Darfur and the International Community: The Challenges of Conflict Resolution in Sudan (Library of International Relations)

The Darfur conflict has presented the international community with a number of challenges. How can the fighting be stopped in Darfur? What can be done to save lives and help the two million people displaced by the conflict? And how to help bring about peace, while ensuring that the peace agreement for the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983 - 2005) is implemented? Drawing on original research, and tracing the history of international responses to the conflicts in Sudan, Richard Barltrop investigates what has determined the outcomes of international mediation and relief in Sudan. In the process, he shows that Darfur must be seen within the wider context of conflict in Sudan, and that lessons should be drawn both for Sudan and for the effective practice of conflict resolution. Darfur has become synonymous with suffering. A vast, remote and poor region, Darfur has been torn by armed conflict and humanitarian crises, and haunted by the spectres of ethnic cleansing and genocide. After it broke onto the international stage in 2004 and grew into one of the world's worst humanitarian crises, the Darfur conflict presented the international community with dramatic challenges. How could the international community stop the fighting in Darfur? How could it save lives and help the two million people displaced by the conflict? And how could the international community - or those who wanted to act - bring about peace in Darfur and at the same time ensure that the Comprehensive Peace Agreement for the wider war between 1983 and 2005 was implemented?Here, Richard Barltrop draws on original research inside and outside Sudan, including extensive interviews with Sudanese and others who have been involved in Sudan's conflicts, politics and peace talks since 1983 and before, and official Sudanese and international sources. Tracing the history of international responses to the conflicts in Sudan, Barltrop investigates what determined the outcomes of international mediation and relief in Sudan. He shows that Darfur must be seen within the wider pattern of conflict in Sudan, and that both Sudan and the international community have missed opportunities to respond more effectively to the fundamental drivers of conflict in the country. As he explains, lessons should be drawn from this for Sudan and for the practice of conflict resolution elsewhere in the world today and in the future. This ground-breaking and insightful book offers crucial analysis for policymakers, mediators and humanitarian and development workers, as well as students and general readers who wish to deepen their understanding of Africa's largest country and the major political and humanitarian challenges it has posed for the international community. Contents......Page 6 List of Tables......Page 8 Note on Transliteration and Terminology......Page 10 Abbreviations......Page 12 Selected Chronology......Page 16 Acknowledgements......Page 20 Map of Sudan......Page 22 Introduction......Page 24 The Background to the civil war......Page 36 The Course of the War and the Darfur Conflict......Page 43 Good offices and eminent persons......Page 59 Regional Initiatives......Page 63 An International Initiative......Page 73 Darfur Mediation and Fragmentation......Page 85 Relief before operation lifeline Sudan, 1983-9......Page 92 Operation Lifeline Sudan and Relief, 1989-2001......Page 97 Relief, 2001-2004......Page 114 The Darfur Relief Operation, 2004 Onwards......Page 119 Clientelism and Aid, 1983-9......Page 126 Containment and Relief, 1989-2001......Page 132 Engagement and Relief, 2001-4......Page 145 Engagement and Containment, 2004 onwards......Page 154 Mediation......Page 160 Relief......Page 172 Foreign Policy......Page 182 The Outcomes in Sudan......Page 192 Comparisons and Prospects......Page 198 Conflict Resolution......Page 204 Notes......Page 214 Appendix......Page 246 Bibliography......Page 250 Index......Page 262 "The Darfur conflict has presented the international community with a number of challenges. How can the fighting be stopped in Darfur? What can be done to save lives and help the two million people displaced by the conflict? And how to help bring about peace, whilst ensuring that the peace agreement for the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983 - 2005) is implemented? Drawing on original research, and tracing the history of international responses to the conflicts in Sudan, Richard Barltrop investigates what has determined the outcomes of international mediation and relief in Sudan. In the process, he shows that Darfur must be seen within the wider context of conflict in Sudan, and that lessons should be drawn both for Sudan and for the effective practice of conflict resolution."--Bloomsbury Publishing.