Designing Bipolar Transistor Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (Artech House Microwave Library (Hardcover))

Radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs) are an important part of today's wireless communications devices and infrastructure. An RFIC design approach involving cutting-edge bipolar technologies (GaAs HBT or SiGe HBT) has gained popularity among engineers due to its ability to maximize performance; however, it has been largely ignored in professional reference books. This book fills the gap, offering practitioners a detailed treatment of this increasingly important topic. From discussions of key applications (Bluetooth, UWB, GPS, WiMax) and architectures...to in-depth coverage of fabrication technologies and amplifier design...to a look at performance tradeoffs and production costs, this book arms engineers with complete design know-how for their challenging work in the field. Designing Bipolar Transistor Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits......Page 2 Contents......Page 8 Acknowledgments......Page 12 CHAPTER 1 Introduction......Page 14 References......Page 24 2.1 Cellular/PCS Handsets......Page 26 2.2 Cellular/PCS Infrastructure......Page 28 2.3 WLANs......Page 29 2.4 Bluetooth......Page 30 2.5 UWB......Page 31 2.6 WiMax......Page 32 2.8 Cognitive Radio......Page 33 2.9 Spectrum Allocation in the United States (All Frequencies in Megahertz)......Page 34 2.10 Physical Layer Standards......Page 35 References......Page 37 3.1 I/Q Receivers......Page 38 3.2 I/Q Modulators......Page 43 3.3 Nonzero IF Receivers......Page 45 3.4 Zero IF Receivers......Page 50 References......Page 54 4.1 Transistor Structures......Page 56 4.2 Device Models......Page 58 4.3 Passive Structures, Their Electrical Models, and Layout Design Rules......Page 61 4.4 Maximum Electrical Ratings......Page 80 References......Page 83 5.1 SiGe HBT Transistor Structures......Page 84 5.2 Transistor Device Models......Page 92 5.3 Passive Device Structures and Models......Page 94 5.5 CAD Layout......Page 99 References......Page 100 6.1 Low-Pass Filters......Page 102 6.3 Band-Pass Filters......Page 106 6.4 Differential Filters......Page 108 6.6 Splitters/Dividers......Page 112 6.7 Phase Shifters and Baluns......Page 115 References......Page 117 7.1 Matching Techniques......Page 118 7.3 Fano’s Limit......Page 119 7.4 Stability......Page 120 7.6 Differential Amplifiers......Page 122 7.7 Cascode Amplifiers......Page 124 References......Page 126 8.1 Noise Figure Concepts......Page 128 8.2 Noise Temperature......Page 129 8.4 Multistage Noise Figure Contributions......Page 130 8.5 Circuit Topologies for Low Noise......Page 131 8.6 Design Example 1: Single-Ended PCS LNA......Page 139 8.7 Design Example 2: Three-Transistor Hybrid Darlington Differential LNA Using SiGe Technology......Page 140 References......Page 145 CHAPTER 9 Power Amplifier Design......Page 146 9.1 Loadline Concepts......Page 147 9.2 Maximum Power and Efficiency......Page 149 9.3 Class AB Power Amplifiers......Page 152 9.4 Definitions of Nonlinear Performance Metrics......Page 154 9.5 Adjacent Channel Power Ratio......Page 158 9.6 Error Vector Magnitude......Page 159 9.7 Circuit Topologies for PAs......Page 160 9.8 Matching Circuit Options......Page 162 9.10 Bias Circuits......Page 163 9.11 Design Example 3: Wideband Gain Block Darlington Amplifier......Page 167 9.12 Design Example 4: Feedback Power Amplifier Design......Page 177 References......Page 184 10.1 Multistage LNAs......Page 186 10.2 Multistage Power Amplifiers......Page 188 10.4 Active Device Sizing......Page 190 10.5 Design Example 5: A Differential PCS PA......Page 194 References......Page 207 11.1 Mixer Basics......Page 208 11.2 Diode Mixers......Page 210 11.3 Single-Balanced Active Multiplying Mixers......Page 213 11.4 Fully Balanced Active Multiplying Mixers (Gilbert cell)......Page 218 11.5 I/Q Mixers......Page 230 11.6 I/Q Modulators......Page 232 11.7 Design Example 6: Cellular/PCS Downconverting Mixer RFIC......Page 234 References......Page 243 12.1 Frequency Doublers......Page 244 12.2 Frequency Triplers......Page 246 12.3 Frequency Translators......Page 248 References......Page 252 CHAPTER 13 Voltage-Controlled Oscillator Design......Page 254 13.1 Varactor Diode Basics......Page 255 13.2 Negative-Resistance Concepts......Page 261 13.4 Feedback Circuit Topologies for Producing Negative Resistance......Page 265 13.5 Frequency-Temperature Stability......Page 274 13.6 Phase Noise......Page 276 13.7 Quadrature Phase-Shifting Networks......Page 279 13.8 Ring Oscillators......Page 280 13.9 Design Example 7: 802.11a (Wi-Fi A) Differential VCO......Page 285 13.10 Figure of Merit......Page 291 13.11 Electronic Tuning and a Differential VCO Topology......Page 292 References......Page 294 14.2 “On-Chip” versus “Off-Chip” Component Decisions......Page 296 14.3 Minimizing Parasitics......Page 297 14.4 Testability......Page 298 14.5 Types of CAD Systems......Page 299 14.6 Foundry Comparison......Page 300 14.7 Reticle Assembly......Page 302 15.1 Levels of Integration......Page 306 15.2 Single-Ended versus Differential Topologies......Page 307 15.3 Process Technology Choices......Page 308 15.4 Area versus Performance Trade-offs......Page 309 15.5 Electrical Yield......Page 310 15.7 Production Costs......Page 311 Acronyms......Page 314 About the Author......Page 318 Index......Page 320

this Practical Resource Offers Engineers An In-depth And Up-to-date Understanding Of Bipolar Transistor Rfic Design. Unlike Most Books On The Market That Focus On Gaas Mesfet Or Silicon Cmos Process Technology, This Unique Volume Is Dedicated Exclusively To Rfic Designs Based On Bipolar Technology. Until Now, Critical Gaas Hbt And Sige Hbt Process Technologies Have Been Largely Neglected In Reference Books. This Book Fills This Gap, Providing A Detailed Treatment Of This Increasingly Important Topic.

professionals Discover A Wide Range Of Circuit Topologies That Are Optimized For Maximum Performance With Bipolar Devices. From Discussions Of Key Applications (bluetooth, Uwb, Gps, Wimax) And Architectures To In-depth Coverage Of Fabrication Technologies And Amplifier Design To A Look At Performance Trade-offs And Production Costs, This Book Arms Engineers With Complete Design Know-how For Their Challenging Work In The Field.

about The Author:
allen A. Sweet Is An Rf/microwave Communications Technology Consultant With More Than 35 Years Of Industry Experience And An Adjunct Professor Of Electrical Engineering At Santa Clara University

"This practical resource offers engineers an in-depth and up-to-date understanding of bipolar transistor RFIC design. Unlike most books on the market that focus on GaAs MESFET or silicon CMOS process technology, this unique volume is dedicated exclusively to RFIC designs based on bipolar technology. Until now, critical GaAs HBT and SiGe HBT process technologies have been largely neglected in reference books.This book fills this gap, providing a detailed treatment of this increasingly important topic." "Professionals discover a wide range of circuit topologies that are optimized for maximum performance with bipolar devices. From discussions of key applications (Bluetooth, UWB, GPS, WiMax) and architectures to in-depth coverage of fabrication technologies and amplifier design to a look at performance trade-offs and production costs, this book arms engineers with complete design know-how for their challenging work in the field."--BOOK JACKET If you’re looking for an in-depth and up-to-date understanding bipolar transistor RFIC design, this practical resource is a smart choice. Unlike most books on the market that focus on GaAs MESFET or silicon CMOS process technology, this unique volume is dedicated exclusively to RFIC designs based on bipolar technology. Until now, critical GaAs HBT and SiGe HBT process technologies have been largely neglected in reference books. This book fills this gap, offering you a detailed treatment of this increasingly important topic. You discover a wide range of circuit topologies that are optimized for maximum performance with bipolar devices. From discussions of key applications (Bluetooth, UWB, GPS, WiMax) and architectures... to in-depth coverage of fabrication technologies and amplifier design... to a look at performance tradeoffs and production costs, this book arms you with complete design know-how for your challenging work in the field. Focusing on a topic largely neglected in other books, this book provides engineers with a wide range of circuit topologies that are optimized for maximum performance with bipolar devices. Key applications such as Bluetooth, UWB, GPS, and WiMax are discussed, as are fabrication technologies and amplifier design issues