Design Tools and Methods in Industrial Engineering III: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Design Tools and Methods in Industrial ... 1 (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)

This book gathers original peer-reviewed papers reporting on innovative methods and tools in design, modeling, simulation and optimization, and their applications in engineering design, manufacturing, and other relevant industrial sectors. Based on contributions to the Third International Conference on Design Tools and Methods in Industrial Engineering, ADM 2023, held on September 6–8, 2023, in Florence, Italy, and organized by the Italian Association of Design Methods and Tools for Industrial Engineering, and the Department of Industrial Engineering of the University of Florence, this first volume of a 2-volume set focuses on advances in design for additive manufacturing, engineering methods in medicine, user-centred design, and industrial design and ergonomics. Further topics include design for sustainability, engineering education, experimental methods for product development, and advanced methods for product and process design. This book provides academics and professionals with a timely overview and extensive information on trends and technologies in industrial design and manufacturing. Foreword Letters to the Authors Preface Organization Contents Design for Additive Manufacturing FDM Printing Time Prediction Tuning Through a DOE Approach 1 Introduction 2 Estimated Time of Manufacturing: A Comparative Analysis 3 Design of Experiment Analysis 4 Discussion and Conclusions References Comparative Assessment of Simulation Tools in Design for Additive Manufacturing Process 1 Introduction and Research Background 2 Method 2.1 Evaluation Protocol 2.2 Metrics 3 Case Studies 3.1 Components 3.2 DfAM Tools 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Quantitative Metrics 4.2 Qualitative Metrics 4.3 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Investigation About the Impact of Nozzle and Chamber Temperatures and Infill Orientation on the Mechanical Behavior of 3D Printed PEEK Specimens 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results Analysis and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Assessment of the Achievable Dimensional Tolerances in 17-4PH Stainless Steel Parts Fabricated by Metal Binder Jetting 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Method 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Dimensional Accuracy 3.2 Dimensional Precision 4 Conclusions References Effects of Printing Speed and Thermal Post-processing Treatments on the Mechanical Properties of PEEK Processed by Fused Deposition Modeling Designing a 3D Printed Personal Protective Equipment for a Binocular Indirect Ophthalmoscopy 1 Introduction 2 PPE Design 3 Conclusions References 1 Introduction and Background 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussions 4 Conclusions References FDM Technology: Overhangs versus Layer Height Printability Performance Correlation 1 Introduction to Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 1.1 Overhangs in FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) 2 Methodology 2.1 Optimum Printability Condition of an Overhang 2.2 Printability Limit Condition: Maximum Achievable Overhang 3 Case Study 4 Conclusion References Prototyping a Mechanical Mounting System for the Photogrammetric Use of USB Microscopes 1 Towards the Micro-photogrammetric Use of USB Microscopes 2 Accessory Photogrammetric Component Design 3 Prototyping with Prusa I3 MK2.5S 4 First Conclusions References Design of Additive Manufactured Devices with Tailored Properties: Tackling Biomedical Challenges 1 Introduction 2 Design of Dental Implants with Optimized Properties 3 Design of 3D Advanced Structures for Cranioplasty 4 Conclusions References Additively Manufactured Lattice-Based Structures for Aeronautical Applications 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Tests 2.1 Compression Tests 2.2 Three-Point Bending Test 3 Numerical Analyses 3.1 Unit BCC Cell Properties – Compression and Shear Tests 3.2 Flexure Test 4 Conclusions References Concurrent Product and Process Design of an Additively Manufactured Engine Piston 1 Introduction 2 Methods and Tools 2.1 Simulation for Metal AM Processes 2.2 Concurrent Product-Process Design 3 Case Study 4 Results 5 Discussion References Surface Roughness Prediction in Fused Deposition Modeling: An Engineered Model 1 Introduction 2 Basic Principles 3 Design, Fabrication and Analysis of 3D Models 4 Conclusions and Future Trends References Machine Learning Trends in Design for Additive Manufacturing 1 Introduction 2 Background Research on Machine Learning 3 Applications and Methods 3.1 Geometrical Design Level 3.2 Process Configuration Level 3.3 Process Monitoring Level 4 Conclusion References Engineering Methods in Medicine A Fully Automated Procedure for the Creation of Digital Patient-Specific Surgical Guides for Ear Reconstruction 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Discussion and Conclusions References Manufacturing of Multilayer Replicas of Human Costal Cartilage for Realistic Medical Planning 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Material Choice for Costal Cartilage Replica 2.2 Multilayer Costal Cartilage Replica 3 Discussions and Conclusions References 3D Printing Methods in Medicine: The Case of an Aortic Section 1 Introduction 2 Method 3 Results 4 Conclusion References Preliminary Study of a 3D-Printed High-Fidelity Simulator for the Training on the EBUS TBNA Procedure 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Specimen’s Layout 2.2 Tracheal Portion 2.3 Lymph Nodes 2.4 Assembly 3 Results 4 Conclusions References Design and Development of Patient-Specific Medical Devices for Maxillofacial Surgery Through 3D Modeling, Topology Optimization, and Additive Manufacturing 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Case Studies 4 Results and Conclusions References Guidelines for Finite Element Modeling of Cell Adhesion Process 1 Introduction to Adhesion Phenomenon and Cellular Mechanotransduction 2 Physical Models of Cell Adhesion Mechanical Behavior 3 Examples of Finite Element Modeling Application to Adhesion Phenomena 4 Discussion and Conclusions References Metrological Protocol for Comparison of Digital and Analogic Articulators for Complete Dentures 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Clinical Protocol 2.2 Movement Mapping 2.3 Movement Comparison 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References A Methodology for the Dimensional and Mechanical Analysis of Surgical Guides 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions and Future Works References Short Overview on Trans-Septal Puncture Phantoms Materials and Manufacturing Technologies 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References A New Tool for Preoperative Planning of Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Shoulder Reconstruction 2.2 Prosthesis Reconstruction 2.3 Cutting Plane Scenario 2.4 Virtual Assembly 2.5 Parametric Model 3 Results 4 Conclusion References Statistical Shape Modelling as a Tool for Medical Reverse Engineering 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 CT Image Acquisition and Reconstruction 2.2 Geometrical Measurements 2.3 Statistical Shape Modelling (SSM) of the Lumbar Spine 3 SSM in the Medical Reverse Engineering 4 Conclusion References Towards Kinematic Assessment of Trendelenburg Gait After Total Hip Arthroplasty Using Mocap Systems 1 Introduction 2 Method 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Study of Stress Distribution in Press-Fit Transfemoral Implants: Standard Versus Patient-Specific Design 1 Introduction 2 Material and Method 2.1 CAD Model 2.2 FE Analysis 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References CNN-based Pose Estimation to Assist Medical Imaging 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Dataset 2.2 Model Selection 2.3 Model Training 3 Results 3.1 Model Performance 3.2 Patient Pose Check 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Environmental Sustainability of a Televisit Process: Definition of Parameters and Preliminary Results 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Application to a Case Study 3.1 Process Identification 3.2 Impacts Identification 3.3 Data Elaboration 3.4 Results Analysis 4 Conclusion References Human-Related and User-Centered Design A Personalized Expert Guide for the Hybrid Museums of the Future 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 AI-Enhanced Museum Guide 3.1 Artificial Intelligence for Museum Applications 3.2 AR Content 3.3 Application Architecture 3.4 Modules 4 Use and Preliminary Evaluation of the AI-Enhanced Museum Guide 5 Conclusion and Future Developments References An Active Noise Control System for Reducing Siren Noise Inside the Ambulance 1 Introduction to Active Noise Control 1.1 Characteristics of the Siren's Signal 2 Building Blocks to Reduce Real Siren Noise 3 Setting up the Laboratory Experiment 4 Experimental Results 5 Conclusions References Assistive Products for Accessible Tourism: Focus on Beach Wheelchairs 1 Introduction 2 Focus on Beach Wheelchairs 2.1 Market Analysis 2.2 Regulatory Framework Analysis for Beach Wheelchairs 3 A New Concept: the “SailOnSand – SOS” kit 4 Conclusions References A Cataloging Matrix-based Approach to Unify the Classification of Digital Games 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Data Analysis 4 Metadata for Cataloging 4.1 Definition 1 4.2 Definition 2 4.3 Definition 3 4.4 Definition 4 4.5 Definition 5 5 Discussion and Conclusions References Industrial Design and Ergonomics Virtual Reality in Design Methods: Case Study of an Automotive Design Product 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction of Design Processes 1.2 Virtual Reality Overview 2 Materials and Methods 3 Discussion 4 Results 5 Conclusions References Exploiting Immersive Virtual Reality for Investigating the Effects of Industrial Noise on Cognitive Performance and Perceived Workload 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Design of Experiment 2.2 Participants 2.3 Hardware 2.4 Virtual Environment and Acoustic Analysis 2.5 Measures 2.6 Experimental Procedure 3 Results 3.1 RQ1-Noise Effects on Users’ Performance, Perceived Workload, and Noise Annoyance 3.2 RQ2-Noise Effects on Physiological Signals 4 Conclusions References Semi-immersive Virtual Environment to Evaluate Working Conditions in Logistic Tasks Using NIOSH Method 1 Introduction 2 Ergonomic Evaluation Framework 3 Proposed Solution 3.1 Semi-immersive Environment 3.2 Real-Time Ergonomics Evaluation 4 Test and Results Discussion 5 Conclusion References Design for Sustainability and EcoDesign Prospective Life Cycle Assessment Based on Patent Analysis to Support Eco-design 1 Introduction 2 Literature Background 3 Methodology 3.1 REQUIREMENT 1 - Comparability 3.2 STEP 1 - Product Breakdown and Patent Search Based on Components 3.3 REQUIREMENT 2 – Data Quality 3.4 STEP 2 – Patent Selection and Data Extraction Filtration 3.5 REQUIREMENT 3 - Scale-Up 3.6 STEP 3 – Dynamic Patent Analysis 4 Case Study 5 Conclusions References Hydrofoil Technology: Current Applications and Future Developments for Sustainable Boating 1 Introduction 2 Introduction to Hydrofoil Sailing 2.1 Types of Hydrofoil Boats 2.2 Lift and Drag 3 Design Problems Identification 3.1 Hydrodynamic 3.2 Stability and Safety 3.3 Structural Problems and Materials 3.4 Green Propulsion 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Customization in Inventory Datasets: Effects on Life Cycle Assessment Results 1 Introduction 1.1 State of the Art 2 Approach 3 Case Study 3.1 Goal and Scope 3.2 Life Cycle Inventory 3.3 Results 3.4 Definition of Alternative Scenarios 4 Conclusion References An Analytical Tool to Support Decision-Making in the Design Phase 1 Introduction 2 Approach 2.1 Tool 3 Application 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References The Application of Circular Economy Principles Through Re-design, Scraps De-manufacturing, and Value Chains Merge 1 Introduction 1.1 Design for De-manufacturing: The Turning Point in CE 2 Materials and Method 3 Results 3.1 Scraps Characterization 3.2 Process Re-design 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Engineering Education Educational Test Bench for Full Field Vibration Measurements 1 Introduction 2 Measurement Approach 3 Experimental Equipment 3.1 Hardware Setup 3.2 Software Architecture 4 Experimental Results and Interpretation 5 Conclusions References Holistic Scientific-Technical Communication: A Teaching Proposal 1 Introduction 2 Technical Communication and Its Holistic Frame 3 Implementation 4 Conclusions References VR Lab: An Engaging Way for Learning Engineering and Material Science 1 Introduction 2 The VR Lab 2.1 The Design and Interaction of the Learning Stations 2.2 Tensile Test Station: Macro Behavior of Materials 2.3 The Micro Station for Metals 2.4 The Micro Station for Polymers 3 Discussion 4 Conclusions References VR Technical Drawing Learning Activity for College Engineering Students: Design, Development and Evaluation 1 Introduction 2 Design, Development, and Evaluation Process 2.1 VR Interaction Design 2.2 Evaluation Design 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Technical Drawing Performance 3.2 NASA Task Load Index 3.3 Usability 4 Conclusion References A Study on Educators' Requirements for Integrating VR in Post-secondary Classes 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Methodology 4 Data Analysis 5 Discussion and Conclusion References Virtual Reality Workshop for Massive Laboratory Learning Experience of Engineering Students 1 Introduction 2 Research Objective 3 Materials and Methods 3.1 VR Application 3.2 Participants 3.3 Methods 4 Results 5 Discussion References Experimental Methods in Product Development Directly Cooled Silicon Carbide Power Module: Pin-Fins Roughness Effect on Pressure Drop 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Experimental Reliability Assessment of ACEPACK SMIT Power Module 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Materials 2.2 Methods 3 Experimental Results 4 Conclusion References Design and Development of a Liquid Crystal Elastomers Infiltration Prototype 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results 4 Conclusions References Geometrical Product Specification, Geometric and Functional Characterization of Products A Tool for ISO GPS Diffusion and Knowledge Assessment in Industry and Academia 1 Introduction 2 Design of the Maturity Model 2.1 Maturity Model Preparation 2.2 Model Development 2.3 Assessment Tool Development and Testing 2.4 Evaluation Model 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Geometric Functional Specification for a Lifting Airfoil 1 Introduction 1.1 The Case Study 2 Geometric Specification of Airfoils 3 Materials and Methods 3.1 Tolerance Specification 3.2 Tolerance Synthesis 3.3 Inspection Procedure 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusions References Integrated Methods for Product and Process Design, Simulation, Analysis and Optimization Modelling and Simulation of Conformal Biomimetic Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Modelling of Conformal Shapes 2.2 Generation of the Irregular Lattice 2.3 Simulation Setup 2.4 Structural Design of the Scaffold 3 Results and Discussion References Leonardo da Vinci’s Pendular Mill: Towards a Physical Model for Museum’s Exhibits 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 The Pendular Mill 2.2 The Methodological Approach 3 Results 4 Discussions and Conclusions References CFD-Driven Shape Optimization of a Racing Motorcycle 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Original Geometry 2.2 Wind Tunnel Setup 2.3 CFD Simulation Setup 2.4 Optimization Workflow 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Wind Tunnel 3.2 Baseline CFD Simulation 3.3 Optimization 4 Conclusions References Application of Physics-Based Modeling Techniques as a Tool to Help the Development of More Electrified Off-Highway Machinery 1 Introduction 2 Market and Challenges 3 Methods and Tools 3.1 Hydraulics Material Handler 3.2 Testing 3.3 Modeling 4 Results 5 Conclusion and Future Works References A Methodology for Payload Design and Optimization of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles 1 Introduction 2 Methodology Description 2.1 System Layout and Requirements 2.2 Mechanical Design 2.3 Buoyancy Analysis and Foam/Ballast Computation 2.4 Hydrodynamic Assessment and Optimization 2.5 Manufacturing and Final Calibration 3 Experimentation 4 Conclusions References Numerical Modelling of Cryomodule Transportation with Nonlinear Wire Rope Isolators 1 Introduction 2 Cryomodule Numerical Model 2.1 FE Model 2.2 MB Model 2.3 Wire Rope Experimental Characterization 3 Numerical Results 4 Conclusions References MBSE for Performance Analysis and Tracing in Preliminary Design Through SysML Diagrams 1 Introduction 2 MBSE Design Framework According to V-Model 3 Use Case: Thermal Management System of Electrical Motor on a Hybrid Aircraft 4 Conclusions References Toward a Framework for Virtual Testing of Complex Machine Tools 1 Introduction 2 Method 3 Use Case 4 Concluding Remarks and Future Developments References A Structured Methodology for New Product Development Combining QFD and MCDM: Case Study on Router Bits 1 Introduction 2 Structured Methodology 3 Methodology Application: Case Study on a New Clamping System for Router Bit Knives 3.1 Project Planning and Product Requirements Definition with QFD and AHP 3.2 Conceptual Design and Evaluation 3.3 Embodiment Design and Selection 4 Conclusions References Computer-based Design and Manufacturing for the Reproduction of Classic Car Spare Parts 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results 3.1 Case Study 3.2 Source Identification and Input Phase 3.3 Computer-Based Design Phase 3.4 Computer-Based and Physical Prototyping Phases 3.5 Computer-Based Manufacturing Phase 3.6 Physical Manufacturing Phase 4 Discussion and Conclusion References Knowledge and Product Data Management Interoperability Between AR and CAD Systems for Industrial Applications 1 Introduction 2 AR Interoperability Issues 2.1 Data Exchange Between CAD and AR Platforms 2.2 AR Content Authoring 2.3 AR Content Specifications for Industrial Activities 3 CAD2AR: A CAD Automation Tool 3.1 Experiments and Results 4 Conclusions References VQR Scores Estimation Based on PCA Analysis 1 Introduction 2 Data Set Description 3 VQR Results Analysis 3.1 Single Index Analysis 3.2 PCA Analysis 3.3 Correlation with Different Scores 4 Estimation of Actual VQR Results 4.1 Estimation Reliability 4.2 Estimation Validation 5 Conclusions References Data Handling of 3D Geometric Model with Augmented Information for Cultural Heritage 1 Introduction 2 Computer-Based Method 3 Discussion and Conclusion References Design for Manufacturing and Assembly Development of an Assembly Procedure to Reduce the Uncertainty Propagation by Geometric Tolerance Stackup Analysis of a Complex Ion Source for Nuclear Physics Applications 1 Introduction 1.1 The Case Study 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Critical Analysis of the Current Alignment Procedure 2.2 The Proposed Assembly Procedure 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Assembly Procedures Comparison 4 Conclusions References Author Index