Demographic engineering : population strategies in ethnic conflict

Immigration is a major component of population change for countries across Europe. However, questions remain about where immigrants go after they arrive in a new country. What are the patterns of internal migration of minorities (immigrants and their descendants), and what are the causes and implications of these flows? Migration within a nation state is a powerful force, redistributing the population and altering the demographic, social and economic composition of regions, cities and neighbourhoods. Yet relatively little is known about the significance of ethnicity in migration processes, or how population movement contributes to immigrant and ethnic integration. Minority internal migration is an emerging field of academic interest in many European countries in the context of high levels of immigration and increased political interest in inter-ethnic relations and place-based policies. This book brings together experts in the fields of migration, ethnicity and diversity from across Europe to examine patterns of residential mobility of minorities, and to synthesise key themes, theories and methods. The analyses presented make important contributions to theories of migration and minority integration and may inform policies that aim to respond to local population change and increasing diversity. The conclusions of the book form an agenda for future research on minority and immigrant internal migration in developed societies. Perspectives on "demography at the edge" / Dean Carson ... [et al.] The challenge of enumeration and population estimation in remote areas / Andrew Taylor ... [et al.] The forecasting of remote area populations : numbers aren't everything / Andrew Taylor International immigration trends and data / Kate Golebiowska, Marko Valenta, Tom Carter Indigenous vitals and trends and measurement / Kim Johnstone, Tony Barnes, Paul A Peters Bubbles and craters : analysing ageing patterns of remote area populations / Catherine Martel ... [et al.] Transnational links at the edge / Marit Aure, Anne Britt Flemmen, Kate Golebiowska Indigenous demography : convergence, divergence, or something else? / Andrew Taylor The "problem" of indigenous migration in the globalised state / Andrew Taylor ... [et al.] Labour migration-what goes around comes around / Prescott C. Ensign, Audrey Giles, Maureen G. Reed Fly-in/fly-out resource developments : implication for community and regional development / Sean Markey, Keith Storey, Karen Heisler Why the other half leave-gender aspects of northern sparsely populated areas / Rasmus Ole Rasmussen Education, remoteness and population dynamics / Bilal Barakat ... [et al.] Tourist populations and local capital / Doris Schmallegger ... [et al.] The challenge of housing in remote areas / Nick McTurk, Carlos Teixeira Weather hazards, place and resilience in the remote norths / Sharon Harwood ... [et al.] Population policies at the edge : the demographic ambitions of frontiers / Dean Carson. Population ageing is projected to affect all countries across the world in coming decades. The current rate of population ageing is unprecedented in human history with population projections indicating that this will be an enduring trend. Moreover, population ageing is spatially pervasive, affecting every man, woman and child. This has considerable implications for policy responding to the economic, social and healthcare outcomes of population ageing. The potential economic implications have been likened to those of the 2008 global financial crisis. This book examines the patterns and causes of uneven population ageing. It identifies those countries and localities most likely to experience population ageing and the reasons for this. Attention is also given to the role that youth migration, labour force migration, retirement migration and ageing in place have in influencing the spatial concentrations of older people. The book brings together a range of diverse international case studies to illustrate the importance of understanding the causes of population ageing. Case studies include a review of ageing in Florida's (USA) labour force, an investigation into the housing arrangements for the elderly in Northern Ireland and an assessment of the environmental stewardship activities of Grey Nomads on Western Australia's remote north coast. Demography has always mattered in conflict, but with conflict increasingly of an inter-ethnic nature, with sharper demographic differences between ethnic groups and with the spread of democracy, numbers count in conflict now more than ever. This book argues for and develops a framework for demographic engineering which provides a fresh perspective for looking at political events in countries where ethnicity matters. It asks how policies have been framed and implemented to change the demography of ethnic groups on the ground in their own interests. It also examines how successful these policies have been, focusing on the cases of Sri Lanka, Israel / Palestine, Northern Ireland and the U.S.A. Often these policies are hidden but author Paul Morland teases them out with skill both from the statistics and documentary records and through conversations with participants. Offering a new way of thinking about demographic engineering ('hard demography' versus 'soft demography') and how ethnic groups in conflict deploy demographic strategies, this book will have a broad appeal to demographers, geographers and political scientists While in recent years the burgeoning Higher Education (HE) sector has been set an agenda of widening participation, few HE institutions have strategies in place for reaching the full range of potential students most likely to benefit from (and successfully complete) their current subject and course offerings. Universities and colleges are often unsystematic in the ways in which they identify schools and colleges for outreach and widening participation initiatives, and sometimes uncoordinated in how they present the full institutional profile of subjects of study in these activities. Using innovative methodology, this book sets out some relevant aspects of the changing HE policy-setting arena and presents a systematic framework for broadening participation and extending access in an era of variable fees. In particular, the book illustrates how HE data and publicly available sources might enable institutions to move from piecemeal analysis of their intake to institution-wide strategic and geographical market area analysis for existing and potential subject and course offerings. Addressing the methodological and topical challenges facing demographers working in remote regions, this book compares and contrasts the research, methods and models, and policy applications from peripheral regions in developed nations. With the emphasis on human populations as dynamic, adaptive, evolving systems, it explores how populations respond in different ways to changing environmental, cultural and economic conditions and how effectively they manage these change processes. Theoretical understandings and policy issues arising from demographic modelling are tackled including: competition for skilled workers; urbanisation and ruralisation; population ageing; the impacts of climate change; the life outcomes of Indigenous peoples; globalisation and international migration. Based on a strong theoretical framework around issues of heterogeneity, generational change, temporariness and the relative strength of internal and external ties, Demography at the Edge provides a common set of approaches and issues that benefit both researchers and practitioners.

Demography has always mattered in conflict, but with conflict increasingly of an inter-ethnic nature, with sharper demographic differences between ethnic groups and with the spread of democracy, numbers count in conflict now more than ever. This book argues for and develops a framework for demographic engineering which provides a fresh perspective for looking at political events in countries where ethnicity matters. It asks how policies have been framed and implemented to change the demography of ethnic groups on the ground in their own interests. It also examines how successful these policies have been, focusing on the cases of Sri Lanka, Israel/Palestine, Northern Ireland and the USA. Often these policies are hidden but author Paul Morland teases them out with skill both from the statistics and documentary records and through conversations with participants. Offering a new way of thinking about demographic engineering ( Access To Higher Education -- A Meritocratic Marketplace? -- Socio-spatial Differentiation -- The Socio-spatial Context To Higher Education Access -- Creating Open Source Geodemographics -- Evaluating Geodemographic Performance For Profiling Of Access -- Towards A More Meritocratic Market? -- A Gallery Of Applications For Higher Education Stakeholders -- Conclusion: The Geography Of Access To Higher Education. By Alexander D. Singleton. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Using innovative methdology, this book presents a consolidated review and interpretation of interdisciplinary research which examines how best to represent the multiple dimensions of the social, spatial and temporal processes that shape access to higher education. It sets out some relevant aspects of the changing HE policy-setting arena and presents a systematic framework for broadening participation and extending access in an era of variable fees Introduction Population ageing, a global concern Ageing within countries Ageing and migration The working age population : spatial divisions, migrations and ageing Young people, migration and ageing Ageing in place Housing, residential mobility and ageing Impact of an ageing population on labour supply and demand Environmental implications of an ageing population Conclusion-ageing policy and place : variability and implications. Addressing the methodological and topical challenges facing remote demographers, this book compares and contrasts the research, methods and models, and policy applications from remote regions in developed nations. The work draws upon four examples: the far north and desert regions of Australia, the northern provinces and territories of Canada, Alaska, and the Arctic north of Scandinavia. Immigration is a major force of population change for countries across Europe. But where do immigrants go after they arrive in a new country? What are the patterns of internal migration of minorities; and what are the causes and implications of these patterns? This book addresses these questions and more