Dielectric phenomena in solids : with emphasis on physical concepts of electronic processes

In general, a dielectric is considered as a non-conducting or insulating material (such as a ceramic or polymer used to manufacture a microelectronic device). This book describes the laws governing all dielectric phenomena. · Cover......Page 1 Half Title Page......Page 2 Title Page......Page 4 Copyright......Page 5 Dedication Page......Page 6 Contents......Page 8 Preface......Page 16 1. Introduction......Page 20 1.1 Maxwell’s Equations......Page 21 1.2 Magnetization......Page 28 1.3 Electromagnetic Waves and Fields......Page 51 1.4 Dimensions and Units......Page 53 References......Page 57 2.1 Fundamental Concepts......Page 60 2.2 Electric Polarization and Relaxation in Static Electric Fields......Page 71 2.3 The Mechanisms of Electric Polarization......Page 77 2.4 Classification of Dielectric Materials......Page 97 2.5 Internal Fields......Page 98 2.6 Electric Polarization and Relaxation in Time-Varying Electric Fields......Page 105 2.7 Dielectric Relaxation Phenomena......Page 124 References......Page 131 3.1 Nature of Light......Page 134 3.2 Modulation of Light......Page 147 3.3 Interaction between Radiation and Matter......Page 163 3.4 Luminescence......Page 183 3.5 Photoemission......Page 200 3.6 Photovoltaic Effects......Page 210 References......Page 226 4.1 Introductory Remarks......Page 232 4.2 Ferroelectric Phenomena......Page 235 4.3 Piezoelectric Phenomena......Page 276 4.4 Pyroelectric Phenomena......Page 288 References......Page 298 5.1 Introductory Remarks......Page 302 5.2 Formation of Electrets......Page 303 5.3 Charges, Electric Fields, and Currents in Electrets......Page 309 5.4 Measurements of Total Surface Charge Density and Total Charges......Page 313 5.5 Charge Storage Involving Dipolar Charges......Page 316 5.6 Charge Storage Involving Real Charges......Page 322 5.7 Basic Effects of Electrets......Page 332 5.8 Materials for Electrets......Page 335 5.9 Applications of Electrets......Page 340 References......Page 342 6.1 Concepts of Electrical Contacts and Potential Barriers......Page 346 6.2 Charge Carrier Injection through Potential Barriers from Contacts......Page 364 6.3 Tunneling through Thin Dielectric Films between Electrical Contacts......Page 383 6.4 Charge Transfer at the Metal–Polymer Interface......Page 395 References......Page 397 7.1 Introductory Remarks......Page 400 7.2 Ionic Conduction......Page 401 7.3 Electronic Conduction......Page 406 7.4 Bulk-Limited Electrical Conduction......Page 425 7.5 Bulk-Limited Electrical Conduction Involving Two Types of Carriers......Page 442 7.6 High-Field Effects......Page 462 7.7 Transitions between Electrical Conduction Processes......Page 474 7.8 Current Transient Phenomena......Page 482 7.9 Experimental Methodology and Characterization......Page 491 7.10 Quantum Yield and Quantum Efficiency for Photoconduction......Page 499 7.11 Generation of Nonequilibrium Charge Carriers......Page 501 7.12 Photoconduction Processes......Page 509 7.13 Photosensitization......Page 522 7.14 Transient Photoconduction......Page 524 References......Page 528 8.1 Electrical Aging......Page 534 8.2 Electrical Discharges......Page 547 8.3 Electrical Breakdown......Page 568 References......Page 588 Index......Page 592 In general, a dielectric is considered as a non-conducting or insulating material (such as a ceramic or polymer used to manufacture a microelectronic device). This book describes the laws governing all dielectric phenomena.

· A unified approach is used in describing each of the dielectric phenomena, with the aim of answering "what?", "how?" and "why" for the occurrence of each phenomenon;
· Coverage unavailable in other books on ferroelectrics, piezoelectrics, pyroelectrics, electro-optic processes, and electrets;
· Theoretical analyses are general and broadly applicable;
· Mathematics is simplified and emphasis is placed on the physical insight of the mechanisms responsible for the phenomena;
· Truly comprehensive coverage not available in the current literature. "This book describes the laws governing the dielectric phenomena of solids. These are mainly induced and spontaneous electrical polarization and relaxation processes, and the behavior of free and trapped charge carriers responsible for the macroscopic electrical and optical properties of materials. The topics covered in this book are fundamentally important not only for dielectric materials, but also for electronic materials whose properties may be directly or indirectly associated with some of the dielectric phenomena."--Jacket The basic distinction between a semiconductor and a dielectric (or insulator) lies in the difference in the energy band gap. The only available, comprehensive reference on dielectric phenomena in solids