Death Threats and Violence : New Research and Clinical Perspectives

Threats of violence—and especially of homicide—are a too-familiar part of modern life, paralleling stressful conditions at home, on the job, on campus, and in relationships. Death Threats and Violence analyzes the meaning and impact of homicidal threats, the means by which they are communicated, and their development from infrequent private occurrence to ongoing social problem. Using data from the Stalking and Violence Project and recent events including the Virginia Tech massacre, Stephen Morewitz explores the lives of the men (and to a lesser degree, women) who make threats against their partners, strangers, social groups, and institutions. By balancing individual variables against the larger context of social norms and controls, this book offers a well-rounded assessment of death threats and their role in domestic and public violence. Among the topics included: * Personal and societal risk factors of threat makers and their victims. * Possible links between stalking, death threats, and homicide. * The enabling functions of substance abuse and access to weapons. * Risk factors for partner-, school- and workplace-related death threats. * Psychological and social effects of death threats on victims and their families. * Law enforcement and legal system responses to death threats, particularly in comparison with offenders who do not make them. * Death threats as used in hate crimes, terrorism, and war. Death Threats and Violence is an up-to-the-minute work of particular interest to general and forensic psychologists, clinical social workers, criminal justice and health professionals and those studying the current social climate in which such threats are prevalent. Until recent decades, there was little emphasis on studying death threats as a social or psychological phenomenon. However, since the 1960s, attacks on public officials and celebrities and the ubiquitous nature of homicidal threats in face-to-face re- tions have spawned research and new organizational responses to death threats and related behaviors, such as stalking. Publicized workplace-related death threats and shootings, such as the 21 separate incidents since 1986 in which U.S. Postal Service employees were shot, and the death threats and attacks directed at schools and universities have helped to transform death threats from a private phenomenon into a social problem. Political leaders have developed new policies, organizational structures, and laws in an attempt to prevent death threats and related violence. Moreover, in the aftermath of 9/11, the U.S. government and other governments around the world have formulated new policies and organizational structures to deal with the threat of terrorist attacks. At the level of interpersonal relations, the weakening of social control processes allows individuals to make homicidal threats against people and organizations in different settings. This book will address such questions as, Under what conditions are individuals able to evade social control by making death threats? What factors trigger the response of social control mechanisms to death threat makers? How effective are the institutional responses to death threats? At the macrolevel, this book assesses how governments and paramilitary and terrorist groups also employ death threats to achieve their desired social and political objectives. "Threats of violence - and especially of homicide - are a too-familiar part of modern life, paralleling stressful conditions at home, on the job, on campus, and in relationships. Death threats and violence analyzes the meaning and impact of homicidal threats, the means by which they are communicated, and their development from infrequent private occurrence to ongoing social problem. Using data from the Stalking and Violence Project and recent events including the Virginia Tech massacre, Stephen Morewitz explores the lives of the men (and to a lesser degree, women) who make threats against their partners, strangers, social groups, and institutions. By balancing individual variables against the larger context of social norms and controls, this book offers a well-rounded assessment of death threats and their role in domestic and public violence." "Death threats and violence is an up-to-the-minute work of particular interest to general and forensic psychologists, clinical social workers, criminal justice and health professionals and those studying the current social climate in which such threats are prevalent."--Jacket Springer 0387766618 1 Contents 10 1. Homicidal Threats 12 2. Death Threat Makers 30 3. Death Threat Victims 44 4. Stalking and Homicidal Threats 54 5. Death Threats and Weapon Use 66 6. Substance Use and Abuse, and Homicidal Threats 76 7. Death Threats and Violence at Schools and Colleges 82 8. Workplace Homicidal Threats and Violence 100 9. Crime, Culture, and War 112 10. Hate Crimes 120 11. Death Threats and Terrorism 138 12. Death Threats and the Legal System 148 About the Author 158 Appendix A: Research Methods 160 Appendix B: Study Results 162 Bibliography 172 Index 192 A 192 B 192 C 192 D 193 E 194 F 194 G 194 H 194 I 195 J 195 K 195 L 195 M 195 N 196 O 196 P 196 R 197 S 197 T 198 U 198 V 198 W 198 Y 199 Z 199 ISBN-13:,9780387766614 Front Matter....Pages i-ix Homicidal Threats....Pages 1-18 Death Threat Makers....Pages 19-31 Death Threat Victims....Pages 32-40 Stalking and Homicidal Threats....Pages 41-51 Death Threats and Weapon Use....Pages 52-61 Substance Use and Abuse, and Homicidal Threats....Pages 62-66 Death Threats and Violence at Schools and Colleges....Pages 67-83 Workplace Homicidal Threats and Violence....Pages 84-94 Crime, Culture and War....Pages 95-101 Hate Crimes....Pages 102-118 Death Threats and Terrorism....Pages 119-127 Death Threats and the Legal System....Pages 128-137 Back Matter....Pages 147-188 This fascinating work analyzes the meaning and impact of homicidal threats, the means by which they are communicated, and their development from infrequent private occurrence to ongoing social problem. Using data from the Stalking and Violence Project and recent events including the Virginia Tech massacre, Stephen Morewitz explores the lives of the men (and to a lesser degree, women) who make threats against their partners, strangers, social groups, and institutions. Threats of violence - and especially of homicide - are a familiar part of modern life, paralleling stressful conditions at home, on the job, on campus, and in relationships. This book analyzes the meaning and impact of homicidal threats, and the means by which they are communicated