Culture and Values, Volume II: A Survey of the Humanities

MuPDF error: syntax error: invalid key in dict MuPDF error: syntax error: invalid key in dict MuPDF error: syntax error: invalid key in dict MuPDF error: syntax error: invalid key in dict MuPDF error: syntax error: invalid key in dict MuPDF error: syntax error: invalid key in dict MuPDF error: syntax error: invalid key in dict MuPDF error: syntax error: invalid key in dict MuPDF error: syntax error: invalid key in dict Front Cover 1 Title Page 8 Copyright 9 Contents 10 Listening CD Selections 16 Preface 18 The Arts: An Introduction 21 How to Look at Art 22 An Exercise in Looking at Art 24 How to Listen to Music 24 How to Read Literature 27 How to Read Maps 29 12 The Early Renaissance 30 Toward the Renaissance 30 Florence and the Renaissance 32 The Medici Era 39 The Character of Renaissance Humanism 52 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: Fra Savonarola 53 Two Styles of Humanism 54 Machiavelli 54 Erasmus 55 Music in the Fifteenth Century 56 Guillaume Dufay 56 Music in Medici Florence 57 Summary 57 Exercises 58 13 The High Renaissance in Italy 60 Popes and Patronage 60 Raphael 62 Michelangelo 65 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: Donna Vittoria and Michelangelo 68 The New Saint Peter’s 71 The High Renaissance in Venice 73 Architecture: Andrea Palladio 73 Painting in Venice 74 VALUES: Patronage 75 Mannerism 78 Music in the Sixteenth Century 82 Music at the Papal Court 82 Venetian Music 83 Contrasting Renaissance Voices 83 Castiglione 84 Cellini 84 Summary 85 Exercises 86 14 The Renaissance in the North 88 The Spread of Humanism 88 The Reformation 92 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: Katherine Zell 93 Causes of the Reformation 93 Renaissance Humanism and the Reformation 95 VALUES: Reform 96 Cultural Significance of the Reformation 96 Intellectual Developments 98 Montaigne’s Essays 98 The Growth of Science 98 The Visual Arts in Northern Europe 100 Painting in Germany 100 Painting in the Netherlands 104 Art and Architecture in France 108 Art in Elizabethan England 109 Music of the Northern Renaissance 111 Music in France and Germany 112 Elizabethan Music 112 English Literature: Shakespeare 114 Summary 117 Exercises 118 15 The Baroque World 120 The Counter-Reformation Spirit 120 The Visual Arts in the Baroque Period 124 Painting in Rome: Caravaggio and the Carracci 124 Roman Baroque Sculpture and Architecture 128 Baroque Art in France and Spain 130 France 130 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: Giambattista Passeri 131 Spain 135 Baroque Art in Northern Europe 137 Baroque Music 143 The Birth of Opera 143 Baroque Instrumental and Vocal Music 145 Johann Sebastian Bach 146 Philosophy and Science in the Baroque Period 148 Galileo Galilei 148 René Descartes 150 Thomas Hobbes 150 John Locke 151 Literature in the Seventeenth Century 151 French Baroque Comedy and Tragedy 151 VALUES: Scientific Truth 152 Cervantes and the Spanish Novel 153 The English Metaphysical Poets 153 John Milton’s Heroic Vision 154 Summary 155 Exercises 156 16 The Eighteenth Century: From Rococo to Revolution 158 Age of Diversity 158 The Visual Arts in the Eighteenth Century 163 The Rococo Style 163 Rococo Painting 164 Rococo Sculpture and Architecture 167 Neo-Classical Art 167 Classical Music 171 The Classical Symphony 172 Haydn 174 Mozart 174 Literature in the Eighteenth Century 177 Intellectual Developments 177 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: A Visit to the Court of Louis XV 178 Rational Humanism: The Encyclopedists 180 Voltaire’s Philosophical Cynicism: Candide 181 VALUES: Revolution 182 The Late Eighteenth Century: Time of Revolution 183 Summary 185 Exercises 186 17 The Romantic Era 188 The Concerns of Romanticism 189 The Intellectual Background 192 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: Isabella Bird Meets a Mountain Man 194 Music in the Romantic Era 195 Beethoven 195 Instrumental Music after Beethoven 198 The Age of the Virtuosos 199 VALUES: Nationalism 200 Musical Nationalism 201 Opera 201 Romantic Art 205 Painting at the Turn of the Century 205 Painting and Architecture in France: Romanticism and Realism 208 Painting in Germany and England 214 Literature in the Nineteenth Century 215 Goethe 215 Romantic Poetry 216 The Novel 217 The Romantic Era in America 219 American Literature 220 American Painting 222 Summary 224 Exercises 226 18 Toward the Modern Era: 1870-1914 228 The Spirit of the Age 228 The Growing Unrest 230 VALUES: Imperialism 232 New Movements in the Visual Arts 233 Impressionism 236 Post-Impressionism 241 Fauvism and Expressionism 245 New Styles in Music 248 Orchestral Music at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century 248 Impressionism in Music 251 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: Gustav Mahler 252 New Subjects for Literature 255 Psychological Insights in Literature and Drama 255 The Role of Women 256 Summary 257 Exercises 259 19 India, China, and Japan: From the Medieval to the Modern World 260 India: From Mughal Conquest to British Rule 261 The Mughal Empire 262 Mughal Art 263 The End of Mughal Rule and the Arrival of the British 266 The Rise of Nationalism 267 China: Imperial Rule of the Ming and Qing Dynasties 267 The Arts Under the Ming Dynasty 268 The Qing Dynasty: China and the Western Powers 271 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: The Emperor of China Studies Western Mathematics 272 The Collapse of Chinese Imperial Rule 273 The Art and Culture of Japan 274 Early Japanese History and Culture 274 The Period of Feudal Rule 276 The Edo Period 276 Modern Japan: The Meiji 278 Asian Film 278 Summary 279 Exercises 280 20 The Peoples and Cultures of Africa 282 Religion and Society in Early Africa 283 Three Early African Kingdoms: Ghana, Benin, and Zimbabwe 285 The Kingdom of Ghana 285 The Kingdom of Benin 286 The Kingdom of Zimbabwe .. Billy Strayhorn, “Take the A Train,” The Duke Ellington 288 African Literature 289 Leopold Senghor and Negritude 289 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: An Arab and a European Visit Africa 290 African Novelists 290 Traditional African Art in the Modern Period 291 The Impact of African Culture on the West 293 Summary 294 Exercises 295 21 Between the World Wars 296 The Great War (World War I) and Its Significance 296 Literary Modernism 299 European Writers 299 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: Virginia Woolf 301 The Harlem Renaissance in the United States 301 Futurism 301 The Revolution in Art After World War I 303 Analytical Cubism 303 Synthetic Cubism 306 Guernica: Art as Protest 307 VALUES: Disillusionment 308 Expressionism and Kandinsky 309 Dada: Art as Escape 309 Freud, the Unconscious, and Surrealism 310 Freud and Surrealist Literature 311 Surrealism in Art 311 Music in the Jazz Age 313 Jazz as Swing 315 The Influence of Jazz 315 Ballet: Collaboration among the Arts 317 Film 317 Propaganda Films as Art 317 Photography 320 Bauhaus And Architecture 321 Summary 322 Exercises 322 22 The Contemporary Contour 324 Toward a Global Culture 324 The Demand for Rights 327 The Artist and Change 327 Philosophy: Existentialism 327 Painting Since 1945 328 Abstract Expressionism 330 The Return to Representation 333 Photorealists 335 Other Trends 338 Contemporary Sculpture 341 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: Magdalena Abakanowicz 342 Other Directions 346 VALUES: Liberation 348 Architecture 349 Concrete and Architecture 352 Bauhaus in America 354 New Directions 355 Some Trends in Contemporary Literature 359 Music Since 1945 360 Avant-Garde Developments 360 The New Minimalists 362 Traditional Approaches to Modern Music 362 A Note on the Postmodern Sensibility 363 Summary 363 Exercises 364 Pronunciation Glossary 366 Index 392 Photo Credits 410 Literary Credits 413 Front Cover......Page 1 Title Page......Page 8 Copyright......Page 9 Contents......Page 10 Listening CD Selections......Page 16 Preface......Page 18 The Arts: An Introduction......Page 21 How to Look at Art......Page 22 How to Listen to Music......Page 24 How to Read Literature......Page 27 How to Read Maps......Page 29 Toward the Renaissance......Page 30 Florence and the Renaissance......Page 32 The Medici Era......Page 39 The Character of Renaissance Humanism......Page 52 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: Fra Savonarola......Page 53 Machiavelli......Page 54 Erasmus......Page 55 Guillaume Dufay......Page 56 Summary......Page 57 Exercises......Page 58 Popes and Patronage......Page 60 Raphael......Page 62 Michelangelo......Page 65 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: Donna Vittoria and Michelangelo......Page 68 The New Saint Peter’s......Page 71 Architecture: Andrea Palladio......Page 73 Painting in Venice......Page 74 VALUES: Patronage......Page 75 Mannerism......Page 78 Music at the Papal Court......Page 82 Contrasting Renaissance Voices......Page 83 Cellini......Page 84 Summary......Page 85 Exercises......Page 86 The Spread of Humanism......Page 88 The Reformation......Page 92 Causes of the Reformation......Page 93 Renaissance Humanism and the Reformation......Page 95 Cultural Significance of the Reformation......Page 96 The Growth of Science......Page 98 Painting in Germany......Page 100 Painting in the Netherlands......Page 104 Art and Architecture in France......Page 108 Art in Elizabethan England......Page 109 Music of the Northern Renaissance......Page 111 Elizabethan Music......Page 112 English Literature: Shakespeare......Page 114 Summary......Page 117 Exercises......Page 118 The Counter-Reformation Spirit......Page 120 Painting in Rome: Caravaggio and the Carracci......Page 124 Roman Baroque Sculpture and Architecture......Page 128 France......Page 130 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: Giambattista Passeri......Page 131 Spain......Page 135 Baroque Art in Northern Europe......Page 137 The Birth of Opera......Page 143 Baroque Instrumental and Vocal Music......Page 145 Johann Sebastian Bach......Page 146 Galileo Galilei......Page 148 Thomas Hobbes......Page 150 French Baroque Comedy and Tragedy......Page 151 VALUES: Scientific Truth......Page 152 The English Metaphysical Poets......Page 153 John Milton’s Heroic Vision......Page 154 Summary......Page 155 Exercises......Page 156 Age of Diversity......Page 158 The Rococo Style......Page 163 Rococo Painting......Page 164 Neo-Classical Art......Page 167 Classical Music......Page 171 The Classical Symphony......Page 172 Mozart......Page 174 Intellectual Developments......Page 177 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: A Visit to the Court of Louis XV......Page 178 Rational Humanism: The Encyclopedists......Page 180 Voltaire’s Philosophical Cynicism: Candide......Page 181 VALUES: Revolution......Page 182 The Late Eighteenth Century: Time of Revolution......Page 183 Summary......Page 185 Exercises......Page 186 17 The Romantic Era......Page 188 The Concerns of Romanticism......Page 189 The Intellectual Background......Page 192 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: Isabella Bird Meets a Mountain Man......Page 194 Beethoven......Page 195 Instrumental Music after Beethoven......Page 198 The Age of the Virtuosos......Page 199 VALUES: Nationalism......Page 200 Opera......Page 201 Painting at the Turn of the Century......Page 205 Painting and Architecture in France: Romanticism and Realism......Page 208 Painting in Germany and England......Page 214 Goethe......Page 215 Romantic Poetry......Page 216 The Novel......Page 217 The Romantic Era in America......Page 219 American Literature......Page 220 American Painting......Page 222 Summary......Page 224 Exercises......Page 226 The Spirit of the Age......Page 228 The Growing Unrest......Page 230 VALUES: Imperialism......Page 232 New Movements in the Visual Arts......Page 233 Impressionism......Page 236 Post-Impressionism......Page 241 Fauvism and Expressionism......Page 245 Orchestral Music at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century......Page 248 Impressionism in Music......Page 251 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: Gustav Mahler......Page 252 Psychological Insights in Literature and Drama......Page 255 The Role of Women......Page 256 Summary......Page 257 Exercises......Page 259 19 India, China, and Japan: From the Medieval to the Modern World......Page 260 India: From Mughal Conquest to British Rule......Page 261 The Mughal Empire......Page 262 Mughal Art......Page 263 The End of Mughal Rule and the Arrival of the British......Page 266 China: Imperial Rule of the Ming and Qing Dynasties......Page 267 The Arts Under the Ming Dynasty......Page 268 The Qing Dynasty: China and the Western Powers......Page 271 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: The Emperor of China Studies Western Mathematics......Page 272 The Collapse of Chinese Imperial Rule......Page 273 Early Japanese History and Culture......Page 274 The Edo Period......Page 276 Asian Film......Page 278 Summary......Page 279 Exercises......Page 280 20 The Peoples and Cultures of Africa......Page 282 Religion and Society in Early Africa......Page 283 The Kingdom of Ghana......Page 285 The Kingdom of Benin......Page 286 The Kingdom of Zimbabwe .. Billy Strayhorn, “Take the A Train,” The Duke Ellington......Page 288 Leopold Senghor and Negritude......Page 289 African Novelists......Page 290 Traditional African Art in the Modern Period......Page 291 The Impact of African Culture on the West......Page 293 Summary......Page 294 Exercises......Page 295 The Great War (World War I) and Its Significance......Page 296 European Writers......Page 299 Futurism......Page 301 Analytical Cubism......Page 303 Synthetic Cubism......Page 306 Guernica: Art as Protest......Page 307 VALUES: Disillusionment......Page 308 Dada: Art as Escape......Page 309 Freud, the Unconscious, and Surrealism......Page 310 Surrealism in Art......Page 311 Music in the Jazz Age......Page 313 The Influence of Jazz......Page 315 Propaganda Films as Art......Page 317 Photography......Page 320 Bauhaus And Architecture......Page 321 Exercises......Page 322 Toward a Global Culture......Page 324 Philosophy: Existentialism......Page 327 Painting Since 1945......Page 328 Abstract Expressionism......Page 330 The Return to Representation......Page 333 Photorealists......Page 335 Other Trends......Page 338 Contemporary Sculpture......Page 341 VOICES OF THEIR TIMES: Magdalena Abakanowicz......Page 342 Other Directions......Page 346 VALUES: Liberation......Page 348 Architecture......Page 349 Concrete and Architecture......Page 352 Bauhaus in America......Page 354 New Directions......Page 355 Some Trends in Contemporary Literature......Page 359 Avant-Garde Developments......Page 360 Traditional Approaches to Modern Music......Page 362 Summary......Page 363 Exercises......Page 364 Pronunciation Glossary......Page 366 Index......Page 392 Photo Credits......Page 410 Literary Credits......Page 413 Trusted By Professors Of The Humanities Survey Course For Over Twenty Years, Culture And Values: A Survey Of The Humanities Covers Western Cultures Along With Important Non-western Cultures, Providing Students Solid, Accessible Introductions To Art, Music, Philosophy, Literature, And More. Available Without End-of-chapter Readings In Two Volumes, Or As An Alternate Single Comprehensive Volume, This Text Remains The Most Readable And Reliable Textbook For College And University Students In The Integrated Humanities. The Volumes Without Readings Can Be Customized With Readings That You Select Through Our Innovative ’make It Yours’ Program. Important Notice: Media Content Referenced Within The Product Description Or The Product Text May Not Be Available In The Ebook Version.