Design, Evaluation, and Translation of Nursing Interventions: Sidani/Design, Evaluation, and Translation of Nursing Interventions

Nurse-led intervention research is a core component of the global initiative to improve quality of care. Though research in this area has already contributed much to the advancement of patient care, future strides depend on the dissemination of practical, how-to instruction on this important area of research. Design, Evaluation, and Translation of Nursing Interventions aids in this endeavour by presenting both general approaches and specific methods for developing nursing interventions. Logically organized to facilitate ease of use, the book is divided into four sections. The introduction provides a firm grounding in intervention science by situating it within the broader topics of evidence-based practice, client-centred care, and quality of care. Section Two describes each step of intervention design, including correct identification of the health issue or problem, clarification of the elements comprising an intervention, and application of theory. Section Three is centred on implementation, highlighting such topics as development of the intervention manual, training interventionists, and intervention fidelity. The book concludes with methods to evaluate interventions enacted and suggestions for their translation into practice. Design, Evaluation, and Translation of Nursing Interventions distills the authors'years of expertise in intervention research into comprehensive, easy-to-follow chapters. It is a must-have resource for students, researchers and healthcare professionals wishing to impact the future of patient care. Title Page 2 Copyright 3 Contents 4 Preface 9 Acknowledgment 11 Section 1: Introduction 12 Chapter 1: Introduction to Intervention Research 13 1.1 Overview of paradigm shift 14 1.1.1 Evidence-based practice: a review 15 1.1.2 Client-centered care 17 1.1.3 High-quality care redefined 19 1.2 Process for designing, evaluating, and translating interventions 21 1.2.1 Design of interventions 21 1.2.2 Evaluation of interventions 22 1.2.3 Translation of interventions 23 1.3 Overview of the book 24 Section 2: Designing Interventions 25 Chapter 2: Overview of Designing Interventions 26 2.1 Nursing interventions defined 26 2.1.1 Definition of interventions 26 2.1.2 Characteristics of interventions 28 2.2 Presenting problems 30 2.2.1 Definition of problem 30 2.2.2 Characteristics of problems 30 2.3 Design of interventions 32 Chapter 3: Understanding the Problem 35 3.1 Theoretical approach for understanding the problem 35 3.2 Empirical approach for understanding the problem 39 3.3 Experiential approach for understanding the problem 43 3.4 Combined approach for understanding the problem 48 3.5 Theory of the problem 50 Chapter 4: Clarifying Elements of the Intervention 51 4.1 Theory-based approach for designing interventions 51 4.2 Empirical approach for designing interventions 57 4.3 Experiential approach for designing interventions 61 4.3.1 Focus group 61 4.3.2 Concept mapping 62 4.3.3 Assessment of treatment preferences 62 4.4 Specification of interventions 64 4.4.1 Intervention goals 64 4.4.2 Intervention components and activities 64 4.4.3 Intervention mode of delivery 65 4.4.4 Intervention dose 67 Chapter 5: Intervention Theory 69 5.1 Delineation of intervention outcomes 69 5.2 Intervention theory 72 5.2.1 Structure 72 5.2.1 Structure 72 5.2.1.1 Client characteristics 72 5.2.1.2 Interventionist or healthcare professional characteristics 74 5.2.1.3 Context characteristics 76 5.2.2 Process 76 5.2.3 Outcome 76 5.3 Utility of intervention theory 79 Chapter 6: Tailored Intervention 81 6.1 Design of tailored interventions 82 6.1.1 Intervention theory 82 6.1.2 Identification of client characteristics for tailoring 83 6.1.3 Assessment of client characteristics 84 6.1.4 Construction of a list of intervention strategies 84 6.1.5 Development of algorithm 86 6.2 Effectiveness of tailored interventions 89 6.3 Mechanisms underlying effects of tailored interventions 90 Section 3: Implementation of Interventions 91 Chapter 7: Overview of Implementation of Interventions 92 7.1 Variations in intervention implementation 92 7.2 Consequences of variations in intervention implementation 97 7.3 Strategies to enhance intervention implementation 98 Chapter 8: Development of Intervention Manual 100 8.1 Procedure for developing the intervention manual 100 8.1.1 Contextual characteristics 101 8.1.2 Process 101 8.2 Content of the intervention manual 102 8.2.1 Section 1: overview of the intervention 102 8.2.2 Section 2: human and material resources 104 8.2.3 Section 3: procedure 107 8.3 Use of the intervention manual 115 Chapter 9: Selecting, Training, and Addressing the Influence of Interventionists 117 9.1 Traditional perspective on interventionist influence 118 9.2 Interventionist influence: the evidence 119 9.3 Selection of interventionists 122 9.4 Training of interventionists 125 9.5 Methodological features of studies aimed at investigating interventionist effects 129 Chapter 10: Intervention Fidelity 131 10.1 Definition of fidelity 131 10.2 Methods for monitoring fidelity 135 10.2.1 Theoretical fidelity 136 10.2.1.1 Generation of a matrix 136 10.2.1.2 Content validation 138 10.2.2 Operational fidelity 139 10.2.2.1 Interventionist 139 Observation of intervention delivery 140 Interventionists’ self-report 143 Clients’ report 144 Factors influencing intervention implementation 144 10.2.2.2 Client 145 Exposure 145 Engagement 146 Adherence 146 10.3 Importance of monitoring fidelity of intervention implementation 149 Section 4: Evaluation of Interventions 152 Chapter 11: Overview of Evaluation of Interventions 153 11.1 Criteria for inferring causality 153 11.2 Phases for intervention evaluation 158 11.2.1 Phase 1 158 11.2.2 Phase 2 159 11.2.2.1 Examination of intervention’s acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary effectiveness 159 11.2.2.2 Exploration of research methods and/or study protocols 160 11.2.3 Phase 3 162 11.2.4 Phase 4 164 11.3 Role of intervention theory 165 Chapter 12: Testing the Acceptability and Feasibility of Interventions 167 12.1 Acceptability of interventions 168 12.1.1 Conceptualization of intervention acceptability 169 12.1.2 Operationalization of intervention acceptability 171 12.1.2.1 Design of interventions 172 12.1.2.2 Evaluation of intervention 176 Enrollment rate 176 Attrition or retention rate 177 Uptake, adherence, and continued use of intervention 178 Self-report questionnaire 179 Pilot studies 182 Efficacy studies 182 Effectiveness studies 183 12.2 Feasibility of interventions 184 12.2.1 Definition of feasibility 184 12.2.2 Indicators of feasibility 185 12.2.2.1 Availability and quality of interventionists 185 12.2.2.2 Training of interventionists 185 12.2.2.3 Material resources 186 12.2.2.4 Context 187 12.2.2.5 Fidelity of intervention implementation 188 12.2.2.6 Reach 189 12.3 Feasibility of research methods 189 12.3.1 Recruitment procedures 190 12.3.2 Screening 192 12.3.3 Randomization 193 12.3.4 Retention 195 12.3.5 Data collection 196 12.4 Design of pilot study 197 Chapter 13: Examining the Efficacy of Interventions 201 13.1 Factors affecting the causal relationship between intervention and outcomes 202 13.1.1 Conceptual factors 202 13.1.2 Methodological factors 204 13.1.3 Addressing conceptual and methodological factors 205 13.2 Design features of an efficacy study 205 13.2.1 Careful selection of participants 223 13.2.2 Control of experimental condition 226 13.2.3 Selection of comparison group 227 13.2.4 Allocation of participants to groups 232 13.2.5 Standardized treatment implementation 234 13.2.6 Outcome measurement 235 13.2.7 Outcome data analysis 235 Chapter 14: Determining the Effectiveness of Interventions 237 14.1 Efficacy versus effectiveness: A brief review 238 14.2 Limitations of the RCT design in effectiveness research 239 14.2.1 Unrepresentativeness of the sample 239 14.2.2 Highly select setting 240 14.2.3 Limited applicability of interventions 241 14.2.4 Irrelevance of comparison treatment 242 14.2.5 Limited utility of randomization 243 14.2.6 Limited relevance of findings 244 14.3 Alternative designs for evaluating effectiveness 245 14.3.1 Overall function or goal 245 14.3.2 Broad representative sample 245 14.3.3 Selection of different settings 246 14.3.4 Comparison of clinically relevant alternative treatments 246 14.3.5 Assessment of relevant health outcomes at follow-up 247 14.3.6 Allocation to treatment 247 14.3.7 Additional features 249 14.3.7.1 Contextual analysis 250 14.3.7.2 Process analysis 252 Chapter 15: Preferences for Treatment 255 15.1 Conceptualization of treatment preferences 255 15.1.1 Factors influencing treatment preferences 256 15.1.2 Consequences of treatment preferences 257 15.2 Mechanisms underlying influence of treatment preferences in intervention research 258 15.2.1 Influence of treatment preferences on external validity 258 15.2.2 Influence of treatment preferences on internal validity 260 15.2.3 Research designs accounting for treatment preferences 262 Section 5: Translation of Interventions 265 Chapter 16: Translation of Interventions 266 16.1 Systematic review of evidence 267 16.2 Translation of evidence 268 16.3 Transfer of guideline to practice 271 16.3.1 Adaptation of guideline 271 16.3.2 Dissemination and implementation of guideline 273 References 274 Index 297 Nurse-led Intervention Research Is A Core Component Of The Globalinitiative To Improve Quality Of Care. Though Research In This Areahas Already Contributed Much To The Advancement Of Patient Care,future Strides Depend On The Dissemination Practical, How-toinstruction On This Important Area Of Research. Design,evaluation, And Translation Of Nursing Interventions Aids Inthis Endeavor By Presenting Both General Approaches And Specificmethods For Developing Nursing Interventions. Logically Organized To Facilitate Ease Of Use, The Book Ispartitioned Into Four Sections. The Introduction Provides A Firmgrounding In Intervention Science By Situating It Within Thebroader Topics Of Evidence-based Practice, Client-centered Care,and Quality Of Care. Section Two Describes Each Step Ofintervention Design Including Correct Identification Of The Healthissue Or Problem, Clarification Of The Elements Comprising Anintervention, And Application Of Theory. Section Three Centers Onimplementation, Highlighting Such Topics As Development Of Theintervention Manual, Training Interventionists, And Interventionfidelity. The Book Concludes With Methods To Evaluate Interventionsenacted And Suggestions For Their Translation Into Practice. Design, Evaluation, And Translation Of Nursinginterventions Distills The Authors’ Years Of Expertise Inintervention Research Into Comprehensive, Easy-to-follow Chapters.it Is A Must-have Resource For Students, Researchers And Healthcareprofessionals Wishing To Impact The Future Of Patient Care. Key Features: Provides A Thorough Foundation In Nursing Intervention Researchand Its Impact On Improving Standards Of Care Segments The Multifaceted Process Of Intervention Developmentinto Easy-to-follow, Step-by-step Chapters Presents Methods For The Evaluation Of Interventionsdeveloped Written By Experts In The Field Nurse-led intervention research is a core component of the global initiative to improve quality of care. Though research in this area has already contributed much to the advancement of patient care, future strides depend on the dissemination of practical, how-to instruction on this important area of research. Design, Evaluation, and Translation of Nursing Interventions aids in this endeavour by presenting both general approaches and specific methods for developing nursing interventions. Logically organized to facilitate ease of use, the book is divided into four sections. The introduction provides a firm grounding in intervention science by situating it within the broader topics of evidence-based practice, client-centred care, and quality of care. Section Two describes each step of intervention design, including correct identification of the health issue or problem, clarification of the elements comprising an intervention, and application of theory. Section Three is centred on implementation, highlighting such topics as development of the intervention manual, training interventionists, and intervention fidelity. The book concludes with methods to evaluate interventions enacted and suggestions for their translation into practice. Design, Evaluation, and Translation of Nursing Interventions distills the authors years of expertise in intervention research into comprehensive, easy-to-follow chapters. It is a must-have resource for students, researchers and healthcare professionals wishing to impact the future of patient care.