Data Mining in Structural Dynamic Analysis : A Signal Processing Perspective

This book highlights the applications of data mining technologies in structural dynamic analysis, including structural design, optimization, parameter identification, model updating, damage identification, in civil, mechanical, and aerospace engineering. These engineering applications require precise structural design, fabrication, inspection, and further monitoring to obtain a full life-cycle analysis, and by focusing on data processing, data mining technologies offer another aspect in structural dynamic analysis. Discussing techniques in time/frequency domain, such as Hilbert transforms, wavelet theory, and machine learning for structural dynamic analysis to help in structural monitoring and diagnosis, the book is an essential reference resource for beginners, graduates and industrial professionals in various fields. Preface 5 Contents 6 About the Editors 7 Damage Detection for Structural Health Monitoring of Bridges as a Knowledge Discovery in Databases Process 9 1 Introduction 10 2 Knowledge Discovery in Databases for Damage Detection 11 2.1 Knowledge in SHM and the Hierarchical Structure of Damage Identification 11 2.2 Knowledge Discovery in Databases 12 3 Data Transformation for Feature Extraction 14 3.1 Definition of Damage-Sensitive Feature 14 3.2 Domains for Data Transformation and Feature Extraction 15 3.3 Statistical-Based Techniques: Information Theory 16 3.4 Levels of Feature Extraction 16 4 Data Mining for Feature Classification 19 4.1 An Outlier Detection Perspective: Goals and Challenges 20 4.2 Machine Learning Algorithms 20 5 Applicability and Discussion 23 5.1 The Z-24 Bridge and Monitoring Scenario Description 23 5.2 First-Level Features: Natural Frequencies 24 5.3 Second-Level Features: Hidden Normal Factors 26 5.4 Data Mining and Damage Detection 28 References 29 Structural Health Monitoring of Periodic Infrastructure: A Review and Discussion 33 1 Fundamentals of Periodic Structure 33 2 Health Monitoring of Periodic Infrastructure Using Data Mining 37 3 Instantaneous Baseline Anomaly Detection 38 4 Health Monitoring Using Inherent Property of Periodic Structure 42 5 Discussion and Future Prospect 43 References 44 Railway Wheel Out-of-Roundness and Its Effects on Vehicle–Track Dynamics: A Review 49 1 Overview of Wheel Out-of-Roundness (OOR) 49 1.1 Initiation and Development 49 1.2 Unfavourable Effects of Wheel OOR 53 2 Simulation of Vehicle–Track Dynamics Due to Wheel OOR 55 2.1 Wheel–Rail Interaction Modelling Considering Wheel OOR 55 2.2 Vehicle–Track System Dynamics: Modelling Approaches 59 2.3 Summary 62 3 Conclusions and Future Work 63 3.1 Conclusions 63 3.2 Limitations of Current Research and Future Work 67 References 68 Dynamic Response Analysis of Wind Turbines Under Long-Period Ground Motions 73 1 Introduction 73 2 Long-Period Ground Motion Record and Spectral Characteristics Analysis 76 3 Finite Element Modeling and Modal Analysis 80 3.1 Modeling 80 3.2 Modal Analysis 81 4 Dynamic Response of Wind Turbine Structure Under Long-Period Ground Motion 83 4.1 Displacement Response 83 4.2 Acceleration Response 85 4.3 Stress Response 87 4.4 Internal Force Analysis 88 5 Conclusion 89 References 92 Intelligent Image Analysis Technology and Application for Rail Track Inspection 93 1 Introduction 94 2 Fastener Defect Identification Technology 94 2.1 Fastener Data Set Construction 96 2.2 Deep Learning Modeling 97 2.3 Model Verification and Fine-Tuning 97 3 Intelligent Identification Technology for Foreign Objects in the Trackbed 98 3.1 Background of Foreign Object Identification in the Trackbed 99 3.2 Trackbed Foreign Object Detection Algorithm Based on Heuristic Learning 101 4 Conclusion 105 References 106 Investigation on the Effect of High-Frequency Torsional Impacts on the Torsional Vibration of an Oilwell Drill String in Slip Phase 108 1 Introduction 108 2 Drill String Vibration Model 110 3 Drill String Dynamics Under Torsional Impacts 112 3.1 Natural Frequency and Mode Shape 112 3.2 Generalized Moment of Inertia and Generalized Load 113 3.3 Generalized Coordinate 114 4 Case Study 117 5 Conclusions 122 Appendix A 122 Appendix B 124 Appendix C 125 References 127 Carriage–Rail–Viaduct Coupling Analysis Using Dynamic Flexibility Method 129 1 Introduction 129 2 Theory Deviation 130 2.1 Multiple-Layer Model for Vehicle–Rail–Viaduct Dynamic Analysis 130 2.2 Dynamic Flexibility Method 131 3 Model Parameters 132 3.1 Parameters for the Train 132 3.2 Irregularity Spectrum of the Rail 132 3.3 Scenarios in Computation 133 4 Results Analysis 133 5 Conclusions 137 References 138 Dynamic Response Reconstruction to Supplement the Data Insufficiency 139 1 Introduction 139 2 Kalman Filter Based Response Reconstruction 141 2.1 State Space Equations of a Structure in Modal Coordinate 141 2.2 Dynamic Response Reconstruction Under Known Excitation 142 2.3 Dynamic Response Reconstruction Under Unknown Excitation 143 3 Numerical Study 144 3.1 The Shear Frame 144 3.2 Dynamic Response Reconstruction 145 3.3 Discussion 147 4 Concluding Remarks 151 References 151 A Proposed Method for the Use of the IBIS-FS in Experimental Modal Analysis of Buildings 153 1 Introduction 153 2 Review 154 2.1 Structural Health Monitoring 154 2.2 Experimental Modal Analysis 155 3 Microwave Interferometric Radars 158 3.1 Applications of IBIS-FS 160 3.2 Alternative Vibration Sensing Devices 161 3.3 Case Study 163 3.4 Methodology 163 4 Results and Discussion 165 4.1 Method for Use of IBIS-FS in Building EMA 165 4.2 Range bin Selection 166 4.3 Frequency Plots 166 4.4 Phasor Polar Charts 169 4.5 The Effects of External Factors 171 4.6 Data Analysis and Interpretation 171 5 Concluding Remarks 173 References 173 Front Matter ....Pages i-x Damage Detection for Structural Health Monitoring of Bridges as a Knowledge Discovery in Databases Process (Moisés Silva, Adam Santos, Elói Figueiredo)....Pages 1-24 Structural Health Monitoring of Periodic Infrastructure: A Review and Discussion (Junfang Wang, Jian-Fu Lin)....Pages 25-40 Railway Wheel Out-of-Roundness and Its Effects on Vehicle–Track Dynamics: A Review (Xiao-Zhou Liu)....Pages 41-64 Dynamic Response Analysis of Wind Turbines Under Long-Period Ground Motions (Wanrun Li, Jie Huang, Yongfeng Du)....Pages 65-84 Intelligent Image Analysis Technology and Application for Rail Track Inspection (Peng Dai, Shengchun Wang, Zichen Gu)....Pages 85-99 Investigation on the Effect of High-Frequency Torsional Impacts on the Torsional Vibration of an Oilwell Drill String in Slip Phase (Liping Tang, Xiaohua Zhu, Yunlai Zhou)....Pages 101-121 Carriage–Rail–Viaduct Coupling Analysis Using Dynamic Flexibility Method (Linya Liu, Zhiyuan Zuo, Yun Lai Zhou, Jialiang Qin)....Pages 123-132 Dynamic Response Reconstruction to Supplement the Data Insufficiency (Chaodong Zhang, Jia He, Xiaohua Zhang)....Pages 133-146 A Proposed Method for the Use of the IBIS-FS in Experimental Modal Analysis of Buildings (Massoud Sofi, Elisa Lumantarna, Priyan Mendis, Lihai Zhang)....Pages 147-169 This Book Highlights The Applications Of Data Mining Technologies In Structural Dynamic Analysis Including Structural Design, Optimization, Parameter Identification, Model Updating, Damage Identification, And Civil, Mechanical, And Aerospace Engineering. Since These Engineering Applications Require Precise Structural Design, Fabrication, Inspection, And Further Monitoring To Obtain A Full Life-cycle Analysis, Data Mining Technologies Provide Another Aspect In Structural Dynamic Analysis By Focusing On Data Processing. This Book Uses Techniques Such As Time/frequency Domain, Hilbert Transforms, Wavelet Theory, And Machine Learning For Structural Dynamic Analysis To Help In Structural Monitoring And Diagnosis. It Provides An Essential Reference For Beginners, Graduates, And Industrial Professionals In Various Fields.