Detection of Optical and Infrared Radiation (Springer Series in Optical Sciences Book 10)

This text treats the fundamentals of optical and infrared detection in terms of the behavior of the radiation field, the physical properties of the detector, and the statistical behavior of the detector output. Both incoherent and coherent detection are treated in a unified manner, after which selected applications are analyzed, following an analysis of atmospheric effects and signal statistics. The material was developed during a one-semester course at M.I.T. in 1975, revised and presented again in 1976 at Lincoln Laboratory, and rewritten for publication in 1977. Chapter 1 reviews the derivation of Planck's thermal radiation law and also presents several fundamental concepts used throughout the text. These include the three thermal distribution laws (Boltzmann, Fermi-Dirac, Bose­ Einstein), spontaneous and stimulated emission, and the definition and counting of electromagnetic modes of space. Chapter 2 defines and analyzes the perfect photon detector and calculates the ultimate sensitivity in the presence of thermal radiation. In Chapter 3, we turn from incoherent or power detection to coherent or heterodyne detection and use the concept of orthogonal spatial modes to explain the antenna theorem and the mixing theorem. Chapters 4 through 6 then present a detailed analysis of the sensitivity of vacuum and semiconductor detectors, including the effects of amplifier noise. Front Matter....Pages I-VIII Thermal Radiation and Electromagnetic Modes....Pages 1-9 The Ideal Photon Detector....Pages 10-23 Coherent or Heterodyne Detection....Pages 24-38 Amplifier Noise and Its Effect on Detector Performance....Pages 39-42 Vacuum Photodetectors....Pages 43-51 Noise and Efficiency of Semiconductor Devices....Pages 52-82 Thermal Detection....Pages 83-100 Laser Preamplification....Pages 101-104 The Effects of Atmospheric Turbulence....Pages 105-109 Detection Statistics....Pages 110-120 Selected Applications....Pages 121-136 Back Matter....Pages 137-142