Design and Management of Energy-Efficient Hybrid Electrical Energy Storage Systems [recurso electrónico

This Book Covers System-level Design Optimization And Implementation Of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems. the Author Introduces Various Techniques To Improve The Performance Of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems, In The Context Of Design Optimization And Automation. Various Energy Storage Techniques Are Discussed, Each With Its Own Advantages And Drawbacks, Offering Viable, Hybrid Approaches To Building A High Performance, Low Cost Energy Storage System. Novel Design Optimization Techniques And Energy-efficient Operation Schemes Are Introduced. The Author Also Describes The Technical Details Of An Actual Prototype Implementation Of A 300 W Scale Hybrid Energy Storage System. · Provides System-level Design Optimization Schemes To Improve Efficiency In Hybrid Energy Storage Systems; · Discusses System Architectures And Optimization Techniques; · Includes Technical Details For Implementing A Physical Prototype Of A Hybrid Energy Storage System. Introduction -- Background And Related Work -- Hybrid Electrical Energy Storage Systems Design -- Architectures For Energy Efficiency -- Joint Optimization With Power Sources -- Implementation And Application -- Conclusions And Future Directions. By Younghyun Kim, Naehyuck Chang. Preface 8 Contents 10 Acronyms 12 1 Introduction 14 References 18 2 Background and Related Work 19 2.1 Electrical Energy Storage Elements 19 2.2 Previous Electrical Energy Storage Systems 20 2.2.1 System Architectures 20 2.2.2 Applications of EES Systems 22 2.2.2.1 Power Grid Applications 23 2.2.2.2 Renewable Power Generation 24 2.2.2.3 Electric Vehicles 24 2.2.2.4 High-Power Machineries and Tools 25 2.2.2.5 Low-Power Embedded Systems 25 2.2.2.6 Other EES Systems 26 References 27 3 Hybrid Electrical Energy Storage Systems Design 30 3.1 Design Considerations of HESS Systems 30 3.2 HESS System Architecture 31 3.3 Charge Transfer and Charge Management 32 3.4 HESS System Components 32 3.4.1 Nodes 32 3.4.1.1 Electrical Energy Storage Banks 33 3.4.1.2 Power Sources and Load Devices 34 3.4.2 Charge Transfer Interconnect 34 3.4.3 System Control and Communication Network 35 References 36 4 Architectures for Energy Efficiency 37 4.1 Modeling Power Conversion Efficiency 37 4.2 Reconfigurable EES Array Architecture 40 4.2.1 Cycle Efficiency and Capacity Utilization of EES Bank 40 4.2.2 General Bank Reconfiguration Architecture 42 4.2.3 Dynamic Reconfiguration Algorithm 46 4.2.3.1 Cycle Efficiency 46 4.2.3.2 Capacity Utilization 49 4.2.4 Cycle Efficiency and Capacity Utilization Improvement 49 4.3 Networked Charge Transfer Interconnect 52 4.3.1 Networked Charge Transfer Interconnect Architecture 52 4.3.1.1 Charge Transfer Conflicts 53 4.3.1.2 Networked CTI Architecture 54 4.3.2 Conventional Routing Problems 55 4.3.3 Routing Problems 56 4.3.4 Networked Charge Transfer Interconnect Routing 58 4.4 Experiments 61 4.4.1 Experimental Setup 61 4.4.2 Experimental Results 61 References 63 5 Joint Optimization with Power Sources 65 5.1 Maximum Power Transfer Tracking 65 5.1.1 Modeling a PV Module 65 5.1.2 Maximum Power Transfer Point 67 5.1.2.1 Sub-optimality of Maximum Power Point Tracking 67 5.1.2.2 Maximum Power Transfer Tracking 68 5.1.3 MPTT-Aware Energy Harvesting System Design 70 5.1.3.1 Optimal System Design Problem 70 5.1.3.2 Design Optimization 72 5.1.3.3 Systematic Design Optimization 73 5.1.3.4 Energy Harvesting Improvement 75 5.2 Photovoltaic Emulation for MPTT 76 5.2.1 Model Parameter Extraction 76 5.2.2 Dual-Mode Power Regulator with Power Hybridization 80 5.2.2.1 PV Module I-V Characteristics 80 5.2.2.2 Modes of Operation 81 5.2.2.3 Circuit Design Principle 81 5.2.2.4 Dual-Mode Power Regulator Control 83 5.2.2.5 Implementation 85 5.2.2.6 Experiments 87 References 93 6 Implementation and Application 95 6.1 EV Application 95 6.1.1 Regenerative Brake 96 6.1.2 PV Modules 97 6.1.3 EES Bank Reconfiguration and Networked CTI 98 6.1.4 Overall Improvement and Cost Analysis 99 6.2 HESS Prototype Implementation 100 6.2.1 Design Specifications 100 6.2.1.1 Power Input and Output 101 6.2.1.2 Power and Energy Capacity 101 6.2.1.3 Voltage and Current Ratings 101 6.2.1.4 EES Elements 101 6.2.2 Implementation 102 6.2.2.1 Bank Module 102 6.2.2.2 Controller and Converter Module 105 6.2.2.3 Charge Transfer Interconnect Capacitor Module 106 6.2.2.4 Bidirectional Charger 107 6.2.2.5 Supervising Control Software 109 6.2.2.6 Component Assembly 110 6.2.3 Control Method 110 References 113 7 Conclusions and Future Directions 115 Front Matter....Pages i-xii Introduction....Pages 1-5 Background and Related Work....Pages 7-17 Hybrid Electrical Energy Storage Systems Design....Pages 19-25 Architectures for Energy Efficiency....Pages 27-54 Joint Optimization with Power Sources....Pages 55-84 Implementation and Application....Pages 85-104 Conclusions and Future Directions....Pages 105-106