Deformation characteristics of geomaterials : proceedings of the fifth International Symposium on Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials, IS-Seoul 2011, 1-3 September 2011, Seoul, Korea

This book is the international edition of the proceedings of IS-Seoul 2011, the Fifth International Symposium on Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials, held in Seoul, South Korea, in September 2011. The book includes 7 invited lectures, as well as 158 technical papers selected from the 182 submitted. The symposium explored ideas about the complex load-deformation response in geomaterials, including laboratory methods for small and large strains; anisotropy and localization; time-dependent responses in soils; characteristics of treated, unsaturated, and natural geomaterials; applications in field methods; evaluation of field performance in geotechnical structures; and physical and numerical modeling in geomechanics. These topics were grouped under a number of main themes, including experimental investigations from very small strains to beyond failure; behavior, characterization and modeling of various geomaterials; and practical prediction and interpretation of ground response: field observation and case histories. Both the symposium and this book represent an important contribution to the exchange of advanced knowledge and ideas in geotechnical engineering and promote partnership among participants worldwide.IOS Press is an international science, technical and medical publisher of high-quality books for academics, scientists, and professionals in all fields. Some of the areas we publish in: -Biomedicine -Oncology -Artificial intelligence -Databases and information systems -Maritime engineering -Nanotechnology -Geoengineering -All aspects of physics -E-governance -E-commerce -The knowledge economy -Urban studies -Arms control -Understanding and responding to terrorism -Medical informatics -Computer Sciences Main......Page 0 Forword......Page 3 Table of Contents......Page 5 Bishop Lecture......Page 19 Laboratory Stress-Strain Tests for Developments in Geotechnical Engineering Research and Practice......Page 21 Keynote Lectures......Page 69 Investigating the Infl uence of Microstructure, Loading History and Fissuring on the Clay Response......Page 71 The Interpretation of Conventional and Non-Conventional Laboratory Tests for Challenging Geotechnical Problems......Page 102 Field Evaluations of the Effects of Stress State, Strain Amplitude and Pore Pressure Generation on Shear Moduli of Geotechnical and MSW Materials......Page 138 Case Study on Rainfall-Induced Behavior of Unsaturated Soils in Natural Slopes and Reinforced-Earth Walls......Page 159 Using Centrifuge Models to Defi ne Deformation Mechanisms and Generate Design Methods......Page 199 Identifi cation of Constitutive Parameters with Field Performance Data......Page 216 Advances in Lab Methods: Laboratory Methods for Small Strain......Page 241 Evaluation of Soil Compaction Using Small Strain Shear Wave Velocity......Page 243 Laboratory Determination of Small Strain Shear Modulus of Auckland Residual Soil......Page 250 Tracking Degradation of Argillaceous Rocks Using Bender Elements......Page 258 Measurement of Shear Wave Velocity by Piezoelectric Film......Page 264 Control, Acquisition and Analysis of Resonant-Column Testing Using an Automated Program......Page 268 Indication of Clay Structure Restoration in Laboratory Testing Using Bender Element Measurements......Page 276 Small Strain Properties of Undisturbed Gravelly Soils Retrieved from Tunnel Excavation Sites in Japan......Page 284 Advances in Lab Methods: Laboratory Methods for Large Strain......Page 291 Characterization and Identifi cation of Compressibility of Soft Rock......Page 293 Experimental Study on Monotonic and Cyclic Behaviour of Crushable Limestone with Consideration of Grain Breakage......Page 300 On the control systems and instrumentation required to investigate the anisotropy of stiff clays and mudrocks through hollow cylinder tests......Page 305 Effect of Wetting and Ageing on the Elasto-Viscoplastic Behavior of Clay in 1D Compression......Page 313 Deformation and Strength Characteristics of Gypsum-Mixed Decomposed Granite Soil......Page 319 A Study on the Improvement of Strength and Durability of Alkali Silicasol-Cement Grout Material for Ground Reinforcement......Page 325 A Micromechanical Investigation of Drained Simple Shear Tests......Page 332 Strength-Deformation Characteristics of a Compacted Soil Over a Wide Strain Range......Page 340 Calibration of Large Triaxial Testing System for Reliable Dynamic Properties Using Urethane Specimen......Page 346 Effects of Cyclic Pre-shearing on the Stress-Strain Behaviour of Cemented-Mixed Gravel......Page 352 A Experimental Study on the Seawater Attack Resistance of Micro Silica Grout Material......Page 360 Advances in Lab Methods: Laboratory Methods for Small to Large Strain......Page 369 Experimental Research on Shearing Resistance Property of Geogrid-Sand Interface Under Normal Cyclic Load......Page 371 Geophysical Characterization of Shear Zone in Direct Shear Test......Page 377 Effects of the Opening on the Shear Strength in Direct Shear Box Test......Page 382 Practical Methods to Estimate the Non-Linear Shear Stiffness of Fine Grained Soils......Page 390 Laboratory Correlation of Shear Wave Velocity and Liquefaction Resistance of Sandy Soils......Page 398 Effect of Particle Breakage and Strain Path Reversal on the Properties of Sands Located Near to Driven Piles......Page 406 An Advanced Calibration Process for a Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Triaxial Testing System......Page 414 Numerical Study of Crushable Granular Materials......Page 422 Effects of Grain Size Distribution Characteristics on Compaction and Deformation-Strength Characteristics of Gravelly Fill Materials......Page 429 Advances in Lab Methods: Various Laboratory Methods......Page 437 Applications of High Speed Photography and X-Ray Computerised Tomography (Micro CT) in Dynamic Compaction Tests......Page 439 Measurement of Hydraulic Properties of Bentonite Cake Deposited on Base Soil Medium......Page 446 Characterization of Stress-Strain Response of Thermally Cured Lime Stabilized Expansive Clay......Page 452 Discrete Element Modelling of a Two-Dimensional Stress-Controlled Cubical Cell Apparatus......Page 457 Automatic Soil Water Retention Testing System with Volume Change Measurement......Page 465 Frost Heaving Characteristics of Subgrade Soils Using Laboratory Freezing System......Page 472 On Strain Accumulation in a Silica Sand Under Creep and Low Level Cyclic Loading......Page 481 Interpretation of Micromechanical Behavior of Reconstituted Kaolin Soils Under 1-D Consolidation......Page 489 Calibration of Taipei Silty Clay Using an Enhanced Anisotropic Elastoplastic Bounding Surface Model......Page 496 Analysis of the Abrasion and Crushing of Unsaturated Sands Using Acoustic Emission......Page 501 Observations of the Soil Particle Movement During Direct Shear Tests on Soil-Geosynthetic Interfaces......Page 509 Mechanisms Controlling the Undrained Strength Behavior of Landfi ll Linier Clay......Page 518 Characterizing Soil Deformation: Anisotropy and Localization......Page 525 Effect of Particle Fabric on the One-Dimensional Compression Response of Fraser River Sand......Page 527 Displacement and Rotation Measurements of Particles in Shear Zone......Page 531 DEM Simulation of the Shear Strength and Shear Band Development of Well-Graded Granular Materials......Page 538 Influence of Sample Preparation Techniques and Stress Path Followed on the Location of the Critical State Line: An Example of a Silty-Sandy Tailing......Page 544 Hierarchy of Vs Modes and Stress-Dependency in Geomaterials......Page 551 Stiffness Nonlinearity and Anisotropy of Stiff Clays Observed During Isotropic consolidation......Page 559 Stiffness Anisotropy of Compressible Chicago Glacial Clays during Shear......Page 567 Characterizing Soil Deformation: Time Dependent Responses (Ageing, Viscous and Cycling Effects)......Page 575 Cyclic Behaviour of Soft Soil Subgrade Improved by Prefabricated Vertical Drains......Page 577 Effects of Water-Induced Deterioration of Grains on Stiffness and Strength of Granular Soils......Page 583 Aging Effects on Fabric-Induced, Small-Strain, Stiffness Anisotropy in Sand......Page 589 Small Strain Stiffness and Yielding Property of Cement-Mixed Soil in Drained Triaxial Compression......Page 596 Effects of Compaction and Cement Content on the Strength and Yielding Characteristics of Cement-Mixed Granular Soil......Page 602 Rate Effects in Free Falling Penetrometer Tests......Page 610 Creep Behaviour in Isotropic and K0 Compression of the Venice Lagoon Sand......Page 618 Effect of Strain Rate on Isotropically Consolidated Kaolin Over a Wide Range of Strain Rates in the Triaxial Apparatus......Page 625 DEM Simulations on the Energy Dissipation in Soil Under Static and Cyclic Loading......Page 632 Threshold Stress and Deformation Characteristics of Clay Subgrade for Railway Tracks......Page 638 Seismic Behavior of Vertical Shaft in a Multi-Layered Soil......Page 645 Effects of Wetting History on the Yielding of Cement-Mixed Clay Exhibiting Ageing......Page 651 Effect of Stress History on DMT Results......Page 659 Several Factors Affecting the Viscous Property of Sand......Page 664 Time Dependent Stress-Strain Behavior of Bentonite Slurries......Page 672 Measurement of Soil Responses: Treated Geomaterials......Page 680 Mechanical Characteristics of Waste Tire Powder?Added Lightweight Soil as a Flowable Backfi ll Material......Page 681 Hardening of Kaolin Clay Mixed with Different Binders......Page 687 Yield Surface of an Artifi cially Cemented Silty Sand......Page 695 Unconfi ned Compression Strength and Elastic Shear Modulus of Air-Form Treated Lightweight Soil......Page 700 Characteristics of Composite Ground Improved by Recycled-Aggregate Porous Concrete Pile......Page 705 Experimental Study on the Unconfi ned Compression Strength of Cemented Soil Contaminated by Industrial Wastewater......Page 713 Evaluating Deformational Behaviors of Crushed-Rock-Soil Mixtures Using Field and Large-Scale Resonant Column Testing......Page 718 Measurement of Soil Responses: Treated Geomaterials 2......Page 727 Effect of Void Formation on Strength of Cemented Sand......Page 729 Effects of Foams and Polymers on the Small Strain Behavior of Kaolin......Page 734 Strength Properties of Soil Wall Materials for Seismic Performance Evaluation......Page 740 The Influence of Cementation in the Critical State Behaviour of Artifi cial Bonded Soils......Page 748 Yielding and Critical State Behaviour of a Lime Stabilized Compacted Alluvial Soil......Page 756 Direct Shear Behavior of Sand and Tire Chips Using X-Ray CT and DEM Simulation......Page 764 Dynamic Response Improvement of Crushed Rock with Cement Modifi cation......Page 772 Mechanical Behavior of Blended Geo-Materials for Impermeable Core Zone of Small Earth-Fill Dams Using Recycled Materials......Page 780 Deformation Behavior of Cement Stabilized Pond Sediment Mixed with Shredded Paper......Page 784 Strain-Dependent Dynamic Characteristics of Cement-Treated Clay......Page 797 Measurement of Soil Responses: Unsaturated Geomaterials......Page 803 Change of Matric Suction Under Undrained Condition in Relatively Low Matric Suction Ranges......Page 805 Mechanical Characteristics of Air-Trapped Soils (ATSs)......Page 811 Modelling Transport of Biogrout in Soils......Page 819 The Infl uence of Suction Change on the Stiffness of Railway Formations......Page 826 Thermal Conductivity in Granular Mixtures: Experimental and Numerical Studies......Page 833 Modelling the Stress Versus Displacement Behavior of Shallow Foundations in Unsaturated Coarse-Grained Soils......Page 839 Change of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Sandy Soil Due to Repeated Water Infi ltration......Page 847 Effect of Suction on Shear Strength of Unsaturated Compacted Silty Sands Under Low Confi ning Pressure......Page 852 Measurement of Soil Responses: Natural Geomaterials......Page 859 The Effects of Fouling on the Deformation and Stiffness Behavior of Railroad Ballast......Page 861 Experimental Observations on the Critical State of Granular Materials......Page 869 Experimental Investigation and Theoretical Modelling of Soft Soils from Mining Deposits......Page 876 Diatomaceous Soils: Monotonic Behavior......Page 883 Change of Mechanical Properties During Dissolution Process in Soluble Granular Soils......Page 890 Collapse of Loose Sands with Additions of Fines......Page 895 Microstructural Features and Compressibility of Volcanic Deposits from Central Italy......Page 902 The Effect of Hydrate Dissociation on Pore Pressure Generation......Page 910 Effect of Crushability of Jeju Beach Sand on CPT and DMT Results......Page 918 Strength Change of Seabed Soils due to the Vaporization of Dissolved Gas in the Pore Water......Page 923 Modeling of Soil Deformations: Physical & Numerical Modeling in Geomechanics 1......Page 929 Compression Lines for Soil Derived using Fractals and Energy Balance......Page 931 Rock Physics Model for Interpreting Dynamic and Static Young’s Moduli of Soft Sedimentary Rocks......Page 937 Static Pressure Distribution Beneath Granular Wedges Sloped at Angle of Repose......Page 942 Inverse Analysis based Interpretation of Undrained Direct Simple Shear Behavior......Page 951 Numerical Analysis of the Underreamed Pile Under Vertical Loading in Sand......Page 959 Parameter Calibration of a Modifi ed Hyperbolic Model for Sands using Pressuremeter Test Data......Page 967 Experimental Investigation of the Evolution of Grading of an Artifi cial Material with Crushable Grains Under Different Loading Conditions......Page 975 A Bond Model for Cemented Sands Including the Effects of Cement Type......Page 983 Performance of Two Constitutive Models for Fissures in Clay......Page 989 Behavior of Mechanical Jointed Composite Piles by Field Load Tests......Page 997 Effect of Geogrid-Geomembrane Geocomposites and Geogrids on the Failure Mechanism of Foundation Over Liquefi ed Sand......Page 1003 Numerical Analysis of Strip Footing Resting on Geosynthetic-reinforced Sand Bed over Soft Soil......Page 1011 A Case Study of Reinforced Pavement Above Trench Under Urban Traffi c Load......Page 1019 Variation of Stiffness of Tehran Coarse-Grained Soil with Depth and Strain......Page 1025 Modeling of Soil Deformations: Physical & Numerical Modeling in Geomechanics 2......Page 1035 Model and Field Testing of Single Pile in Condition of Karaganda Coal Field Soil......Page 1037 An Elasto-Plastic Model to Describe the Undrained Cyclic Behavior of Saturated Sand with Initial Static Shear......Page 1044 Modeling of the Settlement of Milad Tower Foundation with Nonlinear Elastic Equations......Page 1052 Modeling of Load Reversals at Very Small Strains in Anisotropic Soil with Multilaminate Constitutive Models......Page 1062 Modelling the Behaviour of Structured London Clay......Page 1070 Desiccation Cracks in Saturated Fine-Grained Soils......Page 1078 Load-Settlement Prediction of Footings on Sand Using Vs Profi le......Page 1082 Centrifuge Modeling of Rainfall-Induced Layered Soil Slope Failure......Page 1088 Numerical Modeling of Hollow Cylinder Tests in London Clay......Page 1092 Evaluation of the Intergranular Coeffi cient of Friction Using Discrete Element Modeling......Page 1100 Two-Dimensional Axisymmetric Nonlinear Finite Strain Consolidation for Reclaimed Dredged Material......Page 1107 Infl uence of Vertical Geodrains on Consolidation Characteristics of Soft Clays Using Oedometer......Page 1113 Study on Horizontal Bearing Capacity of a Skirted Suction Foundation in Layered Soils......Page 1121 Evaluation of Dynamic Behavior of Shallow Foundations on Saturated Loose Sand by 1g Shaking Table......Page 1126 On the Extension of a Unifi ed Sand Model to Three Dimensional Stress Conditions......Page 1133 Numerical Modeling for Stability Analysis of Geocell Reinforced Slopes......Page 1138 Advances in Field Methods: Applications in Field Methods......Page 1145 Different Theories & Numerical Analysis of Anchor Plates in Sand......Page 1147 A Numerical Evaluation of a Cover Embankment Model on Very Soft Halic Dredge Material......Page 1154 Internal Deformation of Soil during Consolidation in Radial Drainage Condition......Page 1162 Soil Classifi cation Using Piezocone Soundings......Page 1168 Simulation of the Standard Penetration Test (SPT) in Sandy Deposits Using Energy-Based Approach......Page 1176 Load Bearing Capacity Assessments of Lattice Girder for NATM Tunnels......Page 1184 A Study of Vertical Bearing Mechanism of Pile Foundation in Volcanic Ash Soil......Page 1188 The Evaluation of Field Application for Geophysical Survey on Levee......Page 1196 History of Horizontal Anchor Plates Based on Experimental Works in Cohesion Less Soil......Page 1202 Shear Strength of Deep Sand Evaluated by Laboratory and In-Situ tests in the Nakdong River Deltaic Area, Korea......Page 1210 Monitoring of Rainfall-Induced Slope Failure Test of Unsaturated Soils Using the Amplitude Domain Refl ectometry Probes and Microtensiometers......Page 1218 CPT-Based Estimation of the Small-strain Elastic Modulus for Clean and Silty Sands......Page 1224 Consolidation Characteristics and PBD Application in Deep Soft Ground......Page 1230 Proposal for Improvement of the Pressuremeter Settlement Prediction Method of Shallow Foundations in Sand......Page 1236 Advances in Field Methods: Evaluation of Field Performance in Geotechnical Structures......Page 1241 Diaphragm Wall Movements Associated with the Construction of a Deep Basement in Seoul Korea......Page 1243 Relevance of Small-Strain Stiffness in the Deformation Analysis of Navigable Locks......Page 1249 The Use of DInSAR Techniques to Analyse Ground Deformations and Related Effects to Buildings......Page 1257 Infl uence of Soil Properties Variability on the Prediction of Settlements......Page 1265 Static and Dynamic Response of Bedding Structure in Railway Tunnel......Page 1272 Piezocone Data and State Parameter Interpretation for Venetian Silty Soils......Page 1278 A Case Study on Causes and Countermeasures of a Largely Deformed Geotextile- Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall......Page 1286 Upper-Bound Multi-Rigid-Block Solutions for Face Stability of Shallow Tunnels in Non-Homogeneous Clay......Page 1294 Sliding of Highway Embankments Along Riverbanks on Soft Ground in an Giang Province, Vietnam: A Case Study......Page 1300 Evaluation of Effective Thermal Conductivity of Closed-Loop Vertical Ground Heat Exchangers by Performing In-Situ Thermal Response Tests......Page 1306 Experimental Study for Stress Analysis on Different Carrara Marble Underground Quarries......Page 1314 Countermeasure for Liquefaction to Runway Ground by Application of Chemical Grouting Method......Page 1321 Modelling the Behaviour of a Retaining Wall Monitored During the Excavation for a Deep Station in Metro do Porto, Porto, Portugal......Page 1329 Numerical Analysis of Bi-Directional Pile Load Tests for Drilled Shafts in Rocks......Page 1337 Performance of an Embankment Supported by a Piled Raft on Soft Ground......Page 1343 Measurement of Ground Deformation Using Shape-Accel-Array and Numerical Analysis......Page 1351 Deformation Characteristics of Core and Rock-Fill Materials in Korean Fill Dams......Page 1358 Subject Index......Page 1367 Author Index......Page 1375