability Democratic Design Criteria for Community ICT Initiatives - A Normative Framework Toward Democratic Community Toward Democratic Politics Toward Democratic Work Securing Democratic Sustainability Enabling Active Community Participation Conclusion References TeleCities - Digital Cities Network TeleCities Digital Cities and eGovernment Digital City Vienna ICT Strategies Developed by the City of Vienna eGovernment in Vienna Other ICT Projects References The Camfield Estates-MIT Creating Community Connections Project: Strategies for Active Participation in a Low- to Moderate-Income Community Introduction History of the Camfield Estates-MIT Project Background & Theory: Sociocultural Constructionism and an Asset-Based Approach to Community Technology and Community Building Camfield Estates-MIT Project Methodology Recommendations Conclusion References Community Websites as a Local Communication Network: "Directory Westfield", an Experience Report Introduction The Site Site Tour Initial Provisioning and Merchant Responses Debut Site Design The Public Site The Member Role The Sponsor Role The Webmaster Role Responses to the Project Public Members Partners Discussion Appendix: Community Network References and Resources Ennis Information Age Town: Virtuality Rooted in Reality Introduction Ennis Information Age Town: An Overview Confirming Ennis' Digital Status Key Initiatives: Four Building Blocks Creating an ICT Infrastructure: Facilitating Access and Integration Developing Skills : Providing a Progressive Training Route Public Sector Projects: Preparing for E-citizenship The Ennis Website; the Evolution of a New Communication Medium Conclusion References Feasibility Study of Digital Community through Virtual Enterprise Network Introduction Japan Network of Virtual Companies (JNVC) Aim of the Project Virtual Company Business Partner Central Office E-trade Banking System Experiment of Case Study: JNVC 2000 Participants Project Schedule 1st stage: Prior preparation 2nd stage: Introduction (1st term, April to June) 3rd stage: Operation of the VC (2nd and 3rd terms, September to January) Collaboration with Businesses and Its Outcomes Goko High School: Business partners: Mitsutoyo and Kureryohai Cooperative Association. Ooe High School Business partners: Gunze Miyazu Factory, and Ooe Town Chamber of Commerce and Industry (OTCCI). Saikyo Commercial High School Business partners: 23 shops from the Association for the Promotion of Kyoto Sanjokai Shopping Street, Osaka Gas, and Kyocera. Evaluation Conclusions Acknowledgements. This work has been supported by CREST of the Japan Science and Technology Corporation. References Knowledge-Based Economic Services Supported by Digital Experiments Introduction Knowledge Management and the Use of Networked Information Technologies Building Digital Experiments to Link Virtual and Real Spaces The Project Starting Points Objectives of the Project Digital Infrastructure Supporting Knowledge-Based Services The Learning Environment Conclusions References Community Network Development: A Dialectical View Introduction Advanced Technology Community Networks Community Network Development as Dialectic Conclusion References The Complexity of Using Commercial Forces to Counteract the Digital Divide: A Case Study of the TUC of Sweden Introduction Background TUC and Its Activities to Counteract the Digital Divide The Project Access Kumla The Autonomy/Harmony Model Method Result Providing High Quality, Low Cost Access to Computers Creating a Community Network Improving Local Democracy with the Help of IT Discussion Conclusions References Lessons Learned: Social Interaction in Virtual Environments Introduction: Design Objectives and Background V-Chat & Virtual Worlds Platform: Overview Research Process and Methods Lessons Learned Overview The Individual The Social Dynamics The Environment Summary References Worlds Apart: Exclusion-Processes in DDS Introduction Methods Selection of the ‚'Outsiders' The Design-Choices in DDS 3.0 The First-Time Users Understanding of DDS The Metaphor The Learning-Process Conclusions References Log Analysis of Map-Based Web Page Search on Digital City Kyoto Introduction Map-Based Web Page Search: InfoMap Basic Idea Search Functions Back-End System Architecture Contents Access Frequency Analysis Function Level Log Analysis Category Search Keyword Search Content Level Log Analysis Conclusion References Connecting Digital and Physical Cities Why Digital Cities What Is Real? Perceptual Information Infrastructure Social Agents Applications Cross-Cultural Communication in Digital Cities Acknowledgement References Twin Worlds: Augmenting, Evaluating, and Studying Three-Dimensional Digital Cities and Their Evolving Communities Introduction Collaborative Information Visualizations & Twin Worlds Collaborative Memory Palaces Mirror Gardens Twin Worlds in Action – The SLIS Document Space Discussion References Creating City Community Consanguinity: Use of Public Opinion Channel in Digital Cities Introduction Public Opinion Channel Prototype POC System Overview of the Prototype POC System POCViewer Community Broadcasting Server How Effective Is the POC?: Social Psychological Findings The Summary of the Experiment Method Results Summary Discussion Accessibility of a POC Related Work Conclusion References Agent-Based Coordination of Regional Information Services Introduction Issues in Regional Information Services Distributed Information Sources Heterogeneous Information Adaptation to Various Users Information Integration An Agent-Based Framework for Coordinating Regional Information Services Basic Architecture Adaptation to Information Source by Mediation Services Adaptation to User Based on User Model Current Implementation User Agent Server Agent Related Work Conclusions References Realization of Digital Environmental Education -- A Future Style of Environmental Education in Dynamically Changing Virtual Environment Introduction Environmental Education through Communication Local Activities with Global Viewpoints Critical Thinking through Communication Realization of Digital Environmental Education An Overview of DigitalEE Collaborative Interaction via Changing 3D Virtual Nature Environmental Education through Worldwide Communication Practical Experiences Accumulated in 3D Virtual Nature Interactive Virtual Visits to the Past Natural Environment Universal Participation in Environmental Education Original Concepts as Research on Digital Cities Exploration of Digital Environmental Education Communities The 3D Spatial Metaphor of Attractive Real Forest A Digital City Adopting Seasonal Changes of the Real World Universal Participation of People in Real and Virtual Worlds Real-Time Information Integration at Participants' Requests Conclusions and Future Work References A 3-D Photo Collage System for Spatial Navigations Introduction Overview of a 3-D Photo Collage System STAMP Methods of Creating Pseudo 3-D Spaces Basic Associations Manually Reducing Shape Distortions Adding Metadata to Photos Methods of Navigating Pseudo 3-D Spaces Walkthrough Link-Levels Transcoding from Space to Time Implementation and Experiment Conclusions References Study on Mobile Passenger Support Systems for Public Transportation Using Multi-channel Data Dissemination Introduction Digital Cities and Public Transportation Mobile Passenger Support Systems for Public Transportation System Configuration Central Server Local Servers Mobile Terminals Data Delivery and Personalized Supports to Passengers Fixed Data Sources Moving Data Source Channel Organization Functions of Mobile Terminal Procedures for Information Integration and Dynamic Personalization Data Acquisition from Passengers and Demand-Oriented Services Prototype System for Visually Disabled Passengers Field Test in an Actual Station At Tokyo Concluding Remarks References Spatial Information Sharing for Mobile Phones Introduction Requirements for Walking Navigation Using Spatial Information Sharing Walking Navigation Contents Layers and Access Control Contents Sources for Spatial Information System Configuration and Functions Applications for Walking Navigation Guidance for ATM Location of Bank Hotel Reservation and Confirmation Push Delivery for One-to-One Marketing Experiences Conclusion Acknowledgement References Agents in the World of Active Web-Services Introduction Evolution of E-services towards Web-Services Web-Services Peer-to-Peer Computing Mobile and Personal The Semantic Layers of Web-Services Communications Description Semantic Layers Towards Active Web-Services What Has Fundamentally Changed in Agents since 20 Years? Progress in Agent Technology From an Agent-Centric to an Agent-Integrated World The Agent Standard FIPA [FIPA00] Open Source Implementations: 1st Generation Open Source Implementations: 2nd Generation HP's Blueprint for Future Active Web-Services HP's Implementation Effort on Active Web-Services Based on Bluestone Current Implementation Deployment of Active Web-Services The Agentcities Project [AC00] Towards a Global Network Agentcities Applications Agentcities Task Force Conclusion Thanks References Town Digitizing for Building an Image-Based Cyber Space Introduction Image-Based Cyber Space Town Digitizing Technique Image Data Acquisition Parameter Estimation Smooth Interpolation Virtual City Models References Language Design for Rescue Agents Introduction Distributed Rescue Simulation System Overview Kernel and Basic Libraries Expert Simulator Modules Agent Simulation Modules Agent's Activity and Communication Simulation Layered Commutation Model Basic Syntax Syntax for Content Location Based Communication Concluding Remark Comparison with HLA Situated Communication Complex Logical Forms Languages for Rescue Agents Link to the Real World References Urban Pilot Context Hypothesis Design Theory Filtering Layering Networking Design Prototype Careful Exploration of a Place Day-to-Day Relaxed Navigation of the Place Conclusions References Author Index