پروتکل‌های جاری در زیست‌شناسی مولکولی: تمامی جلدها

Introduction .pdf......Page 1 Unit 1.1 Media Preparation and Bacteriological Tools.pdf......Page 4 Unit 1.2 Growth in Liquid Media.pdf......Page 11 Unit 1.3 Growth on Solid Media .pdf......Page 13 Unit 1.4 Selected Topics from Classical Bacterial Genetics .pdf......Page 19 Unit 1.5 Introduction to Plasmid Biology.pdf......Page 33 Unit 1.6 Minipreps of Plasmid DNA.pdf......Page 50 Unit 1.7 Large-Scale Preparation of Plasmid DNA.pdf......Page 60 Unit 1.8 Introduction of Plasmid DNA into Cells .pdf......Page 76 Unit 1.9 Introduction to Lambda Phages.pdf......Page 86 Unit 1.10 Lambda as a Cloning Vector .pdf......Page 90 Unit 1.11 Plating Lambda Phage to Generate Plaques.pdf......Page 101 Unit 1.12 Growing Lambda-Derived Vectors.pdf......Page 105 Unit 1.13 Preparing Lambda DNA from Phage Lysates .pdf......Page 108 Unit 1.14 Introduction to Vectors Derived from Filamentous Phages.pdf......Page 118 Unit 1.15 Preparing and Using M13-Derived Vectors .pdf......Page 123 Introduction .pdf......Page 131 Unit 2.1A Purification and Concentration of DNA from Aqueous Solutions .pdf......Page 134 Unit 2.1B Purification of DNA by Anion-Exchange Chromatography .pdf......Page 144 Unit 2.2 Preparation of Genomic DNA from Mammalian Tissue.pdf......Page 152 Unit 2.3 Preparation of Genomic DNA from Plant Tissue.pdf......Page 155 Unit 2.4 Preparation of Genomic DNA from Bacteria.pdf......Page 162 Unit 2.5A Agarose Gel Electrophoresis.pdf......Page 167 Unit 2.5B Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis.pdf......Page 176 Unit 2.6 Isolation and Purification of Large DNA Restriction Fragments from Agarose Gels.pdf......Page 185 Unit 2.7 Separation of Small DNA Fragments by Conventional Gel Electrophoresis.pdf......Page 197 Unit 2.8 Capillary Electrophoresis of DNA.pdf......Page 205 Unit 2.9A Southern Blotting.pdf......Page 222 Unit 2.9B Dot and Slot Blotting of DNA.pdf......Page 237 Unit 2.10 Hybridization Analysis of DNA Blots.pdf......Page 243 Unit 2.11.pdf......Page 259 Unit 2.12.pdf......Page 284 Introduction.pdf......Page 291 Unit 3.1 Digestion of DNA with Restriction Endonucleases.pdf......Page 293 Unit 3.2 Mapping by Multiple Endonuclease Digestions.pdf......Page 314 Unit 3.3 Mapping by Partial Endonuclease Digestions.pdf......Page 319 Unit 3.4 Reagents and Radioisotopes Used to Manipulate Nucleic Acids.pdf......Page 321 Unit 3.5 DNA-Dependent DNA Polymerases .pdf......Page 332 Unit 3.6 Template-Independent DNA Polymerases.pdf......Page 347 Unit 3.7 RNA-Dependent DNA Polymerases.pdf......Page 349 Unit 3.8 DNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases.pdf......Page 352 Unit 3.9 DNA-Independent RNA Polymerases.pdf......Page 356 Unit 3.10 Phosphatases and Kinases .pdf......Page 358 Unit 3.11 Exonucleases.pdf......Page 363 Unit 3.12 Endonucleases.pdf......Page 367 Unit 3.13 Ribonucleases.pdf......Page 373 Unit 3.14 DNA Ligases.pdf......Page 376 Unit 3.15 RNA Ligases.pdf......Page 380 Unit 3.16 Subcloning of DNA Fragments .pdf......Page 382 Unit 3.17 Constructing Recombinant DNA Molecules by the Polymerase Chain Reaction.pdf......Page 393 Unit 3.18 Labeling and Colorimetric Detection of Nonisotopic Probes.pdf......Page 403 Unit 3.19 Chemiluminescent Detection of Nonisotopic Probes.pdf......Page 412 Introduction .pdf......Page 420 Unit 4.1 Preparation of Cytoplasmic RNA from Tissue Culture Cells.pdf......Page 422 Unit 4.2 Guanidine Methods for Total RNA Preparation .pdf......Page 427 Unit 4.3 Phenol-SDS Method for Plant RNA Preparation.pdf......Page 436 Unit 4.4 Preparation of Bacterial RNA.pdf......Page 440 Unit 4.5 Preparation of Poly(A)+ RNA .pdf......Page 447 Unit 4.6 S1 Analysis of Messenger RNA Using Single-Stranded DNA Probes.pdf......Page 450 Unit 4.7 Ribonuclease Protection Assay.pdf......Page 463 Unit 4.8 Primer Extension.pdf......Page 471 Unit 4.9 Analysis of RNA by Northern and Slot Blot Hybridization.pdf......Page 476 Unit 4.10 Identification of Newly Transcribed RNA.pdf......Page 495 Introduction.pdf......Page 506 Unit 5.1 Genomic DNA Libraries.pdf......Page 509 Unit 5.2 cDNA Libraries.pdf......Page 512 Unit 5.3 Size Fractionation Using Sucrose Gradients.pdf......Page 513 Unit 5.4 Size Fractionation Using Agarose Gels.pdf......Page 521 Unit 5.5 Conversion of mRNA into Double-Stranded cDNA.pdf......Page 525 Unit 5.6 Ligation of Linkers or Adapters to Double-Stranded cDNA.pdf......Page 539 Unit 5.7 Production of a Genomic DNA Library .pdf......Page 549 Unit 5.8A Production of a Complete cDNA Library.pdf......Page 553 Unit 5.9 Construction of Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC-PAC) Libraries .pdf......Page 561 Unit 5.10 Amplification of a Bacteriophage Library.pdf......Page 594 Unit 5.11 Amplification of Cosmid and Plasmid Libraries .pdf......Page 597 Introduction .pdf......Page 599 Unit 6.1 Plating and Transferring Bacteriophage Libraries.pdf......Page 602 Unit 6.2 Plating and Transferring Cosmid and Plasmid Libraries.pdf......Page 606 Unit 6.3 Using DNA Fragments as Probes.pdf......Page 610 Unit 6.4 Using Synthetic Oligonucleotides as Probes.pdf......Page 616 Unit 6.5 Purification of Bacteriophage Clones.pdf......Page 626 Unit 6.6 Purification of Cosmid and Plasmid Clones .pdf......Page 628 Unit 6.7 Immunoscreening of Fusion Proteins Produced in Lambda Plaques.pdf......Page 629 Unit 6.8 Immunoscreening after Hybrid Selection and Translation.pdf......Page 635 Unit 6.9 Overview of Strategies for Screening YAC Libraries and Analyzing YAC Clones.pdf......Page 640 Unit 6.10 Analysis of Isolated YAC Clones.pdf......Page 647 Unit 6.11 Use of Monoclonal Antibodies for Expression Cloning.pdf......Page 666 Unit 6.12 Recombination-Based Assay (RBA) for Screening Bacteriophage Lambda Libraries.pdf......Page 682 Introduction .pdf......Page 694 Unit 7.1 DNA Sequencing Strategies .pdf......Page 709 Unit 7.2 Constructing Nested Deletions for Use in DNA Sequencing.pdf......Page 716 Unit 7.3 Preparation of Templates for DNA Sequencing.pdf......Page 736 Unit 7.4A DNA Sequencing by the Dideoxy Method.pdf......Page 746 Unit 7.4B Dideoxy DNA Sequencing with Chemiluminescent Detection.pdf......Page 785 Unit 7.5 DNA Sequencing by the Chemical Method .pdf......Page 799 Unit 7.6 Denaturing Gel Electrophoresis for Sequencing.pdf......Page 810 Unit 7.7 Computer Manipulation of DNA and Protein Sequences.pdf......Page 823 Introduction .pdf......Page 846 Unit 8.1 Oligonucleotide-Directed Mutagenesis without Phenotypic Selection.pdf......Page 848 Unit 8.2A Mutagenesis with Degenerate Oligonucleotides- Creating Numerous Mutations in a Small DNA Sequence.pdf......Page 854 Unit 8.2B Gene Synthesis- Assembly of Target Sequences Using Mutually Priming Long Oligonucleotides.pdf......Page 861 Unit 8.3 Random Mutagenesis by PCR .pdf......Page 867 Unit 8.4 Linker-Scanning Mutagenesis of DNA.pdf......Page 876 Unit 8.5 Directed Mutagenesis Using the Polymerase Chain Reaction.pdf......Page 883 Introduction.pdf......Page 893 Unit 9.1 Calcium Phosphate Transfection .pdf......Page 898 Unit 9.2 Transfection Using DEAE-Dextran .pdf......Page 909 Unit 9.3 Transfection by Electroporation.pdf......Page 919 Unit 9.4 Transfection of Cultured Eukaryotic Cells Using Cationic Lipid Reagents .pdf......Page 925 Unit 9.5 Selection of Transfected Mammalian Cells.pdf......Page 942 Unit 9.6 Overview of Genetic Reporter Systems.pdf......Page 961 Unit 9.7A Isotopic Assays for Reporter Gene Activity.pdf......Page 973 Unit 9.7B Nonisotopic Assays for Reporter Gene Activity.pdf......Page 984 Unit 9.7C Use of the A. Victoria Green Fluorescent Protein to Study Protein Dynamics in Vivo.pdf......Page 994 Unit 9.8 Direct Analysis of RNA after Transfection .pdf......Page 1001 Unit 9.9 Overview of the Retrovirus Transduction System.pdf......Page 1003 Unit 9.10 Preparation of a Specific Retrovirus Producer Cell Line.pdf......Page 1019 Unit 9.11 Transient Transfection Methods for Preparation of High-Titer Retroviral Supernatants.pdf......Page 1032 Unit 9.12 Large-Scale Preparation and Concentration of Retrovirus Stocks.pdf......Page 1050 Unit 9.13 Detection of Helper Virus in Retrovirus Stocks .pdf......Page 1056 Unit 9.14 Retrovirus Infection of Cells In Vitro and In Vivo .pdf......Page 1063 Unit 9.15 Human Somatic Cell Gene Targeting.pdf......Page 1069 Introduction.pdf......Page 1089 Unit 10.1A Spectrophotometric and Colorimetric Determination of Protein Concentration .pdf......Page 1109 Unit 10.1B Quantitative Amino Acid Analysis.pdf......Page 1119 Unit 10.2A One-Dimensional SDS Gel Electrophoresis of Proteins .pdf......Page 1122 Unit 10.2B One-Dimensional Electrophoresis Using Nondenaturing Conditions.pdf......Page 1157 Unit 10.3 Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis Using the ISO-DALT System.pdf......Page 1168 Unit 10.4 Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis.pdf......Page 1180 Unit 10.5 Overview of Digital Electrophoresis Analysis .pdf......Page 1203 Unit 10.6 Staining Proteins in Gels.pdf......Page 1228 Unit 10.7 Detection of Proteins on Blot Transfer Membranes.pdf......Page 1253 Unit 10.8 Immunoblotting and Immunodetection.pdf......Page 1259 Unit 10.9 Gel-Filtration Chromatography.pdf......Page 1283 Unit 10.10 Ion-Exchange Chromatography.pdf......Page 1315 Unit 10.11A Immunoaffinity Chromatography .pdf......Page 1345 Unit 10.11B Metal-Chelate Affinity Chromatography.pdf......Page 1354 Unit 10.12 HPLC of Peptides and Proteins- Preparation and System Set-Up.pdf......Page 1369 Unit 10.13 HPLC of Peptides and Proteins- Standard Operating Conditions.pdf......Page 1378 Unit 10.14 Reversed-Phase Isolation of Peptides .pdf......Page 1410 Unit 10.15 Purification of Recombinant Proteins and Study of Protein Interaction by Epitope Tagging.pdf......Page 1427 Unit 10.16 Immunoprecipitation.pdf......Page 1436 Unit 10.17 Synthesizing Proteins In Vitro by Transcription and Translation of Cloned Genes .pdf......Page 1465 Unit 10.18 Metabolic Labeling with Amino Acids.pdf......Page 1470 Unit 10.19 Isolation of Proteins for Microsequence Analysis.pdf......Page 1480 Unit 10.20 Capillary Electrophoresis of Proteins and Peptides.pdf......Page 1492 Unit 10.21 Overview of Peptide and Protein Analysis by Mass Spectrometry.pdf......Page 1505 Unit 10.22 Protein Identification and Characterization by Mass Spectrometry.pdf......Page 1532 Unit 10.23 Difference Gel Electrophoresis (DIGE) Using CyDye DIGE Fluor Minimal Dyes.pdf......Page 1556 Introduction.pdf......Page 1564 Unit 11.1 Conjugation of Enzymes to Antibodies.pdf......Page 1567 Unit 11.2 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA).pdf......Page 1574 Unit 11.3 Isotype Determination of Antibodies.pdf......Page 1596 Unit 11.4 Immunization of Mice .pdf......Page 1602 Unit 11.5 Preparation of Myeloma Cells .pdf......Page 1607 Unit 11.6 Preparation of Mouse Feeder Cells for Fusion and Cloning.pdf......Page 1610 Unit 11.7 Fusion of Myeloma Cells with Immune Spleen Cells .pdf......Page 1613 Unit 11.8 Cloning of Hybridoma Cell Lines by Limiting Dilution.pdf......Page 1617 Unit 11.9 Freezing and Recovery of Hybridoma Cell Lines.pdf......Page 1619 Unit 11.10 Production of Monoclonal Antibody Supernatant and Ascites Fluid.pdf......Page 1622 Unit 11.11 Purification of Monoclonal Antibodies.pdf......Page 1630 Unit 11.12 Production of Polyclonal Antisera.pdf......Page 1635 Unit 11.13 In Vitro Antibody Production.pdf......Page 1644 Unit 11.14 Purification of Immunoglobulin G Fraction from Antiserum, Ascites Fluid, or Hybridoma Supernatant .pdf......Page 1661 Unit 11.15 Introduction to Peptide Synthesis .pdf......Page 1666 Unit 11.16 Synthetic Peptides for Production of Antibodies that Recognize Intact Proteins.pdf......Page 1675 Unit 11.17 Determination of the Specific Antibody Titer.pdf......Page 1694 Unit 11.18 Identification of Polyol-Responsive Monoclonal Antibodies for Use in Immunoaffinity Chromatography .pdf......Page 1707 Introduction .pdf......Page 1716 Unit 12.1 Preparation of Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Extracts from Mammalian Cells.pdf......Page 1720 Unit 12.2 Mobility Shift DNA-Binding Assay Using Gel Electrophoresis.pdf......Page 1729 Unit 12.3 Methylation and Uracil Interference Assays for Analysis of Protein-DNA Interactions.pdf......Page 1740 Unit 12.4 DNase I Footprint Analysis of Protein-DNA Binding .pdf......Page 1747 Unit 12.5 UV Crosslinking of Proteins to Nucleic Acids.pdf......Page 1763 Unit 12.6 Purification of DNA-Binding Proteins Using Biotin-Streptavidin Affinity Systems.pdf......Page 1771 Unit 12.7 Detection, Purification, and Characterization of cDNA Clones Encoding DNA-Binding Proteins .pdf......Page 1780 Unit 12.8 Rapid Separation of Protein-Bound DNA from Free DNA Using Nitrocellulose Filters.pdf......Page 1790 Unit 12.9 Analysis of DNA-Protein Interactions Using Proteins Synthesized In Vitro from Cloned Genes.pdf......Page 1799 Unit 12.10 Purification of Sequence-Specific DNA-Binding Proteins by Affinity Chromatography.pdf......Page 1803 Unit 12.11 Determination of Protein-DNA Sequence Specificity by PCR-Assisted Binding-Site Selection.pdf......Page 1821 Unit 12.12 Yeast One-Hybrid Screening for DNA-Protein Interactions .pdf......Page 1832 Introduction.pdf......Page 1854 Unit 13.1 Preparation of Yeast Media.pdf......Page 1857 Unit 13.2 Growth and Manipulation of Yeast.pdf......Page 1864 Unit 13.3 Genome-Wide Transposon Mutagenesis in Yeast .pdf......Page 1876 Unit 13.4 Yeast Cloning Vectors and Genes .pdf......Page 1891 Unit 13.6 Yeast Vectors and Assays for Expression of Cloned Genes.pdf......Page 1901 Unit 13.7 Introduction of DNA into Yeast Cells.pdf......Page 1907 Unit 13.8 Cloning Yeast Genes by Complementation.pdf......Page 1917 Unit 13.9 Manipulation of Plasmids from Yeast Cells.pdf......Page 1921 Unit 13.10 Manipulation of Cloned Yeast DNA .pdf......Page 1927 Unit 13.11 Preparation of Yeast DNA.pdf......Page 1941 Unit 13.12 Preparation of Yeast RNA.pdf......Page 1945 Unit 13.13 Preparation of Protein Extracts from Yeast.pdf......Page 1950 Unit 13.14 Overview of Schizosaccharomyces pombe.pdf......Page 1959 Unit 13.15 S. pombe Strain Maintenance and Media.pdf......Page 1962 Unit 13.16 Growth and Manipulation of S. pombe .pdf......Page 1967 Unit 13.17 Introduction of DNA into S. pombe Cells.pdf......Page 1984 Introduction .pdf......Page 1992 Unit 14.1 Fixation, Embedding, and Sectioning of Tissues, Embryos, and Single Cells.pdf......Page 1994 Unit 14.2 Cryosectioning.pdf......Page 2002 Unit 14.3 In Situ Hybridization to Cellular RNA.pdf......Page 2010 Unit 14.4 Detection of Hybridized Probe .pdf......Page 2026 Unit 14.5 Counterstaining and Mounting of Autoradiographed In Situ Hybridization Slides.pdf......Page 2029 Unit 14.6 Immunohistochemistry.pdf......Page 2034 Unit 14.7 In situ Hybridization and Detection Using Nonisotopic Probes.pdf......Page 2047 Unit 14.8 In situ Polymerase Chain Reaction and Hybridization to Detect Low-Abundance Nucleic Acid Targets.pdf......Page 2061 Unit 14.9 Whole-Mount In Situ Hybridization and Detection of RNAs in Vertebrate Embryos and Isolated Organs.pdf......Page 2085 Unit 14.10 Principles and Application of Fluorescence Microscopy .pdf......Page 2109 Unit 14.11 Basic Confocal Microscopy .pdf......Page 2120 Unit 14.12 Measurement of In Situ Hybridization.pdf......Page 2132 Unit 14.13 Morphological, Biochemical, and Flow Cytometric Assays of Apoptosis.pdf......Page 2141 Unit 14.14 Whole-Mount Histochemical Detection of -Galactosidase Activity.pdf......Page 2162 Unit 14.15 Overview of Image Analysis, Image Importing, and Image Processing using Freeware .pdf......Page 2170 Introduction.pdf......Page 2179 Unit 15.1 Enzymatic Amplification of DNA by PCR- Standard Procedures and Optimization.pdf......Page 2182 Unit 15.2 Direct DNA Sequencing of PCR Products.pdf......Page 2196 Unit 15.3 Ligation-Mediated PCR for Genomic Sequencing and Footprinting.pdf......Page 2209 Unit 15.4 Molecular Cloning of PCR Products.pdf......Page 2235 Unit 15.5 Enzymatic Amplification of RNA by PCR (RT-PCR).pdf......Page 2246 Unit 15.6 cDNA Amplification Using One-Sided (Anchored) PCR.pdf......Page 2252 Unit 15.7 Quantitation of Rare DNAs by PCR.pdf......Page 2262 Unit 15.8 High-Throughput Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR.pdf......Page 2270 Introduction.pdf......Page 2291 Unit 16.1 Overview of Protein Expression in E. coli .pdf......Page 2295 Unit 16.2 Expression Using the T7 RNA Polymerase-Promoter System.pdf......Page 2298 Unit 16.3 Expression Using Vectors with Phage Regulatory Sequences.pdf......Page 2309 Unit 16.4A Introduction to Expression by Fusion Protein Vectors.pdf......Page 2320 Unit 16.4B Enzymatic and Chemical Cleavage of Fusion Proteins.pdf......Page 2324 Unit 16.5 Expression and Purification of lacZ and trpE Fusion Proteins.pdf......Page 2337 Unit 16.6 Expression and Purification of Maltose-Binding Protein Fusions.pdf......Page 2343 Unit 16.7 Expression and Purification of Glutathione-S-Transferase Fusion Proteins .pdf......Page 2357 Unit 16.8 Expression and Purification of Thioredoxin Fusion Proteins .pdf......Page 2364 Unit 16.9 Overview of the Baculovirus Expression System.pdf......Page 2378 Unit 16.10 Maintenance of Insect Cell Cultures and Generation of Recombinant Baculoviruses.pdf......Page 2388 Unit 16.11 Expression and Purification of Recombinant Proteins Using the Baculovirus System.pdf......Page 2407 Unit 16.12 Transient Expression of Proteins Using COS Cells .pdf......Page 2421 Unit 16.13 Expression and Purification of Epitope-Tagged Multisubunit Protein Complexes from Mammalian Cells.pdf......Page 2428 Unit 16.14 Inducible Gene Expression Using an Autoregulatory, Tetracycline-Controlled System.pdf......Page 2445 Unit 16.15 Overview of the Vaccinia Virus Expression System .pdf......Page 2454 Unit 16.16 Preparation of Cell Cultures and Vaccinia Virus Stocks .pdf......Page 2459 Unit 16.17 Generation of Recombinant Vaccinia Viruses.pdf......Page 2472 Unit 16.18 Characterization of Recombinant Vaccinia Viruses and Their Products.pdf......Page 2491 Unit 16.19 Gene Expression Using the Vaccinia Virus-T7 RNA Polymerase Hybrid System.pdf......Page 2502 Unit 16.20 Expression of Proteins Using Semliki Forest Virus Vectors .pdf......Page 2513 Unit 16.21 Overview of the HIV-1 Lentiviral Vector System.pdf......Page 2529 Unit 16.22 Generation of HIV-1-Based Lentiviral Vector Particles.pdf......Page 2544 Unit 16.23 Amplification Using CHO Cell Expression Vectors.pdf......Page 2559 Unit 16.24 Helper-Dependent Adenoviral Vectors.pdf......Page 2572 Introduction .pdf......Page 2595 Unit 17.1 Special Considerations for Glycoproteins and Their Purification .pdf......Page 2605 Unit 17.2 Special Considerations for Proteoglycans and Glycosaminoglycans and Their Purification.pdf......Page 2615 Unit 17.3 Special Considerations for Glycolipids and Their Purification.pdf......Page 2624 Unit 17.4 Metabolic Radiolabeling of Animal Cell Glycoconjugates .pdf......Page 2637 Unit 17.5 Chemical Labeling of Carbohydrates by Oxidation and Sodium Borohydride Reduction.pdf......Page 2653 Unit 17.6 Detection and Analysis of Proteins Modified by O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine .pdf......Page 2661 Unit 17.7 Lectin Analysis of Proteins Blotted onto Filters.pdf......Page 2686 Unit 17.8 Detection of Glycophospholipid Anchors on Proteins.pdf......Page 2694 Unit 17.9 Direct Chemical Analysis of Glycoconjugates for Carbohydrates.pdf......Page 2707 Unit 17.10A Inhibition of N-Linked Glycosylation.pdf......Page 2718 Unit 17.10B Inhibition of Glycolipid Biosynthesis.pdf......Page 2727 Unit 17.11 Synthetic Glycosides as Primers of Oligosaccharide Biosynthesis and Inhibitors of Glycoprotein and Proteoglycan Assembly.pdf......Page 2732 Unit 17.12 Sialidases.pdf......Page 2738 Unit 17.13A Endoglycosidase and Glycoamidase Release of N-Linked Oligosaccharides.pdf......Page 2746 Unit 17.13B Analysis of Glycosaminoglycans with Polysaccharide Lyases .pdf......Page 2772 Unit 17.14A Preparation of Glycopeptides .pdf......Page 2788 Unit 17.14B Detection of Individual Glycosylation Sites on Glycoproteins.pdf......Page 2797 Unit 17.15A -Elimination for Release of O-Linked Glycosaminoglycans from Proteoglycans.pdf......Page 2803 Unit 17.15B -Elimination for Release of O-GalNAc-Linked Oligosaccharides from Glycoproteins and Glycopeptides .pdf......Page 2806 Unit 17.16 Acid Hydrolysis for Release of Monosaccharides.pdf......Page 2812 Unit 17.17A Enzymatic Release of Oligosaccharides from Glycolipids.pdf......Page 2823 Unit 17.17B Endo--Galactosidases and Keratanase.pdf......Page 2828 Unit 17.18 Analysis of Monosaccharides.pdf......Page 2836 Unit 17.19A Total Compositional Analysis by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography or Gas-Liquid Chromatography .pdf......Page 2855 Unit 17.19B Composition of Labeled Monosaccharides from Glycosaminoglycans .pdf......Page 2880 Unit 17.20 Analysis of Oligosaccharide Negative Charge by Anion-Exchange Chromatography.pdf......Page 2887 Unit 17.21A HPLC Methods for the Fractionation and Analysis of Negatively Charged Oligosaccharides and Gangliosides.pdf......Page 2894 Unit 17.21B Fractionation and Analysis of Neutral Oligosaccharides by HPLC .pdf......Page 2902 Unit 17.22A Nitrous Acid Degradation of Glycosaminoglycans.pdf......Page 2907 Unit 17.22B Analysis of Disaccharides and Tetrasaccharides Released from Glycosaminoglycans.pdf......Page 2912 Unit 17.23 Analysis of Sulfate Esters by Solvolysis or Hydrolysis.pdf......Page 2924 Introduction.pdf......Page 2932 Unit 18.1 Overview of Protein Phosphorylation.pdf......Page 2934 Unit 18.2 Labeling Cultured Cells with 32Pi and Preparing Cell Lysates for Immunoprecipitation.pdf......Page 2939 Unit 18.3 Phosphoamino Acid Analysis.pdf......Page 2947 Unit 18.4 Analysis of Phosphorylation of Unlabeled Proteins.pdf......Page 2955 Unit 18.5 Detection of Phosphorylation by Enzymatic Techniques.pdf......Page 2962 Unit 18.6 Production of Antibodies That Recognize Specific Tyrosine-Phosphorylated Peptides.pdf......Page 2971 Unit 18.7 Assays of Protein Kinases Using Exogenous Substrates .pdf......Page 2990 Unit 18.8 Permeabilization Strategies to Study Protein Phosphorylation.pdf......Page 3012 Unit 18.9 Phosphopeptide Mapping and Identification of Phosphorylation Sites.pdf......Page 3031 Unit 18.10 Use of Protein Phosphatase Inhibitors.pdf......Page 3059 Unit 18.11 Design and Use of Analog-Sensitive Protein Kinases.pdf......Page 3072 Unit 18.12 Detection of MAP Kinase Signaling.pdf......Page 3091 Introduction.pdf......Page 3114 Unit 19.1 Internet Basics for Biologists.pdf......Page 3116 Unit 19.2 Sequence Databases- Integrated Information Retrieval and Data Submission.pdf......Page 3132 Unit 19.3 Sequence Similarity Searching Using the BLAST Family of Programs .pdf......Page 3152 Unit 19.4 Protein Databases on the Internet.pdf......Page 3181 Unit 19.5 Basic Protein Sequence Analysis.pdf......Page 3196 Introduction.pdf......Page 3220 Unit 20.1 Interaction Trap-wo-Hybrid System to Identify Interacting Proteins.pdf......Page 3226 Unit 20.2 Affinity Purification of Proteins Binding to GST Fusion Proteins.pdf......Page 3266 Unit 20.3 Phage-Based Expression Cloning to Identify Interacting Proteins.pdf......Page 3276 Unit 20.4 Surface Plasmon Resonance for Measurements of Biological Interest .pdf......Page 3285 Unit 20.5 Detection of Protein-Protein Interactions by Coprecipitation.pdf......Page 3297 Unit 20.6 Identification of Protein Interactions by Far Western Analysis.pdf......Page 3306 Unit 20.7 Two-Hybrid Dual Bait System.pdf......Page 3316 Unit 20.8 Interaction Trap-Two-Hybrid System to Identify Loss-of-Interaction Mutant Proteins .pdf......Page 3353 Introduction.pdf......Page 3363 Unit 21.1 Micrococcal Nuclease Analysis of Chromatin Structure .pdf......Page 3365 Unit 21.2 Separation of Histone Variants and Post-Translationally Modified Isoforms by Triton.pdf......Page 3382 Unit 21.3 Chromatin Immunoprecipitation for Determining the Association of Proteins with Specific Genomic Sequences In Vivo.pdf......Page 3392 Unit 21.4 DNase I and Hydroxyl Radical Characterization of Chromatin Complexes.pdf......Page 3425 Unit 21.5 Isolation of Histones and Nucleosome Cores from Mammalian Cells.pdf......Page 3434 Unit 21.6 Assembly of Nucleosomal Templates by Salt Dialysis.pdf......Page 3446 Unit 21.7 Chromatin Assembly Using Drosophila Systems.pdf......Page 3462 Unit 21.8 Analysis of Protein Co-Occupancy by Quantitative Sequential Chromatin Immunoprecipitation .pdf......Page 3489 Unit 21.9 Defining In Vivo Targets of Nuclear Proteins by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation and Microarray Analysis.pdf......Page 3496 Introduction .pdf......Page 3503 Unit 22.1 Overview of Nucleic Acid Arrays.pdf......Page 3504 Unit 22.2 Preparation of mRNA for Expression Monitoring.pdf......Page 3511 Unit 22.3 Profiling Human Gene Expression with cDNA Microarrays.pdf......Page 3524 Unit 22.4 Overview of mRNA Expression Profiling Using Microarrays.pdf......Page 3550 Unit 22.5 Pattern Discovery in Expression Profiling Data.pdf......Page 3558 Introduction.pdf......Page 3569 Unit 23.1 Overview of Gene Targeting by Homologous Recombination.pdf......Page 3571 Unit 23.2 Mouse Embryo Fibroblast (MEF) Feeder Cell Preparation.pdf......Page 3582 Unit 23.3 Mouse Embryonic Stem (ES) Cell Culture.pdf......Page 3589 Unit 23.4 Mouse Embryonic Stem (ES) Cell Isolation .pdf......Page 3595 Unit 23.5 Production of a Heterozygous Mutant Cell Line by Homologous Recombination.pdf......Page 3604 Unit 23.6 Production of a Homozygous Mutant Embryonic Stem Cell Line.pdf......Page 3615 Unit 23.7 Chimeric Mouse Production by Microinjection .pdf......Page 3618 Unit 23.8 Mouse Colony Management .pdf......Page 3638 Unit 23.9 Transgenic Mouse Production By Zygote Injection .pdf......Page 3649 Unit 23.10 Transgenic Mouse Colony Management .pdf......Page 3678 Unit 23.11 Modification and Production of BAC Transgenes.pdf......Page 3686 Unit 23.12 Regulation of Transgene Expression Using Tetracycline.pdf......Page 3701 Unit 24.1 Overview of Agents from Combinatorial Nucleic Acid and Protein Libraries.pdf......Page 3709 Unit 24.2 Design, Synthesis, and Amplification of DNA Pools for Construction of Combinatorial Pools and Libraries.pdf......Page 3710 Unit 24.3 In Vitro Selection of RNA Aptamers to a Protein Target by Filter Immobilization .pdf......Page 3734 Unit 24.4 Peptide Aptamers- Dominant Genetic Agents for Forward and Reverse Analysis of Cellular Processes.pdf......Page 3759 Unit 24.5 Protein Selection Using mRNA Display .pdf......Page 3784 Introduction.pdf......Page 3818 Unit 25A.1 Laser Capture Microdissection.pdf......Page 3820 Unit 25A.2 Preparation of Single Cells from Solid Tissues for Analysis by PCR.pdf......Page 3844 Unit 25B.1 Production of a Subtracted cDNA Library.pdf......Page 3859 Unit 25B.2 PCR-Based Subtractive cDNA Cloning .pdf......Page 3867 Unit 25B.3 Differential Display of mRNA by PCR.pdf......Page 3887 Unit 25B.4 Restriction-Mediated Differential Display (RMDD).pdf......Page 3897 Unit 25B.5 AFLP-Based Transcript Profiling.pdf......Page 3914 Unit 25B.6 Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) .pdf......Page 3930 Unit 25B.7 Representational Difference Analysis.pdf......Page 3959 Unit 25B.8 Gene Expression Analysis of a Single or Few Cells .pdf......Page 3971 Introduction.pdf......Page 3989 Unit 26.1 Overview of RNA Interference and Related Processes.pdf......Page 3990 Unit 26.2 Gene Silencing by RNAi in Mammalian Cells .pdf......Page 3996 Unit 26.3 RNA Interference in Caenorhabditis Elegans.pdf......Page 4010 Unit 26.4 Cloning of Small RNA Molecules.pdf......Page 4030 Unit 26.5 RNA Interference in Cultured Drosophila Cells.pdf......Page 4048 Introduction .pdf......Page 4055 Unit 27.1 Agarose Gel Separation-Isolation of RNA-Protein Complexes.pdf......Page 4056 Unit 27.2 Identification of RNA Binding Proteins by UV Cross-Linking .pdf......Page 4061 Unit 27.3 Purification of Functional RNA-Protein Complexes using MS2-MBP.pdf......Page 4071 Introduction.pdf......Page 4078 Unit 28.1 Preparation, Culture, and Immortalization of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts .pdf......Page 4079 Unit 28.2 Isolation and Immortalization of Lymphocytes.pdf......Page 4087 Unit 28.3 Establishment and Culture of Human Skin Fibroblasts.pdf......Page 4092 1A Common Abbreviations.pdf......Page 4101 1B Useful Measurements and Data .pdf......Page 4109 1C Characteristics of Amino Acids.pdf......Page 4110 1D Characteristics of Nucleic Acids.pdf......Page 4122 1E Radioactivity.pdf......Page 4133 1F Safe Use of Radioisotopes .pdf......Page 4136 1G Centrifuges and Rotors.pdf......Page 4147 1H Safe Use of Hazardous Chemicals .pdf......Page 4153 1I Commonly Used Detergents.pdf......Page 4186 1J Common Conversion Factors.pdf......Page 4189 1K Compendium of Drugs Commonly Used in Molecular Biology Research.pdf......Page 4197 2 Commonly Used Reagents and Equipment .pdf......Page 4223 3A Detection and Quantitation of Radiolabeled Proteins and DNA in Gels and Blots.pdf......Page 4231 3B Silanizing Glassware.pdf......Page 4241 3C Dialysis and Ultrafiltration.pdf......Page 4243 3D Quantitation of DNA and RNA with Absorption and Fluorescence Spectroscopy .pdf......Page 4250 3E Introduction of Restriction Enzyme Recognition Sequences by Silent Mutation .pdf......Page 4262 3F Techniques for Mammalian Cell Tissue Culture.pdf......Page 4265 3G Importing Biological Materials.pdf......Page 4279 3H Kinetic Assay Methods.pdf......Page 4282 3I Statistics for the Molecular Biologist- Group Comparisons .pdf......Page 4293 4 Selected Suppliers of Reagents and Equipment .pdf......Page 4315 5 Vectors .pdf......Page 4350