Deep metazoan phylogeny : the backbone of the tree of life : new insights from analyses of molecules, morphology, and theory of data analysis

The growing success of molecular methods has challenged traditional views of animal evolution and a large number of alternative hypotheses are hotly debated today. For the deep metazoan phylogeny project, data sets of hitherto unmatched quality and quantity were compiled and analysed with innovative bioinformatics tools. The book begins at the base of the tree of life to discuss the origin of animals and early branches of the phylogenetic tree. The following section presents special data sets gained from mitochondrial genomes and from morphology, with a focus on nervous systems. The final section is dedicated to theoretical aspects of data analysis and new bioinformatics tools. The book closes with a unique general discussion of all hypotheses contained in previous chapters. This work provides the most comprehensive overview available of the state of the art in this exciting field of evolutionary research. * Combination of theoretical molecular systematics and innovative bioinformatics tools applied to deep phylogenetic problems * Collaboration of over 30 research groups with expertise in a variety of taxa and methods Progress And Perspectives Of The Deep Non-bilaterian Phylogeny, With Focus On Sponges (phylum Porifera) / Gert Wörheide, Tetyana Nosenko, Fabian Schreiber, And Burkhard Morgenstern -- Phylogenetics And Phylogenomics At The Root Of The Metazoa / Michael Eitel, Wolfgang Jakob, Hans-jürgen Osigus, Omid Paknia, Karolin Von Der Chevallerie, Tjard Bergmann, And Bernd Schierwater -- The Chaetognatha : An Anarchistic Taxon Between Protostomia And Deuterostomia / Yvan Perez, Carsten H.g. Müller, And Steffen Harzsch -- Brain Complexity In Protostomes / Rudi Loesel -- Brains In Gastrotricha And Cycloneuralia : A Comparison / Andreas Schmidt-rhaesa And Birgen Holger Rothe -- Phylogeny Of Platyzoan Taxa Based On Molecular Data / Thomas Hankeln, Alexandra R. Wey-fabrizius, Holger Herlyn, Alexander Witek, Mathias Weber, Maximilian P. Nesnidal, And Torsten H. Struck -- Lophophorata Monophyletic --^ After All / Maximilian P. Nesnidal, Martin Helmkampf, Iris Bruchhaus, Ingo Ebersberger, And Bernhard Hausdorf -- Phylogeny And Evolution Of Annelida Based On Molecular Data / Torsten H. Struck, Günter Purschke, Janina Dordel, Christoph Hösel, Maximilian P. Nesnidal, Frauke Diersing, Christoph Bleidorn, Christiane Paul, Natascha Hill, Ralph Tiedemann, Joachim Selbig, And Stefanie Hartmann -- From Morphology To Phylogenomics : Placing The Enigmatic Myzostomida In The Tree Of Life / Christoph Bleidorn, Conrad Helm, Anne Weigert, Igor Eeckhaut, Deborah Lanterbecq, Torsten H. Struck, Stefanie Hartmann, And Ralph Tiedemann -- Coeloms And Nephridia In Annelids And Arthropods / Markus Koch, Björn Quast, And Thomas Bartolomaeus -- Arthropod Phylogeny And The Origin Of Tracheata (= Atelocerata) From Remipedia-like Ancestors / J. Wolfgang Wägele And Patrick Kück --^ Phylogeny Of The Most Species-rich Group On Earth, The Pterygota : Ancient Problems, Living Hypotheses And Bridging Gaps / Sabrina Simon And Heike Hadrys -- The Central Complex In Crustacea / Martin E.j. Stegner, Martin Fritsch, And Stefan Richter -- Advances In Molecular Phylogeny Of Crustaceans In The Light Of Phylogenomic Data / Björn Marcus Von Reumont And J. Wolfgang Wägele -- Phylogeny Of The Chelicerates : Morphological And Molecular Evidence / Jason Dunlop, Janus Borner, And Thorsten Burmester -- Deuterostome Phylogeny : A Molecular Perspective / Martin Schlegel, Michael Weidhase, And Peter F. Stadler -- Deuterostome Phylogeny : A Morphological Perspective / Thomas Stach -- Mitochondrial Gene Order In Metazoa : Theme And Variations / Lars Podsiadlowski, Adina Mwinyi, Peter Lesný, And Thomas Bartolomaeus -- Documenting Morphology : Morph-d-base / Peter Grobe And Lars Vogt -- Neurophylogeny : From Description To Character Analysis / Rudi Loesel And Stefan Richter --^ Computational Methods For The Analysis Of Mitochondrial Genome Rearrangements / Matthias Bernt, Daniel Merkle, Martin Middendorf, Bernd Schierwater, Martin Schlegel, And Peter F. Stadler -- Rna In Phylogenetic Reconstruction / Roman R. Stocsits, Harald Letsch, Karen Meusemann, Björn M. Von Reumont, Bernhard Misof, Jana Hertel, Hakim Tafer, And Peter F. Stadler -- Intron Positions And Near Intron Pairs / Jörg Lehmann, Carina Eisenhardt, Veiko Krauss, And Peter F. Stadler -- Molecular Morphology : Higher Order Characters Derivable From Sequence Information / Alexander Donath And Peter F. Stadler -- Systematic Errors In Maximum-likelihood Tree Inference / Patrick Kück, Bernhard Misof, And J. Wolfgang Wägele -- Topological Bias Of Maximum-likelihood Trees Inferred From Star Phylogenies In The Event Of Correct And Incorrect Model Assumptions / Patrick Kück And J. Wolfgang Wägele -- Exploring Phylogenomic Data / Ingo Ebersberger And Arndt Von Haeseler. Edited By J. Wolfgang Wägele, Thomas Bartholomaeus. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. List of Contributing Authors 1 Introduction Part I: New Data and Phylogenies 2 Progress and perspectives of the deep nonbilaterian phylogeny, with focus on sponges (Phylum Porifera) 3 Phylogenetics and phylogenomics at the root of the Metazoa 4 The Chaetognatha : An anarchistic taxon between Protostomia and Deuterostomia 5 Brain complexity in protostomes 6 Brains in Gastrotricha and Cycloneuralia – a comparison 7 Phylogeny of platyzoan taxa based on molecular data 8 Lophophorata monophyletic – after all 9 Phylogeny and evolution of Annelida based on molecular data 10 From morphology to phylogenomics: Placing the enigmatic Myzostomida in the tree of life 11 Coeloms and nephridia in annelids and arthropods 12 Arthropod phylogeny and the origin of Tracheata (= Atelocerata) from Remipedia–like ancestors 13 Phylogeny of the most species-rich group on Earth, the Pterygota : Ancient problems, living hypotheses and bridging gaps 14 The central complex in Crustacea 15 Advances in molecular phylogeny of crustaceans in the light of phylogenomic data 16 Phylogeny of the Chelicerates: Morphological and molecular evidence 17 Deuterostome phylogeny – a molecular perspective 18 Deuterostome phylogeny – a morphological perspective 19 Mitochondrial gene order in Metazoa – theme and variations Part II: New Tools and Methods 20 Documenting Morphology: Morph·D·Base 21 Neurophylogeny – from description to character analysis 22 Computational methods for the analysis of mitochondrial genome rearrangements 23 RNA in phylogenetic reconstruction 24 Intron positions and near intron pairs 25 Molecular morphology: Higher order characters derivable from sequence information 26 Systematic errors in maximum-likelihood tree inference 27 Topological bias of maximum-likelihood trees inferred from star phylogenies in the event of correct and incorrect model assumptions 28 Exploring phylogenomic data References Index

The growing success of molecular methods has challenged traditional views of animal evolution and a large number of alternative hypotheses are hotly debated today. For the deep metazoan phylogeny project, data sets of hitherto unmatched quality and quantity were compiled and analysed with innovative bioinformatics tools. The book begins at the base of the tree of life to discuss the origin of animals and early branches of the phylogenetic tree. The following section presents special data sets gained from mitochondrial genomes and from morphology, with a focus on nervous systems. The final section is dedicated to theoretical aspects of data analysis and new bioinformatics tools. The book closes with a unique general discussion of all hypotheses contained in previous chapters.This work provides the most comprehensiveoverview available of the state of the art in this exciting field of evolutionary research.