Diagnosis and Surgical Therapy of Infantile Corneal Opacities (In Clinical Practice)

The book provides a condensed overview of the diagnostics, genetics and current treatment options for congenital corneal opacities and dysgenesis of the anterior segment of the eye. Concise yet detailed presentation of the most important clinical congenital corneal opacities and their differential diagnoses including color illustrations are depicted throughout the book. Diagnosis and Surgical Therapy of Infantile Corneal Opacities includes up-to-date and scientifically reviewed therapy options for specific congenital corneal diseases. Ophthalmologists seeking a clear and concise congenital corneal disease reference guide will find this book to be an indispensable resource in their daily clinical practice. Prologue This Essay Features: Contents 1: Introduction 1.1 The Aims of Corneal Surgical Care for Children Are: References 2: Anatomy, Physiology, Metabolism and Embryology of the Cornea 2.1 Anatomy of the Cornea 2.1.1 Epithelium 2.1.2 Bowman’s Membrane 2.1.3 Stroma 2.1.4 Dua Layer 2.1.5 Descemet’s Membrane 2.1.6 Endothelium 2.2 Physiology of the Cornea 2.3 Corneal Metabolism 2.4 Innervation of the Cornea 2.5 Embryology 2.5.1 Ocular Vesicle and Lens Placode 2.5.2 Lens and Cornea 2.5.3 Retina References 3: Anamnesis, Examination and Further Diagnostics 3.1 Anamnesis 3.2 Examination and Further Diagnostics References 4: Clinic and Genetics References 5: Primary Corneal Disease 5.1 Corneal Dystrophies 5.1.1 Epithelial and Subepithelial Dystrophies in Childhood 5.1.1.1 Epithelial Recurrent Erosive Dystrophy (ERED) 5.1.1.2 Subepithelial Mucinous Erosive Dystrophy (SMCD) 5.1.1.3 Lisch Epithelial Corneal Dystrophy (LECD) 5.1.1.4 Meesmann Corneal Dystrophy (MECD) 5.1.2 Dystrophies of the Bowman Lamella 5.1.2.1 Granular Corneal Dystrophy Type I, Classical Form 5.1.2.2 Granular Corneal Dystrophy Type II, Avellino Dystrophy 5.1.2.3 Rice-Bückler’s Corneal Dystrophy, Granular Corneal Dystrophy Type III 5.1.2.4 Lattice corneal dystrophy (LCD I) 5.1.3 Dystrophies of the Stroma 5.1.3.1 Macular Corneal Dystrophy 5.1.4 Endothelial Dystrophies in Childhood 5.1.4.1 Posterior Polymorphous Corneal Dystrophy (PPCD) 5.1.4.2 Congenital Hereditary Endothelial Dystrophy (CHED) 5.1.4.3 Congenital Hereditary Stromal Dystrophy (CHSD) 5.1.4.4 X-Linked Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy (XECD) 5.2 Corneal Structure Defects Due to Dermoids 5.3 CYP1B1 Cytopathy 5.4 Peripheral Sclerocornea References 6: Secondary Corneal Disease: Developmental Abnormalities of the Anterior Segment 6.1 Irido-Corneal Dysgenesia 6.2 Irido-Trabecular Dysgenesis 6.3 Ectasia of the Anterior Segment 6.4 Keratoglobus 6.5 Brittle Cornea Syndrome (BCS) 6.6 Microcornea as a Form of Anterior Section Anomaly 6.7 Primary Congenital Glaucoma 6.8 Intracorneal Cyst References 7: Secondary Corneal Disease: Acquired Corneal Disease 7.1 Metabolic Disease 7.1.1 LCAT Deficiency 7.1.2 Cystinosis 7.1.3 Tyrosinemia Type 2 7.1.4 Ichthyosis, X-Linked Recessive 7.1.5 Morbus Fabry 7.2 Trauma 7.3 Infectious Keratitis 7.4 Conjunctivitis Vernalis 7.5 Further Etiologies for Infantile Corneal Opacities References 8: Surgical Procedures for Congenital Corneal Opacity 8.1 Special Features of Corneal Surgery and Post-Operative Examination 8.2 The Child’s Phototherapeutic Keratectomy (PTK) 8.3 Crosslinking at Keratoconus 8.4 Sectoral Iridectomy 8.5 Child Perforating Corneal Transplantation (PKP) 8.6 Pediatric Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK) 8.7 Pediatric Endothelial Transplantation 8.8 Pediatric Autorotation Keratoplasty 8.9 Pediatric Keratoprosthesis References 9: Conclusion